A collaborative filtering framework based on both local user similarity and global user similarity

Collaborative filtering as a classical method of information retrieval has been widely used in helping people to deal with information overload. In this paper, we introduce the concept of local user similarity and global user similarity, based on surprisal-based vector similarity and the application of the concept of maximin distance in graph theory. Surprisal-based vector similarity expresses the relationship between any two users based on the quantities of information (called surprisal) contained in their ratings. Global user similarity defines two users being similar if they can be connected through their locally similar neighbors. Based on both of Local User Similarity and Global User Similarity, we develop a collaborative filtering framework called LS&GS. An empirical study using the MovieLens dataset shows that our proposed framework outperforms other state-of-the-art collaborative filtering algorithms.     

Information-theoretic Approaches Based on Sequential Monte Carlo to Collaborative Distributed Sensors for Mobile Robot Localization

We consider the Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method for Bayesian inference applied to the problem of information-theoretic distributed sensor collaboration in complex environments. The robot kinematics and sensor observation under consideration are described by nonlinear models. The exact solution to this problem is prohibitively complex due to the nonlinear nature of the system. The SMC method is, therefore, employed to track the probabilistic kinematics of the robot and to make the corresponding Bayesian estimates and predictions. To meet the specific requirements inherent in distributed sensors, such as low-communication consumption and collaborative information processing, we propose a novel SMC solution that makes use of the particle filter technique for data fusion, and the density tree representation of the a posterior distribution for information exchange between sensor nodes. Meanwhile, an efficient numerical method is proposed for approximating the information utility in sensor selection. A further experiment, obtained with a real robot in an indoor environment, illustrates that under the SMC framework, the optimal sensor selection and collaboration can be implemented naturally, and significant improvement in localization accuracy is achieved when compared to conventional methods using all sensors.     

Measuring the structural similarity among XML documents and DTDs

Measuring the structural similarity between an XML document and a DTD has many relevant applications that range from document classification and approximate structural queries on XML documents to selective dissemination of XML documents and document protection. The problem is harder than measuring structural similarity among documents, because a DTD can be considered as a generator of documents. Thus, the problem is to evaluate the similarity between a document and a set of documents. An effective structural similarity measure should face different requirements that range from considering the presence and absence of required elements, as well as the structure and level of the missing and extra elements to vocabulary discrepancies due to the use of synonymous or syntactically similar tags. In the paper, starting from these requirements, we provide a definition of the measure and present an algorithm for matching a document against a DTD to obtain their structural similarity. Finally, experimental results to assess the effectiveness of the approach are presented.     

基于ArcObject和GM(1,1)的海岸线预测系统

海岸线变化对海岸带地区的可持续发展有重要的影响作用。该文以 Microsoft C#.NET为软件平台,应用ESRI公司提供的组建对象模型对象库——ArcObjects,利用GM(1,1)模型,通过设置预测原点和侧线,并与海岸线矢量数据进行叠加,得到若干GM(1,1)原始数列,由此计算出海岸线变化的预测点,实现了对海岸线变化的趋势预测,并将该预测系统应用于辽宁省国土资源规划地理信息系统中。     

一种基于模糊层次分析法的外包系统信息安全评价模式的研究

面向外包信息系统,提出了一种基于模糊层次分析法的信息安全评价模式.首先分析了外包系统信息安全评价的特性,明确了选择合理评价方法的逻辑基础.接着深入研究了模糊层次分析法在外包系统信息安全评价中的应用理论.最后运用实例验证了模糊层次分析法在评价外包系统信息安全性时的实用性和可行性.     

信息工程专业创新人才培养模式研究

从课程体系与教学内容,教学方法与教学手段,实践能力与科学研究三个方面探讨了信息工程专业创新人才的培养模式。并提出在信息时代,只有进一步深化教学改革,加强创新实践环节,将教学与科研相结合,才能为国家和社会培养更多的拔尖信息工程专业创新人才。     

特征级信息融合方法研究

近几年来,针对多传感器信息融合技术逐渐成为当前研究的热点,该文介绍了信息融合技术的基本概念,引出特征级信息融合的概念,并且根据特征级信息融合技术的特点,给出并分析了几种信息融合方法,最后介绍了信息融合技术的应用情况。     

基于内容的信息检索技术研究

介绍了多媒体图象数据查询和检索的系统结构;阐述了图象数据查询和检索的基本过程和相关技术;提出了图象分割、特征提取、相似匹配、快速存取的具体算法,并对它们进行了详细分析。     

浅谈网络信息传播对教育的影响

网络信息时代的传播和通信科技迅猛发展使各类新媒介不断涌现、分裂和整合,具有自主、个性、互动等特征的网络个人传播实现了大众化发展、多元化应用的内在趋势,随着传播技术的日臻完善,人际传播现在越来越借助于现代传播媒介进行沟通,探究网络个人传播这一新传播方式的内在特性,并为其寻找可供借鉴的发展之路。     

WEB信息的抽取与集成研究

随着信息技术的快速发展,人们从网络上发布、获取信息也越来越多,但网络上浩大的信息量也使得人们从网络上抽取信息的难度也越来越大。如何从网络上海量的信息中找出对自己有用的信息,是人们关注的问题。在此背景下,该文设计了WEB信息抽取系统,改信息抽取工具提高了系统的灵活性,可以充分利用现有资源。