2,6-二异丙基萘的合成与分离技术的进展

2,6-二异丙基萘(2,6-DIPN)是一种重要的化合物,可用于制取高级聚酯材料和液晶聚合物。本文论述了由萘经选择性烷基化生成2,6-DIPN的研究进展,着重阐述了合成2,6-DIPN所用催化剂的研究;还总结了从异构体中分离2,6-DIPN的方法,并对吸附分离法做了详细阐述;指出由萘作原料,沸石分子筛作催化剂制备2,6-DIPN是石油萘生产的理想的技术方向。     

循环流化床锅炉J形返料阀的试验研究

对循环流化床锅炉J形返料阀以充气口高度、J阀管径和J阀管转弯处圆弧段所包围的角度这3个因素作为影响J阀调节性能的结构因素 ,以物料流量和J阀充气量之间的线性相关系数、回归直线斜率和流量调节范围为优化试验指标 ,通过正交试验获得了J阀的最优结构     

用纯氧化铕模拟基体AES法测定氧化铥中的钬、饵、镱、镥和钇

用于发射光谱分析的氧化铥基体不但难于寻找,而且价格昂贵.本文用氧化铕模拟氧化标基体的办法,其测定结果与别的方法基本符合.为寻找代替氧化铥基体提供了一条途径.     

SULFUR RECOVERY WITH REDUCED EMISSIONS, LOW CAPITAL INVESTMENT AND HYDROGEN CO-PRODUCTION

The main disadvantage of the Claus process is that by introducing air as oxidant a large volume of tail gas is produced. This must be treated to reduce atmospheric emissions of sulfur-containing gases. The costs of the tail-gas unit are a significant fraction of the total capital and operating costs for sulfur recovery. A new process uses thermal decomposition of hydrogen sulfide in the presence of carbon dioxide instead of air oxidation. The products of this reaction are hydrogen, carbon monoxide, elemental sulfur, water vapor and carbonyl sulfide. Carbonyl sulfide is easily converted to H₂S and C0₂ by liquid- or vapor-phase hydrolysis. Unreacted H₂S and C0₂ are recovered by absorption and recycled to the reactor. Since no air is introduced, there is no tail gas and the tail-gas unit is eliminated, giving a substantial reduction in capital investment. The concentrations of sulfur-containing gases in the product streams depend only on the operation of the absorber and stripper units and can be controlled to very low levels by increasing stripper boil-up. Process operating costs depend on the level of sulfur recovery required and can also be much lower than those of the modified Claus Process.

The process chemistry depends on a shift in the equilibrium of H₂S decomposition caused by reaction of hydrogen with C0₂ by the reverse of the water-gas-shift reaction. Catalysts for this chemistry have been identified. Reactor conversion is further improved by rapid cooling of the reactor effluent gas. Other aspects of process design and operation confer further advantages with respect to the Claus process; however, the process equipment used is similar to that used in a Claus plant. Retrofit of existing plant to the new technology can therefore be considered.     

Sintering of Pt/Al2O3 reforming catalysts: EXAFS study of the behavior of metal particles under oxidizing atmosphere

The effect of an oxidative atmosphere (300 °C) is studied on fresh and sintered unchlorinated naphtha reforming catalysts containing 0.6–1% Pt. The TPR profiles show that only one species is formed using our experimental conditions, regardless of the mean crystallite size of the metal particles. The structural information supplied by EXAFS compared with cuboctahedral particle modeling, implies that such species is a surface platinum oxide, the structure of which is close to that of PtO₂, but largely distorted. This is true whether the catalyst is sintered or not.     

多孔TiO2陶瓷光催化剂降解糠醛废水

以钛酸四丁酯等为原料，采用简单工艺制得多孔TiO2陶瓷光催化剂；并研究了利用多孔TiO2陶瓷光催化降解糠醛废水。结果表明，在紫外灯下照射60min，糖醛废水的COD去除率可达59．8％，而通入空气有利于污染物的去除。     

2-乙氧基丙烯的合成

介绍了2-乙氧基丙烯(EPP)的用途及合成方法，采用自制催化剂由2，2-二乙氧基丙烷(DEP)合成2-乙氧基丙烯．总收率达到84．5％。     

5—烃基—2,3—二甲基吡嗪的合成

2,3-二基-5,6-二氢吡嗪与醛或酮在氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液中反应制得16种5-烃基-2,3-二甲基吡嗪。产率66%～90%。其中6种为新合成的化合物。产率17%～87.9%。     

有机过氧化物对CPE硫化性能的影响

采用DCP或双2，5硫化CPE，通过改变硫化时间，研究CPE的硫化过程及性能。发现DCP对CPE的硫化速度快、硫化胶的物理机械性能好，但易使硫化胶产生异味；使用双2，5作硫化剂，则不产生异味，但其硫化速度较慢，双2，5的用量一般在4～4．5份之间为宜。     

2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖的制备及其表征

以脱乙酰度为90%的壳聚糖(CTS)为原料,异丙醇为溶剂,w(NaOH)=40 0%的水溶液为催化剂,3 氯 2 羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为改性剂,在m(NaOH)∶m(CTS)=1 0∶1 0,m(CTA)∶m(CTS)=4 0∶1 0,反应温度65 0℃下制备了2 羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖(HTCC)。实验结果表明,在反应时间达到或超过9 0h时,得到的HTCC产品的接枝度超过90 0%,在pH=6 7～7 0的水中可完全溶解形成w(HTCC)=3 0%的溶液。IR和1HNMR的结果表明,接枝反应主要发生在CTS的氨基上。