High temperature deformation and damage behavior of RAFM steels under low cycle fatigue loading: Experiments and modeling

Structural materials of fusion reactors are subjected to complex creep-fatigue loading and high irradiation doses. Correct modeling of their deterioration is a precondition of a sufficiently reliable lifetime prediction procedure. In the continuum mechanics approach selected for lifetime prediction of RAFM steels under creep-fatigue conditions, the inelastic strain rate modified (ISRM) damage model is coupled with a modified viscoplastic deformation model taking into account the complex non-saturating cyclic softening of RAFM steels. The resulting coupled model is a powerful prediction tool, which can be applied to arbitrary creep-fatigue loading provided that the material, temperature and possibly irradiation dose-dependent parameters of the model have been determined. Therefore, a fitting procedure has been developed for the parameters identification on the base of deformation and lifetime data from strain-controlled low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests without and with hold time as well as creep tests. The coupled deformation-damage model has been applied to F82H mod and EUROFER 97 in the reference (unirradiated) state under isothermal cyclic loading at 450, 550 and 650 °C. The comparisons between model and experiment show that the observed lifetimes in the LCF tests could be fairly well calculated even for the tests with hold time, which were not considered for the identification of the damage model parameters.     

连铸小方坯生产大规格82B盘条的实践

预应力钢绞线用优质高碳盘条82B在拉拔过程中常出现脆断现象，针对碳偏析、缩孔和表面横裂等质量影响因素进行分析，提出了相应的工艺改进措施。通过优化炼钢、连铸、控轧控冷以及拉拔工艺，提高了盘条的质量．降低了用户在使用过程中的断丝率。     

150mm圆坯生产SWRH82B钢绞线用盘条的试制

介绍了天津钢铁有限公司独立开发、具有自主知识产权的高强度SWRH82B预应力钢绞线用盘条的试制过程及工艺控制要点。经用户使用证明,该工艺生产的盘条捻制成绞线,各项力学性能指标达到标准要求,满足用户要求。     

Application of a new multi-agent Hybrid Co-evolution based Particle Swarm Optimisation methodology in ship design

In this paper, a multiple objective ‘Hybrid Co-evolution based Particle Swarm Optimisation’ methodology (HCPSO) is proposed. This methodology is able to handle multiple objective optimisation problems in the area of ship design, where the simultaneous optimisation of several conflicting objectives is considered. The proposed method is a hybrid technique that merges the features of co-evolution and Nash equilibrium with a ε-disturbance technique to eliminate the stagnation. The method also offers a way to identify an efficient set of Pareto (conflicting) designs and to select a preferred solution amongst these designs. The combination of co-evolution approach and Nash-optima contributes to HCPSO by utilising faster search and evolution characteristics. The design search is performed within a multi-agent design framework to facilitate distributed synchronous cooperation. The most widely used test functions from the formal literature of multiple objectives optimisation are utilised to test the HCPSO. In addition, a real case study, the internal subdivision problem of a ROPAX vessel, is provided to exemplify the applicability of the developed method.     

VxWorks下82C55A并口驱动系统设计及测试

分析了VxWorks实时操作系统设备驱动的原理,通过采用VxWorks中的I/O系统挂接应用层与底层驱动的方式实现了该操作系统对82C55A并口设备的驱动;由于VxWorks系统代码不开放性,结合实际工程要求创新地介绍了82C55A其读、写与选通控制驱动的核心代码的同时,说明了应用层软件设计的方法,并且给出了在PC104硬件平台下详细的测试手段,测试结果表明:底层驱动的正确性与测试方法的实时性,有很好的工程应用价值。     

对82B盘条拉伸试样断口形态的分析研究

通过对８２Ｂ盘条试样进行“人工时效”处理，对比分析了“人工时效：”处理前后盘条拉伸度样断口形态的变化情况，找出了８２Ｂ盘条经“人工时效”处理后拉伸试样断口形态变化的内在规律。     

用发格(FAGOR)数控系统对M8612K磨床进行数控化改造

针对M8612K磨床精度低的问题,用西班牙的数控系统FAGOR 82 CNC对控制系统进行改造,可提高加工精度和可靠性,发掘了老设备的潜力,既可减少投入资金,又能取得了很好的经济效益.     

水钢预应力钢绞线SWRH82B钢的冶炼工艺

水城钢铁集团公司根据GB/T24238- 2009质量标准和用户使用要求,确立了预应力钢绞线SWRH82B钢的内控成分（质量分数）：w(C)=0.79%～0.84%、w(Si)=0.15%～0.30%、w(Mn)=0.60%～0.90%、w(P)≤0.025%、w(S)≤0.015%、w(Cr)=0.25%～0.27%。采用高炉铁水→100 t顶底复吹转炉冶炼→LF炉精炼→150 mm×150 mm方坯连铸的工艺流程生产SWRH82B方坯,用于轧制SWRH82B盘条。采用的质量控制方法有：（1）采用含铝量低的合金脱氧,减少钢中的Al2O3夹杂物含量;（2）采用低氮增碳剂、低氮铁合金对钢水进行脱氧合金化,LF炉采用微正压操作,造好泡沫渣,埋弧精炼,连铸采用全封闭保护钢水浇注,使成品钢中的氮质量分数降到40×10-6以内;（3）将中间包钢水过热度控制在15～30 ℃,结晶器电磁搅拌频率5 Hz、电流320 A,铸坯拉速（1.73±0.02） m/min,二冷段气雾冷却比水量0.62 L/kg,将铸坯中心各种缺陷级别之和控制在3级以内。     

基于中间包冶金工艺优化对钢液温度场的研究

以首钢82B连铸凝固传热过程为研究对象,应用FLUENT数值模拟软件对首钢中间包结构优化,研究其对铸坯凝固传热和铸坯凝固质量的影响。研究表明：中间包结构的优化改造,通过减小纵向侧壁钢液液面高度处内壁宽度,适当减小中间包两端的体积,从而减小死区,优化中间包内钢液流动和温度场分布。有利于保持钢液流场的稳定,降低钢液对耐材的侵蚀和钢液中夹杂物的含量,夹杂物的控制保证了82B在拉拔过程中质量缺陷的发生。