化妆品塑料包装容器析出物迁移研究

以化妆品(模拟物)和塑料容器为研究对象,通过设置不同储存温度和储存时间,考察高锰酸钾消耗量、蒸发残渣、重金属迁移和脱色实验等指标的变化,以揭示化妆品与塑料容器间析出物的迁移规律。试验结果表明:油脂类化妆品与塑料容器间的迁移情况较为严重。     

食盐软塑包装PAEs增塑剂的迁移规律研究

以塑料包装中增塑剂对食品的污染为启示,分析了食盐软塑包装中4种典型邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二辛脂(DOP)在食盐溶液中的迁移;论述了时间、温度和油脂类物质对上述PAEs增塑剂向食盐中迁移的量的影响。在此基础上,提出了科学储盐容器、时间和地点的建议。     

纸质食品包装材料中米氏酮（MK）及相关芳香胺的检测及迁移性研究

米氏酮(MK)广泛用于纸质食品包装材料的生产,而米氏酮具有潜在致癌性。采用液相色谱法对纸质食品包装材料中的米氏酮及其相关芳香胺进行了检测和迁移性研究。将实验用的涂有聚乙烯涂层及无涂层的纸板样品放入多种食物模拟物中,对其中的米氏酮的迁移行为进行了研究和评估。实验选用了水、3%乙酸、10%乙醇以及95%的乙醇作为食品模拟物。同时,也进行了与MK相关的其它芳香胺的稳定性试验。结果表明:MK在酸性水溶液中的降解是十分明显的,因MK可能从多种紫色染料或颜料中通过化学或光降解而产生,所以MK是食品包装材料的潜在迁出物。     

A302和Inconel 182焊接的Cr5Mo异质焊接接头的碳迁移和蠕变破断寿命

针对奥氏体和镍基焊材焊接的CrSMo异种钢焊接接头,通过时效处理和蠕变持久试验,研究了A302／Cr5Mo和Inconel 182／Cr5Mo异种钢焊接接头的碳迁移状况和蠕变破断寿命。研究结果表明,由于A302／Ca5Mo异种钢焊接接头发生碳迁移。与镍基焊材焊接的焊接接头相比,其蠕变破断强度下降,破断寿命只有Inconel 182／Ca5Mo异种钢焊接接头蠕变破断寿命的50％左右。     

基于TW-RN优化CNN的煤矸识别方法研究

针对小样本数据难以构建深度学习模型和实际工况下多尺度形态、颜色煤矸的识别率低的问题,提出了一种融合迁移学习思想与结构优化的煤矸深度识别模型的优化方法.模仿井下实际生产环境搭建机器视觉平台,采用CCD(Charge Couplect Device)工业相机实时获取煤和矸石图像,利用图像旋转、翻转以及增加噪声方式扩展煤和矸...     

An Emerging Role for Calcium Signaling in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

Tumors exist in a complex milieu where interaction with their associated microenvironment significantly contributes to disease progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the primary component of the tumor microenvironment and participate in complex bidirectional communication with tumor cells. CAFs support the development of various hallmarks of cancer through diverse processes, including direct cell–cell contact, paracrine signaling, and remodeling and deposition of the extracellular matrix. Calcium signaling is a key second messenger in intra- and inter-cellular signaling pathways that contributes to cancer progression; however, the links between calcium signaling and CAFs are less well-explored. In this review, we put into context the role of calcium signaling in interactions between cancer cells and CAFs, with a focus on migration, proliferation, chemoresistance, and genetic instability.     

Direct and Indirect Effect of TGFβ on Treg Transendothelial Recruitment in HCC Tissue Microenvironment

The balance between anti-tumor and tumor-promoting immune cells, such as CD4+ Th1 and regulatory T cells (Tregs), respectively, is assumed to dictate the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) markedly shapes the HCC microenvironment, regulating the activation state of multiple leukocyte subsets and driving the differentiation of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The fibrotic (desmoplastic) reaction in HCC tissue strongly depends on CAFs activity. In this study, we attempted to assess the role of TGFβ on transendothelial migration of Th1-oriented and Treg-oriented CD4+ T cells via a direct or indirect, CAF-mediated mechanisms, respectively. We found that the blockage of TGFβ receptor I-dependent signaling in Tregs resulted in impaired transendothelial migration (TEM) of these cells. Interestingly, the secretome of TGFβ-treated CAFs inhibited the TEM of Tregs but not Th1 cells, in comparison to the secretome of untreated CAFs. In addition, we found a significant inverse correlation between alpha-SMA and FoxP3 (marker of Tregs) mRNA expression in a microarray analysis involving 78 HCCs, thus suggesting that TGFβ-activated stromal cells may counteract the trafficking of Tregs into the tumor. The apparent dual behavior of TGFβ as both pro- and anti-tumorigenic cytokines may add a further level of complexity to the mechanisms that regulate the interactions among cancerous, stromal, and immune cells within HCC, as well as other solid tumors, and contribute to better manipulation of the TGFβ signaling as a therapeutic target in HCC patients.     

Production of specific‐structured triacylglycerols by lipase‐catalyzed reactions: a review

Regiospecificity is one of the major advantages of using lipase technology for the modification of oils and fats to produce high‐value added products, such as cocoa butter equivalents, human milk fat substitutes, and other specific‐structured lipids. Due to the high cost of biocatalysts, the mainstream applications of lipases for normal oils and fats are still limited. Therefore, positional specificity of lipases has the priority and will be the target property to be exploited for commercial and industrial developments, because no chemical method has such a specificity and is promising or possible for this task. In this paper, encouraging products resulting from this regiospecificity are reviewed together with the critical evaluation of their reaction schemes, side reactions and by‐products, sources of substrate oils and acyl donors, and production processes.     

One‐pot Synthesis of N‐Formyl‐O‐acyl‐ threo‐ and erythro‐DL‐β‐phenylserine Ethyl Esters and their Antiviral Properties

A series of N‐formyl‐O‐acyl‐β‐phenylserine derivatives 1b ‐ 7b were prepared by the interaction of N‐acyl‐b‐phenylserine ethyl esters 1a ‐ 7a with formic acid in presence of 1.5% HF. One‐pot acyl group N → O migration followed N‐formylation under elaborated reaction conditions. The kinetics of the reaction was investigated. The carboxylic acid moiety in the structure of β‐phenylserine had a strong influence on the reproduction of the used test‐viruses. The toxicity and antiviral activity is dependent on the diastereomeric forms of evaluated compounds.     

Overcoming Microenvironment-Mediated Chemoprotection through Stromal Galectin-3 Inhibition in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Environmentally-mediated drug resistance in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) significantly contributes to relapse. Stromal cells in the bone marrow environment protect leukemia cells by secretion of chemokines as cues for BCP-ALL migration towards, and adhesion to, stroma. Stromal cells and BCP-ALL cells communicate through stromal galectin-3. Here, we investigated the significance of stromal galectin-3 to BCP-ALL cells. We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to ablate galectin-3 in stromal cells and found that galectin-3 is dispensable for steady-state BCP-ALL proliferation and viability. However, efficient leukemia migration and adhesion to stromal cells are significantly dependent on stromal galectin-3. Importantly, the loss of stromal galectin-3 production sensitized BCP-ALL cells to conventional chemotherapy. We therefore tested novel carbohydrate-based small molecule compounds (Cpd14 and Cpd17) with high specificity for galectin-3. Consistent with results obtained using galectin-3-knockout stromal cells, treatment of stromal-BCP-ALL co-cultures inhibited BCP-ALL migration and adhesion. Moreover, these compounds induced anti-leukemic responses in BCP-ALL cells, including a dose-dependent reduction of viability and proliferation, the induction of apoptosis and, importantly, the inhibition of drug resistance. Collectively, these findings indicate galectin-3 regulates BCP-ALL cell responses to chemotherapy through the interactions between leukemia cells and the stroma, and show that a combination of galectin-3 inhibition with conventional drugs can sensitize the leukemia cells to chemotherapy.