Improvement of air distribution in refrigerated vertical open front remote supermarket display cases

This paper presents some of the results derived from extensive experimentation on display cases for supermarkets and derives some possible improvements to augment temperature uniformity and energy performance. The effect of the perforation pattern of the rear duct on the distribution of airflow between these and the front curtain is brought out. The critical component is air infiltration across the curtain, which is governed by internal air distribution and curtain characteristics. It is observed that a 70–30 distribution of flow between the curtain and the rear duct perforations yields a performance that satisfies the standards. Further, a judicious distribution of perforations on the rear duct at various levels and across is necessary. Correlations available in the literature are useful in making a qualitative assessment of the results.     

热氟除霜系统在陈列柜上的节能应用

近些年,节能减排已成为全社会持续关注的热点和焦点。随着超市陈列柜行业的发展和人们对节能、环保要求的提高,在当今如何让超市运营成本更低、更节能环保,不但是超市运营商关注的焦点,更是成为研究机构和陈列柜制造商的研究课题。在实际的超市应用中,热氟除霜方式可以的很好取代加热丝进行融霜。不但可以节省大量的电能,在融霜的同时,造成的柜内温升要小于加热丝形式,有利于货物的保鲜,以及减少二次制冷消耗的电能。值得我们在实际生产应用中广泛的推广     

大润发超市空调系统春季能耗的实测与分析

本文通过对马鞍山市大润发超市空调系统运行方案的了解和春季空调能耗的实测,弄清空调能耗与各主要环境因素的关系程度,进而建立基本的物理数学模型,拟为之找到合理的春季空调系统运行管理方案,起到节约能源的作用.     

Larger serving size and seasoning’s role in consumer behaviors toward vegetables

A diet rich in vegetables provides many nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber; as a result, eating vegetables could reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, very few Americans consume enough vegetables daily, and average intake falls significantly below national recommendations. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of seasoning and increased portion sizes on vegetable consumption in a US adult population. An observational study was conducted in a commercial cafeteria that provided options of steamed or seasoned green beans, broccoli, cauliflower, and carrots (n = 890). The portion size was 8-oz, double the standard vegetable size (4-oz). Participants returned 527 surveys with information regarding vegetable choice, liking, and demographics. Leftover bowls were collected for waste analysis. According to binomial tests, significantly more people purchased the seasoned vegetables over steamed (p < 0.001); in detail, the same trend was observed with the purchasing data of seasoned green beans, broccoli, and cauliflower (p < 0.001 for each vegetable type). Vegetable likings were high and similar across all vegetables and cooking methods with an average of 7.3 (9 = like extremely). Overall, 8-oz (226.8 g) servings resulted in 16.59 mean g waste and 210.21 mean g of consumption. To conclude, cooking vegetables with herbs and spices was well accepted by the adult population as was a larger portion size.     

Commercial refrigeration – An overview of current status

Commercial refrigeration comprises food freezing and conservation in retail stores and supermarkets, so, it is one of the most relevant energy consumption sectors, and its relevance is increasing. This paper reviews the most recent developments in commercial refrigeration available in literature and presents a good amount of results provided these systems, covering some advantages and disadvantages in systems and working fluids. Latest researches are focused on energy savings to reduce CO₂ indirect emissions due to the burning of fossil fuels. They are focused on system modifications (as dedicated subcooling or the implementation of ejectors), trigeneration technologies (electrical, heating and cooling demand) and better evaporation conditions control. Motivated by latest GWP regulations that are intended to reduce high GWP HFC emissions; R404A and R507 are going to phase out. Besides hydrocarbons and HFO, CO₂ appears as one of the most promising HFC replacements because its low contribution to global warming and high efficiencies when used in transcritical and low-stage of cascade systems.     

BizSim: the world of business—in a box

Large-scale, agent-based simulations are dramatically changing how one studies real-world processes, especially social and behavioral processes. This paper addresses some of the ways this computing technology enables us to understand more about the world of business. In aprticular, we show here how computer simulation has been used to investigate the efficiency of stock markets and the operation of a supermarket. Both examples illustrate the point that it is possible to gain a much deeper understanding of the ways of business by screating “laboratories” for doing controlled, repeatable scientific experiments with such systems. This work was presented in part at the Fourth International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 19–22, 1999     

基于B/S的连锁超市管理系统的设计与实现

连锁超市特别是中小型连锁超市信息化管理水平比较落后,缺少合适的信息化管理系统.本系统基于B/S架构,采用ASP与SQL数据库技术相结合,实现连锁起市分类信息发布,商品统一管理、调度、具有很强的实用性和现实意义.     

The biology,ecology and management of the larger grain borer,Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

The invasive larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), originating from Meso-America, is a devastating stored product pest of maize (Zea mays L.) and cassava (Manihot esculenta). This species can destroy up to 40% of stored maize within four months. Despite four decades of research, P. truncatus has spread throughout Africa, while decimating maize and cassava production. Given the continuing problems with P. truncatus, the likelihood for its continued range expansion under climate change, and its status as a species of concern in many countries, the objective of this review was to provide an updated and comprehensive freely accessible record of the distribution and spread, biology, development, and ecology, host preferences, chemical ecology, detection, and monitoring, and management of P. truncatus. We conducted a search of the literature from 1911 to 2021 using Google Scholar and Web of Science to find all papers related to key search terms. We found that P. truncatus has been recorded in 36 countries across the globe, including 21 now in Africa. A recent predictive model found that the insect has been limited to tropical and subtropical regions but could likely spread to temperate regions as temperatures rise with climate change. Conspecifics respond to their two component, male-produced aggregation pheromone early after eclosion, but quickly switch to other cues as older adults. At close-range, P. truncatus may use food cues, but host volatiles are not involved in long-range host finding of commodities. Research on managing P. truncatus has mostly focused on chemical control to the detriment of other tactics, with the most promising tactic likely to be the different hermetic storage technologies. Many outstanding areas of basic behavior and ecology remain to be assessed for P. truncatus. We highlight specific areas that should be prioritized for further work in order to better manage and reduce the impact of this invasive insect pest.     

燃气管道泄漏模型的研究进展

泄漏速率是燃气管道扩散模拟和风险评价的重要因素,同时也是管道泄漏检测不可缺少的一环.通过对国内外泄漏速率计算模型的应用分析,探讨了燃气管线泄漏率计算的主要模型和分类方法,罗列了稳态模型下小孔模型、大孔模型和管道模型的计算式,并指出其适用范围.对于大孔模型,提出了高压和低压分开计算泄漏率的方式.对比一些非稳态泄漏模型指出...     

基于ArcGIS缓冲叠加功能的超市选址研究

超市所处的地理位置,对于超市的经营状况起到十分重要的作用,因此对超市选址进行研究具有重要意义.本文采用ArcGIS缓冲区分析和叠加分析功能对超市选址进行研究.从超市选址的主要影响因素出发,分别对淮安市淮海街道人口中心、交通线路以及已有超市位置进行缓冲分析,得到人口密度分布图、交通便利缓冲图以及已有超市竞争范围图,然后将...