A new analysis method for early detection and prevention of cascading events

This paper introduces a new analysis method for early detection and prevention of power system cascading events. It uses the vulnerability index (VI) and margin index (MI) to evaluate the vulnerability and security of the individual system parts, as well as the whole system during an operating state. It identifies the vulnerable parts of the power system using the topology processing and operation index methods. For a given disturbance, it calculates the power flow, evaluates the vulnerability and security, identifies the vulnerable part, finds the transmission line overload and bus voltage problems, and predicts the possible successive events. The approach defines the control means using the following methods for early detection and prevention of cascading events: network contribution factor (NCF), generator distribution factor (GDF), load distribution factor (LDF), and selected minimum load shedding (SMLS). This approach has been tested using the IEEE RTS-96 24-bus system and promising results have been obtained. The proposed approach allows the power system operator to detect initial stages of cascading events and assert actions that will prevent such events from unfolding.     

有源钳位双向电压型高频链逆变电源的控制策略

针对有源钳位双向电压型高频链逆变电路拓扑,研究了一种新型单极性SPWM调制策略,采用对称三角载波与两个相位相反的正弦调制波调制产生所需的控制逻辑信号,该调制策略不需要根据输出电压极性信号来切换控制逻辑就能够实现四象限工作和各象限之间的平滑过渡,克服了原有的单极性调制在输出电压过零点畸变大的缺点.文中还设计了具有负载电流前馈的电压电流双闭环数字控制方案,电流内环可提高系统的稳定性,负载电流前馈能够提高系统抗负载扰动的能力,改善系统的动静态性能.在理论分析和仿真研究的基础上,设计制作了3kVA实验样机,实验结果验证了理论分析的可行性和系统设计的有效性.     

Demand response in the UK's domestic sector

The purpose of this paper is to assess the current level of demand responsiveness among domestic loads. The paper first studies different load profiles of domestic consumers which are composed of power consumption of end-use appliances. Afterwards, it differentiates those loads which could become responsive and evaluates the aggregated effect of these loads and the margin which could be derived from them. The area which has been considered is a residential area; consists of results have been demonstrated on a real residential network in southwest of the UK; small residential area in city of Bath.     

电子设备的建模研究

本文首先介绍了开关电源的基本工作原理和电路构成,在此基础上,通过试验研究,建立了计算机和电视机等电子设备的静态负荷模型。所得结论,为电力系统稳定分析计算提供了依据。     

高压配电全真负荷控制实训考核系统的实现

实现一种高压配电全真负荷控制实训考核系统,使得设备在带电运行状态下实施高压配电全真负荷控制装置的培训,以达到现场培训考核效果,满足电力企业职工实训及考核需求。介绍了实现该培训考核系统的基本结构及原理。     

长径双弯头组合管件的力学性能有限元分析

针对现有管件的塑性极限载荷估算公式不适用于组合管件的现状,采用有限元分析方法,研究了压力管道组合管件中典型的型谱长径双弯头组合管件在内压作用下的力学特性,通过计算结果拟合出长径双弯头组合管件的塑性极限内压的工程估算式。     

Load/unload measurements using laser doppler vibrometry and acoustic emission

The dynamics of the load/unload process are studied using a so-called ‘periscope approach’ which allows us to follow the slider motion during load/unload (L/UL) with the beam of a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV). LDV signals and acoustic emission signals are obtained for three different slider airbearing designs and for load/unload conditions with different vertical velocities and spindle speeds. The load process is investigated statistically using the acoustic emission signal in order to determine the effect of vertical load speed and spindle speed on the probability of contacts between slider and disk.The results indicate that small vertical load speeds decrease the number of head/disk contacts, and that slider designs with a cavity centered close to the trailing edge enable a smooth unloading process.     

Tribological properties of Ni3Al-Cr7C3 composite coating under water lubrication

The tribological properties of Ni₃Al-Cr₇C₃ composite coating under water lubrication were examined by using a ball-on-disc reciprocating tribotester. The effects of load and sliding speed on wear rate of the coating were investigated. The worn surface of the coating was analyzed using electron probe microscopy analysis (EPMA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show the friction coefficient of the coating is decreased under water lubrication. The wear rate of the coating linearly increases with the load. At high sliding speed, the wear rate of the coating is dramatically increased and a large amount of the counterpart material is transferred to the coating worn surface. The low friction of the coating under water lubrication is due to the oxidizing of the worn surface in the wear. The wear mechanism of the coating is plastic deformation at low normal load and sliding speed. However, the wear mechanism transforms to microfracture and microploughing at high load with low sliding speed, and oxidation wear at high sliding speed. It is concluded that the contribution of the sliding speed to an increase in the coating wear is larger than that of the normal load.     

干摩擦状态下动载荷特性对磨损的影响

在自行研制的环一块磨损试验装置上研究了干摩擦状态下矩形波载荷特性对磨损的影响,结果表明。1)矩形波载荷和静载荷作用下试件的磨损过程一样,存在跑合期和稳定磨损期;2)矩形波载荷的占空比愈小,跑合期磨损量愈少,跑合期愈长。     

An investigation of slewing-crane dynamics during slewing motion—development and verification of a mathematical model

Information about the dynamic loading of a steel structure is important for its static design as well as for an assessment of its fatigue life. In the case of tower cranes, these loads are mainly caused by vibrations and load sway, which occurs as a result of the slewing motion of the jib around the vertical axis and from the radial movement of the load's suspension point. In this paper, only the slewing motion that produces the spatial motion of the pendulum is considered, because this kind of motion has received much less attention than the translation of the suspension point. In order to achieve this, a non-linear mathematical model of the load sway during the slewing motion was formulated, and the non-linear nature of the swinging motion for large angles and the non-linearity of the power transmission were considered. The structure's elasticity and damping, the friction in the main bearing, and the air resistance were also taken into account. The dynamic forces acting on the steel structure of the crane during payload transport were obtained. In order to confirm the mathematical model, an actual model of a crane was built and used as the basis for measurements. A comparison of the results shows good agreement between the predicted and the measured values.