巯基活性炭分离富集发射光谱法同时测定金、铂、钯和铊

研究了巯基活性炭在盐酸介质中对金、铂、钯和铊的吸附能力。该法具有吸附速度快、吸附容量大、在一定条件下，普通金属不被吸附的特点，可用于分离富集各类矿物中微量贵金属。吸附后巯基活性炭低温灰化，与缓冲剂混合发射光谱法同时测定金、铂、钯和铊，选择锆作内标线，直接压样于杯形的石墨电极中，该方法简便、快速、准确。对测定条件、干扰因素进行了研究，从而建立测定金、铂、钯和铊的新方法。金、铂、钯和铊的分析线分别为312.3nm，306．5nm，311．4nm和313．1nm，内标线选择为310．7nm的锆，金、铂、钯和铊的线性范围(原子百分数)分别为0～0．20％，0～0．40％，0～0．20％和0～0．40％。金、铂、钯和铊的检测限分别0．01％，0．003％，0．003％和0．001％。用于样品的测定获得满意结果。     

原子荧光光谱法测定祛斑霜中的汞

采用盐酸处理祛斑霜样品，用还原气化-原子荧光光谱法测定其中的汞，研究了仪器测定条件和不同样品处理方法对测定的影响。结果表明样品处理方法对测定结果影响不大；此方法的加标回收率在96％以上，相对标准偏差为2．5％；此方法具有快速、简便和灵敏的特点。     

Biosynthesis and identification of volatiles released by the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca

The volatiles released by agar plate cultures of two strains of the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca (strains Sg a15 and DW4/3-1) were collected in a closed-loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and analyzed by GC-MS. Large numbers of substances from different compound classes (ketones, esters, lactones, terpenes, and sulfur and nitrogen compounds) were identified; several of them are reported from natural sources for the first time. The volatiles 2-methyltridecan-4-one (17), its isomer 3-methyltridecan-4-one (20), and the higher homologue 2-methyltetradecan-4-one (18) were identified in the extracts of both strains and were synthesized. In addition, strain Sg a15 produced 2,12-dimethyltridecan-4-one (19), 2-methyltridec-2-en-4-one (23), and a series of phenyl ketones, among them 1-phenyldecan-1-one (14) and 9-methyl-1-phenyldecan-1-one (16), whereas strain DW4/3-1 emitted traces of 10-methylundecan-2-one (21). The biosynthesis of 14 and 16 was examined in feeding experiments with deuterated precursors carried out on agar plate cultures. The leucine-derived starter unit isovalerate was shown to be incorporated into 16, as was phenylalanine-derived benzoic acid into both 14 and 16. The results point to formation both of the phenyl ketones and of the structurally related aliphatic ketones through an unusual head-to-head coupling between a starter unit such as benzoyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA, followed by decarboxylation.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定百合中的微量元素

本文利用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了百合中的钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、铜、钴、钾等金属元素含量。百合经过硝酸、高氯酸处理后，再用原子吸收分光光度法测定其微量元素含量。此法快速、简单，结果准确。     

QH－1型扁环填料的气液接触性能

本文简要介绍了新近研制的ＱＨ－１型扁环填料对于汽液接触过程的流体力学与传质性能。实验表明，这种填料具有通量大、阻力小、传质效率高的优点，可望代替鲍尔环等常用填料，以取得良好经济效益     

Zinc Coated Steel/Epoxy Adhesive Systems: Investigation of the Interfacial Zone by FTIR Spectroscopy

The present study takes advantage of the ability of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for the analysis of ultrathin organic films on metals. FTIR in the reflection mode (IRRAS) is used in order to study the interaction of ultrathin films of dicyandiamide (hardener of most one-pack epoxy resins) with various substrates, model ones such as gold or zinc and industrial ones such as steel and zinc-coated steels.

Pure zinc surfaces and, to a lesser extent, zinc-coated steels are shown to react with dicyandiamide after heating at 180°C, as evidenced by the frequency shift of the absorption band (at about 2200 cm^-1) characteristic for nitrile groups. As real systems consist of thick layers of a fully formulated adhesive cured onto a metallic substrate, the direct investigation of such a buried interphase is no longer possible by FTIR and by most of the known spectroscopies. Some mechanically tested specimens are then analysed, after failure, by FTIR microspectrometry. The spectra obtained, corresponding to the fracture initiation zone which is about 100 μm in diameter, advocate for the presence of an ultrathin layer of modified polymer still covering the substrate.     

固相萃取净化-气相色谱-质谱法测定染料中7种指示性多氯联苯

本文建立了以固相萃取(SPE)前处理净化、结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定染料中7种指示性多氯联苯的分析方法。该法将染料样品经溶剂萃取后,通过固相萃取(SPE)净化、浓缩,气相色谱-质谱采用选择离子监测模式(SIM)测定,以保留时间和特征离子定性,外标法定量。     

气相色谱-质谱法联用定性2,2-二羟甲基丁醛

应用气-质谱联用法。并结合质谱解析及化学合成，探讨了2，2-二羟甲基丁醛的裂解方式。确定了该物质的质谱谱图。     

Analysis of solvent extracts of bituminous coal macerals by chromatography, 1H n.m.r. and field-desorption mass spectrometry

Analysis of the carbon disulphide extracts of nine samples of UK coal-maceral concentrates by ¹H highresolution n.m.r. spectroscopy, gas-liquid chromatography and field-desorption mass spectrometry indicates the presence of components with a wide molecular weight range extending up to 1200 amu; these are attributed to n-alkanes up to ≈C₅₀ and highly condensed polynuclear aromatic compounds.     

Hollow fiber membrane contactor as a gas-liquid model contactor

Microporous hollow fiber gas-liquid membrane contactors have a fixed and well-defined gas-liquid interfacial area. The liquid flow through the hollow fiber is laminar, thus the liquid side hydrodynamics are well known. This allows the accurate calculation of the fiber side physical mass transfer coefficient from first principles. Moreover, in the case of gas-liquid membrane contactor, the gas-liquid exposure time can be varied easily and independently without disturbing the gas-liquid interfacial area. These features of the hollow fiber membrane contactor make it very suitable as a gas-liquid model contactor and offer numerous advantages over the conventional model contactors. The applicability and the limitations of this novel model contactor for the determination of physico-chemical properties of non-reactive and reactive gas-liquid systems are investigated in the present work. Absorption of CO₂ into water and into aqueous NaOH solutions are chosen as model systems to determine the physico-chemical properties for non-reactive and reactive conditions, respectively. The experimental findings for these systems show that a hollow fiber membrane contactor can be used successfully as a model contactor for the determination of various gas-liquid physico-chemical properties. Moreover, since the membrane contactor facilitates indirect contact between the two phases, the application of hollow fiber model contactor can possibly be extended to liquid-liquid systems and/or heterogeneous catalyzed gas-liquid systems.