Sicherer und wirtschaftlicher Betrieb von Kraftwerken – Ergebnis der Forschung im Bereich Werkstoffe,Auslegung und Instandhaltung

Safe and Economic Operation of Power Plants – Research Results in the Field of Materials, Design and Maintenance Components of power plants which undergo high temperatures are subjected to complex loading situations. The requirements on the used materials result from the special operation conditions of the plants and have to be adjusted to the steadily growing requirements on higher efficiency of the complete power plant as well as to those of safe and economic operation. The expenses for control and downtimes are directly connected with economic efficiency and availability. However, in case of new procedures or components it is not possible to revert to the existing know‐how. Different failure mechanisms than known before can occur. The same goes for the load situation. Therefore the knowledge base has to be extended to in‐advance or even parallely running scientific examinations that life assessment and maintenance strategies can be applied which guarantee the operational reliability and the efficiency of the plant. The main emphasis of these F&E works has to be put on condition monitoring based on actual operational data, the standard materials’ and component’s behaviour (deformation, damage and failure behaviour) in connection with design of components and the related material laws. In the framework of applied AVIF projects, following problems are handled:. – qualification of materials by determinating parameters related to practise. – optimal design of components by making available material laws and numerical tools. – economic manufacturing of components by qualifying processing methods such as welding. – The results can be transferred to concepts for safe and economic operation of power plants, especially for newly introduced materials for which there is no operational experience available.     

松辽流域初始水权分配中确定政府预留水量的研究

介绍了松辽流域水权初始分配中政府预留水量问题的系统研究。首先给出了政府预留水量的确定原则和预留优先级，然后提出一种政府预留水量双侧耦合分析方法，通过政府预留水量的需求与可能两个侧面，采用“自下而上”的预留需求与“自上而下”的可预留水量双侧耦合分水模式。通过大量的分析和计算，得出了松辽流域不同水平年、不同频率的政府预留水量。分析和应用结果表明，该方法是可行的，可为流域初始水权分配提供一种有效的技术方法。     

基于Petri网的供需链设计优化研究

供需链设计优化问题由于其自身的复杂性而成为一个极具挑战性的研究课题。本文把Petri网与遗传算法结合起来，用于研究供需链设计优化，构建一个供需链原型测试系统，并对小汽车制造供需链系统进行了实例分析。     

内燃机车临时补水设备的设计与应用

针对内燃机车“途中缺水”故障 ,设计并安装临时补水设备 ,解决了电化区段临时补水的问题 ,满足了内燃机车“不停车、不停机”即可补水的要求。     

纳秒级上升时间的高压脉冲群电源

按照IEC 61000-4-4/GB 17626.4—1998的要求，首先应用PSPICE仿真确定电路中各元件的参数值，然后基于拉普拉斯变换用MATLAB求解二阶电路验证各元件参数。在此基础上研制了一台以开关电源作为高压直流电源、以氢闸流管作为主控开关的脉冲群电源。该电源体积小、重量轻、效率高、成本低廉。试验结果表明，其输出信号符合标准要求，可用于快速瞬变脉冲群抗扰度试验。     

浅谈开关电源中的平面变压器

与传统变压器相比较,使用平面变压器可以提高开关电源的功率密度,减小开关电源中磁性元件的体积。因此,近年来平面变压器被广泛地研究。文章介绍了平面变压器的结构,将平面变压器与传统变压器进行比较,分析综述了平面变压器在当今开关电源发展应用的优势和前景,并进一步说明了平面变压器中绕组间距选择,绕组交叉技术及PCB绕组设计等要点。     

贵冶三期配料仓皮带秤改造

本文从原理、结构及特点分析了贵冶配料仓皮带秤由机械式皮带秤改为电子式皮带秤的必要性及效果。     

Cost effectiveness of decentralized energy supply systems taking solar and wind utilization plants into account

In this article, results are presented of annual simulations of a decentralized (regional) plant for the power and heat supply of a residential complex. This complex consists of four houses with 40 flats all in all. The annual power consumption of the complex is 157 MWh and the heat requirement is 325 MWh. The concrete dynamics of the energy demands over the year is taken into consideration. The energy supply system is composed of a power-controlled combined heat and power (CHP) plant (55 kW), a photovoltaic plant (PV array or PV plant) array for power generation as well as a field of solar thermal collectors with a short-term accumulator for water heating and a long-term accumulator for supplying heat for domestic heating purposes. Simulation results demonstrate that synergetic effects result from the combination of a CHP plant with wind power and PV plants of varying sizes, which have an effect on the cost effectiveness of the plant as a whole with the different dynamics of energy sources (wind and solar energies) and of the consumption of power and heat being the decisive factors. The power deficits of wind power and PV plants are compensated through the application of a natural gas-operated CHP plant. In almost all variants, the demand for fossil energy carriers is distinctly less than in conventional energy supply plants.     

城市供水管网漏损探讨

就漏损控制这一项复杂的系统工程，详细地介绍了我国城市供水管网的漏损现状，分析了进行漏损控制产生的效益，造成漏损的主要原因及防治措施，提出漏损量的大小是衡量供水管网技术技术和运行的重要指标。     

回转窑供电装置改造

本阐述了回转窑供电装置存在的缺陷，亦即改造过程和改造后的效果。