气化炉改用脱油沥青原料系统结垢原因分析及对策

针对气化炉使用脱油沥青过程中出现的结垢问题，重点分析了其原因及机理，介绍了所采取的措施和效果。     

基于专家系统的汽车衡故障传感器判别

传感器是自动化设备的核心部件,传感器故障检测显得尤为重要。针对目前汽车衡维护、检修的困难,为有效准确判断故障传感器,提出了以径向基函数神经网络（RBFNN）预估值的初始化数据库专家系统判别方法。经现场测试准确率达到96%以上,从而有效简单地判定传感器好坏和识别故障传感器的位置。     

基于集成温度传感器的硅微陀螺仪数字化温度补偿研究

提出了一种基于集成温度传感器的硅微陀螺仪数字化温度补偿方法。首先,介绍了集成温度传感器的硅微陀螺仪基本结构原理,分析了硅微陀螺仪动力学方程以及温度变化对硅微陀螺仪谐振频率、品质因数、标度因数和零偏的影响。然后,设计了基于FPGA的硅微陀螺仪数字化补偿电路。最后,经过温度特性实验得到标度因数和零偏随温度变化曲线,建立了温度补偿模型,提出分段温度补偿方法。经过温度补偿后,标度因数和零偏的温度系数分别由316.66×10-6/℃和366.22°/(h·℃)减小为69.67×10-6/℃和115.25°/(h·℃),证明了补偿方法的正确性和可行性。     

新型高效水处理剂的研制

本文简单介绍了2－丙烯酰胺－2－甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）的性能及应用，工业循环冷动水处理中阻垢剂的发展历史与最新进展。并首次以马来酸酐（MA）、AMPS、NaH2PO2为单体，水为溶剂、过硫酸氨为引发剂合成低磷含量的膦羧酸共调聚物，探讨了单体配比为n(MA):n(AMPS)=2:1,m(NaH2PO2):m(MA AMPS)=10:100时反应温度，反应时间对合成产品的影响。     

工业聚合反应装置—Ⅶ.悬浮聚合反应器（下）

讨论了悬浮聚合反应器的放大问题及计算机控制技术，介绍了具有预分散器的悬浮聚合反应器和连续悬浮聚合反应器。     

一体化锅炉水处理剂的制备及性能研究

利用自制SW-56共聚物，复配有机磷酸盐和焦亚硫酸钠除氧剂及消泡剂，成功制备XF-4一体化锅炉水处理剂。对XF-4锅炉水处理剂的阻垢、缓蚀进行了试验研究，表明其具有优良的阻垢能力，可以明显抑制热水锅炉积垢现象；加入改性除氧剂能降低锅炉水中溶解氧的含量，使腐蚀控制较理想；配方中的消泡剂组分可防止锅炉水表面起泡，抑制高悬浮物下的携带作用。     

冶钢宾馆中央空调的化学清洗

通过对中央空调冷冻水、冷却水两个系统结垢原因的分析，简单论述了化学清洗的机理、方式方法，以及清洗在维护中央空调系统正常运行中的重要性。     

Understanding heterogeneous catalysis on an atomic scale: a combined surface science and reactivity investigation for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene over iron oxide catalysts

In order to study the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene, epitaxial iron oxide model catalyst films with Fe₃O₄(111), -Fe₂O₃(0001) and KFe _x O _y (111) stoichiometry were prepared in single crystal quality on Pt(111). They were investigated using surface science techniques before and after atmospheric pressure reaction experiments in a newly designed single crystal flow reactor. As expected from low-pressure measurements, Fe₃O₄(111) is catalytically inactive. The catalytic activity of -Fe₂O₃(0001) starts after an activation period of about 45 min. After that, the surface is essentially clean but shows a high concentration of defects. On the potassium-promoted films, however, the activation period is much longer, the activity then is higher and the surface gets covered completely with carbon and oxygen during reaction. This indicates a different reaction pathway on the promoted films with a carbon–oxygen species as catalytically active species.     

流域规划时空数据管理关键技术研究

针对流域规划工作中存在专业模型计算数据格式众多、时空数据分离、包含时间和空间信息的多方案对比不直观等问题,对流域规划中数据管理关键技术进行了研究。利用水资源分区和行政区划组合出了"流域-子流域-计算分区"不同层次的空间尺度,运用历史年月统计数据、长时间日观测系列数据,预测计算出了从规划基准年到近、远期规划水平年间不同时间粒度的成果,按照"数据集-对象图层-要素"的组织形式存储于关系型数据库中,用以构建厄瓜多尔流域规划时空数据库,实现了多格式数据集成化管理、不同尺度时空数据的整合以及多方案成果的直观表达,增加了流域规划工作中数据多样化分析的应用方式,提升了数据分析及其应用的自动化程度,通过对时空数据变化的直观模拟,提升了对比分析的工作效率。     

Decentralized control: Status and outlook

This paper reviews state of the art in the area of decentralized networked control systems with an emphasis on event-triggered approach. The models or agents with the dynamics of linear continuous-time time-invariant state-space systems are considered. They serve for the framework for network phenomena within two basic structures. The I/O-oriented systems as well as the interaction-oriented systems with disjoint subsystems are distinguished. The focus is laid on the presentation of recent decentralized control design and co-design methods which offer effective tools to overcome specific difficulties caused mainly by network imperfections. Such side-effects include communication constraints, variable sampling, time-varying transmission delays, packet dropouts, and quantizations. Decentralized time-triggered methods are briefly discussed. The review is deals mainly with decentralized event-triggered methods. Particularly, the stabilizing controller–observer event-based controller design as well as the decentralized state controller co-design are presented within the I/O-oriented structures of large scale complex systems. The sampling instants depend in this case only on a local information offered by the local feedback loops. Minimum sampling time conditions are discussed. Special attention is focused on interaction-oriented system architecture. Model-based approach combined with event-based state feedback controller design is presented, where the event thresholds are fully decentralized. Finally, several selected open decentralized control problems are briefly offered as recent research challenges.