Origin and early evolution of vertebrate skeletonization

Data from living and extinct faunas of primitive vertebrates imply very different scenarios for the origin and evolution of the dermal and oral skeletal developmental system. A direct reading of the evolutionary relationships of living primitive vertebrates implies that the dermal scales, teeth, and jaws arose synchronously with a cohort of other characters that could be considered unique to jawed vertebrates: the dermoskeleton is primitively composed of numerous scales, each derived from an individual dental papilla; teeth are primitively patterned such that they are replaced in a classical conveyor-belt system. The paleontological record provides a unique but complementary perspective in that: 1) the organisms in which the skeletal system evolved are extinct and we have no recourse but to fossils if we aim to address this problem; 2) extinct organisms can be classified among, and in the same way as, living relatives; 3) a holistic approach to the incorporation of all data provides a more complete perspective on early vertebrate evolution. This combined approach is of no greater significance than in dealing with the origin of the skeleton and, combined with recent discoveries and new phylogenetic analyses, we have been able to test and reject existing hypotheses for the origin of the skeleton and erect a new model in their place.     

Enhancing effective depth-of-field by image fusion using mathematical morphology

Reduced depth-of-field (DOF) poses a problem in the light optical imaging system, since the objects present outside this zone appear blurry in the recorded image. The effective DOF of the sensor may be enhanced considerably without compromising the quality of the image by fusing images captured with different focused regions. This paper presents an image fusion technique suitable for combining multifocus images of a scene. The method employs morphological filters to select sharply focused regions from various images and then combines them together to reconstruct the image in which all the regions are properly focused. A performance measure based on image gradients is used to compare the results obtained by the proposed method with those obtained by other image fusion techniques.     

基于故障暂态和数学形态学的超高速线路方向保护

引入数学形态学以提高基于故障暂态的超高速线路方向保护的动作性能。在获取连接在同一母线上的各条输电线路暂态电流信号的基础上，采用数学形态学分析其极性和能量以确定故障方向。仿真结果证明，该方法适用于识别发生在输电线路不同位置的各种故障。该方案对处理器的采样率、处理能力和速度几乎没有额外的要求，具有很好的实用性。与传统保护算法相比，基于MG的TBDP具有更高的可靠性和较少的计算量，同时具有更快的故障响应能力和更高的灵敏性。     

动态核的形态联想记忆网络在灰度图中的应用

介绍了应用于灰度图像的联想记忆和识别的动态核方法,给出了动态核选择的原则和途径。利用动态核可以解决灰度图像在含有随机噪声时的自联想记忆和识别问题,从而给出了一种较好地处理含噪灰度图像恢复的途径。通过实验,验证了该方法的良好性能,取得了较理想的结果。     

Reading the footprints of strained islands

We report on recent advances in the understanding of surface processes occurring during growth and post-growth annealing of strained islands which may find application as self-assembled quantum dots. We investigate the model system SiGe/Si(0 0 1) by a new approach based on “reading the footprints” which islands leave on the substrate during their growth and evolution. Such footprints consist of trenches carved in the Si substrate. We distinguish between surface footprints and footprints buried below the islands. The former allow us to discriminate islands which are in the process of growing from those which are shrinking. Islands with steep morphologies grow at the expense of smaller and shallower islands, consistent with the kinetics of anomalous coarsening. While shrinking, islands change their shape according to thermodynamic predictions. Buried footprints are investigated by removing the SiGe epilayer by means of selective wet chemical etching. Their reading shows that: (i) during post-growth annealing islands move laterally because of surface-mediated Si–Ge intermixing; (ii) a tree-ring structure of trenches is created by dislocated islands during their “cyclic” growth. This allows us to distinguish coherent from dislocated islands and to establish whether the latter are the result of island coalescence.     

一种新颖的模糊形态联想记忆网络

模糊形态联想记忆网络FMAM具有较强的抗膨胀或腐蚀噪声能力，且可以模糊性解释。但抗混合噪声的能力很弱。而在实际中，随机噪声往往是混合型的，既有膨胀又有腐蚀噪声。为此提出了一种基于尺度空间的模糊形态联想记忆网络，并分析了其抗膨胀／腐蚀噪声和抗随机噪声的能力，它提高了自联想FMAM的抗随机噪声能力。通过仿真实验验证了该方法具有良好的性能。     

Improving phrase-based statistical machine translation with morphosyntactic transformation

We present a phrase-based statistical machine translation approach which uses linguistic analysis in the preprocessing phase. The linguistic analysis includes morphological transformation and syntactic transformation. Since the word-order problem is solved using syntactic transformation, there is no reordering in the decoding phase. For morphological transformation, we use hand-crafted transformational rules. For syntactic transformation, we propose a transformational model based on a probabilistic context-free grammar. This model is trained using a bilingual corpus and a broad-coverage parser of the source language. This approach is applicable to language pairs in which the target language is poor in resources. We considered translation from English to Vietnamese and from English to French. Our experiments showed significant BLEU-score improvements in comparison with Pharaoh, a state-of-the-art phrase-based SMT system.     

Spiral-fashion embroidery path generation in embroidery CAD systems

The spiral fashion is an important kind of embroidery fashion. In the spiral fashion embroidery, a user-designed region is embroidered with a thread along a uniform spiral path whose shape is similar to the region's contours. An approach which can automatically generate this kind of embroidery path is proposed in this paper. In this approach, the region is decomposed into several ring-shaped sub-regions at first. Then these sub-regions are organized into a binary tree and the spiral lines in these sub-regions are connected to form a single path.     

A New Text Location Approach Based Wavelet

With the advancement of content-based retrieval technology, the importance of semantics for text information contained in images attracts many researchers. An algorithm which will automatically locate the textual regions in the input image will facilitate     

基于形态学的快速拐点检测统一模型

拐点检测一直是计算机的视觉和图像处理中的关键问题，传统方法是通过计算曲率来实现拐点的检测，其要求准确定位拐点所在局部区域的位置，并易受到噪声干扰，为此提出了一种的新的基于形态骨架的快速拐眯检测方法，该方法基于物体条件骨架原理，采用改进的非对称开运算算子，并利用内外骨架分别实现对物体凸点和凹点的检测，以保证对拐点检测的完整性；对于有噪声图象，则采用多刻度形态滤波进行去噪预处理；对拐点给出了统一的检测和实现模型。实验结果表明，该统一算法检测准确度高、具有旋转不变性、计算量小、硬件实现简单，对有噪声干扰图象也能很好地进行检验。