An improved SVD-based watermarking technique for copyright protection

The drawbacks of SVD-based image watermarking are false positive, robust and transparency. The former can be overcome by embedding the principal components of the watermark into the host image, the latter is dependent on how much the quantity (i.e., scaling factor) of the principal components is embedded. For the existing methods, the scaling factor is a fixed value; actually, it is image-dependent. Different watermarks need the different scaling factors, although they are embedded in the same host image. In this paper, two methods are proposed to improve the reliability and robustness. To improve the reliability, for the first method, the principal components of the watermark are embedded into the host image in discrete cosine transform (DCT); and for the second method, those are embedded into the host image in discrete wavelets transform (DWT). To improve the robustness, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used for finding the suitable scaling factors. The experimental results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed methods outperforms than those of the existing methods.     

世界耐除草剂转基因作物的发展及问题

介绍了耐除草剂转基因作物的发展概况及存在问题，以及它们的解决措施。     

基于Matlab的0-1背包问题的动态规划方法求解

背包问题是经典的NP-hard组合优化问题之一,在经济管理、资源分配、投资决策、装载设计等领域有着重要的应用价值。文中用动态规划方法解决0-1背包问题,通过在Matlab6.5环境下对其算法进行测试和与其他方法对比分析,表明应用该方法可节省大量的计算时间,因而具有更高运行效率。     

The generalized Riemann problem method for the shallow water equations with bottom topography

This paper extends the generalized Riemann problem method (GRP) to the system of shallow water equations with bottom topography. The main contribution is that the generalized Riemann problem method (J. Comput. Phys. 1984; 55 (1):1–32) is used to evaluate the midpoint values of solutions at each cell interface so that the bottom topography effect is included in numerical fluxes, and at the same step the source term is discretized with an interface method in which only mid‐point values are plugged in. This scheme is well balanced between the flux gradient and bottom topography when incorporating the surface gradient method (SGM) (J. Comput. Phys. 2001; 168 (1):1–25) into data reconstruction step, and it is also suitable for both steady and unsteady flow simulations. We illustrate the accuracy of this scheme by several 1‐D and 2‐D numerical experiments. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

“两课”改革必须处理好的几个问题

长期以来，两课的教学效果不尽如人意，这既有两课的课程设置和教学内容选择方面的问题，也有教学的方式方法问题。只有正确处理好“做人的学问”和“做事的学问”；马克思主义理论与人文素质教育；国家意志和学生需要；教学与科研等方面的关系，两课教学才能充分发挥其在培养具有中国特色社会主义事业的建设者和接班人中的应有作用。     

大气监测仪器的发展及检定中的问题探讨

本文叙述了大气监测仪器的起源发展过程,分析在检定工作中存在的问题,讨论了解决办法。     

武钢二炼钢厂炉机匹配系统算法研究

武钢集团第二炼钢厂的炉机匹配系统可简化为两道工序的车间作业排程问题。其问题的关键在于合理调配3台转炉的工作时段以满足4台铸机的不间断运转。本文提出了一种快速有效的算法——压缩-扩张算法，为整个系统的最后实现，提供了最关键的支持。     

关于最佳鉴别特征维数问题的讨论

该文对最佳鉴别特征的最佳维数问题进行了详细的讨论．文章首先对最佳维数问题进行了界定，然后指出了两种最佳特征维数为c-1维的情况即以某些基于矩的可分性判据(准则函数)为优化目标的最优特征和以某些特殊的分类器错误率为优化目标的最优特征．最后该文运用方差分析法对最佳鉴别特征进行特征选择使之代入最小距离分类器后识别率最大．     

可持续发展与环境保护对策

可持续发展战略已被纳入我国“九五”计划和２０１０年的中长期国民经济和社会发展计划，而保护环境是可持续发展战略最主要的前提和保障。本文介绍了世界环境问题出现的历史、可持续发展的提出及内涵，概述了发展与环境的辩证关系，结合我国可持续发展面临的严峻环境保护形势，提出环境保护的对策。     

一种快速压缩遗传算法及其仿真研究

给出了压缩遗传算法的模式定理以及收敛性和运算参数的分析，并提出一种快速压缩遗传算法(fcGA)．该算法用压缩遗传算法(cGA)运行少量代数得到的概率值及其运行代数组成一个观测样本，借助于统计学中的最小二乘法估算几万代以后的概率值，组成新的概率矩阵并根据该矩阵产生新的个体，用这些新的个体更新概率矩阵．旅行商问题(TSP)的仿真证明，该算法是一种十分高效的遗传算法．