考虑建议零售价的双渠道供应链批发价格模式选择

对由制造商网络直销渠道和零售商传统渠道构成的双渠道供应链系统进行研究。首次在建议零售价背景下研究了批发价格模式选择问题,运用制造商主导的Stackelberg博弈,得出了供应链各成员的价格均衡策略。综合考虑零售商谈判能力和和消费者对渠道的偏好度,对比分析了不同批发价谈判模式下的制造商利润、零售商利润和供应链利润。结果表明,制造商可通过建议零售价调整市场价格;从供应链总体或者零售商角度,以直销价格为基准确定批发价格是最优的;制造商倾向于单独确定批发价格,但当零售商谈判能力较弱,且网络渠道基本市场份额偏大时,也可接受以网络直销价为基准确定批发价格。     

Robust consensus algorithm for multi-agent systems with exogenous disturbances under convergence conditions

In this paper, a robust consensus algorithm is developed and sufficient conditions for convergence to consensus are proposed for a multi-agent system (MAS) with exogenous disturbances subject to partial information. By utilizing H_∞ robust control, differential game theory and a design-based approach, the consensus problem of the MAS with exogenous bounded interference is resolved and the disturbances are restrained, simultaneously. Attention is focused on designing an H_∞ robust controller (the robust consensus algorithm) based on minimisation of our proposed rational and individual cost functions according to goals of the MAS. Furthermore, sufficient conditions for convergence of the robust consensus algorithm are given. An example is employed to demonstrate that our results are effective and more capable to restrain exogenous disturbances than the existing literature.     

Oil supply between OPEC and non-OPEC based on game theory

The competing strategies between OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) and non-OPEC producers make the oil supply market a complex system, and thus, it is very difficult to model and to make predictions. In this paper, we combine the macro-model based on game theory and micro-model to propose a new approach for forecasting oil supply. We take into account the microscopic behaviour in the clearing market and also use the game relationships to adjust oil supplies in our approach. For the supply model, we analyse and consider the different behaviour of non-OPEC and OPEC producers. According to our analysis, limiting the oil supply, and thus maintaining oil price, is the best strategy for OPEC in the low-price scenario, while the rising supply is the best strategy in the high-price scenario. No matter what the oil price is, the dominant strategy for non-OPEC producers is to increase their oil supply. In the high-price scenario, OPEC will try to deplete non-OPEC’s share in the oil supply market, which is to OPEC’s advantage.     

A distributed solution to the network reconstruction problem

It has been recently shown in Ren et al. (2010) that by collecting noise-contaminated time series generated by a coupled-oscillator system at each node of a network, it is possible to robustly reconstruct its topology, i.e. determine the graph Laplacian. Restricting ourselves to linear consensus dynamics over undirected communication networks, in this paper we introduce a new dynamic average consensus least-squares algorithm to locally estimate these time series at each node, thus making the reconstruction process fully distributed and more easily applicable in the real world. We also propose a novel efficient method for separating the off-diagonal entries of the reconstructed Laplacian, and examine several concepts related to the trace of the dynamic correlation matrix of the coupled single integrators, which is a distinctive element of our network reconstruction method. The theory is illustrated with examples from computer, power and transportation systems.     

Effects of hydrological changes on cooperation in transnational catchments: the case of the Syr Darya

Water allocation along the Syr Darya River may be affected by climate change. Here we statistically model cooperation strategies, country profits, and sensitivity of cooperation, showing that the hydrological regime affects transboundary cooperation. Climate change in the twenty-first century may reduce glacial cover, and reducing stream flows, decreasing chances of cooperation and potentially raising conflicts. Comparison with other transboundary catchments in Central Asia indicates moderate-to-high risk of conflicts for the Syr Darya. A template is provided for assessment of the stability of cooperation in the Syr Darya basin, and in catchments similarly dependent on water availability.     

Decentralized control: Status and outlook

This paper reviews state of the art in the area of decentralized networked control systems with an emphasis on event-triggered approach. The models or agents with the dynamics of linear continuous-time time-invariant state-space systems are considered. They serve for the framework for network phenomena within two basic structures. The I/O-oriented systems as well as the interaction-oriented systems with disjoint subsystems are distinguished. The focus is laid on the presentation of recent decentralized control design and co-design methods which offer effective tools to overcome specific difficulties caused mainly by network imperfections. Such side-effects include communication constraints, variable sampling, time-varying transmission delays, packet dropouts, and quantizations. Decentralized time-triggered methods are briefly discussed. The review is deals mainly with decentralized event-triggered methods. Particularly, the stabilizing controller–observer event-based controller design as well as the decentralized state controller co-design are presented within the I/O-oriented structures of large scale complex systems. The sampling instants depend in this case only on a local information offered by the local feedback loops. Minimum sampling time conditions are discussed. Special attention is focused on interaction-oriented system architecture. Model-based approach combined with event-based state feedback controller design is presented, where the event thresholds are fully decentralized. Finally, several selected open decentralized control problems are briefly offered as recent research challenges.     

试谈中职游戏动漫专业对美工设计课程的能力要求

阐述了中职学校美工设计课程在教学设置中存在的问题,提出了相应的观点,论述了在中职学校美工设计课程的定位,培养具有一定综合素质和一技之长的中职学生。同时指出了传统的的教学课程结构已经不适应当今社会对人才培养目标的需要,必须进行课程改革,以适应社会发展的需求。     

试谈在中职游戏设计类专业进行游戏引擎教学研究

中职类学校的游戏设计类专业,应该让学生学习些简单的游戏引擎设计,让学生能全面感知游戏的构成,从而有利于学生的就业和未来的再学习。     

Integrated Game Based Guidance with Nonlinear Autopilot Design for Maneuvering Target Interception

The integrated game theory based guidance law with nonlinear autopilot (GGNA) system is presented in this paper. The guidance law is designed based on linear differential game theory while considering the motion of the target in 3‐D space such that the distance between the missile and the target is minimized faster than before. The autopilot system based on quaternion representation is developed using sliding mode control method to generate the attitude command. The stability of the integrated guidance and nonlinear autopilot system is analyzed with Lyapunov stability theory. In addition, this research assumes wingless missiles in our context in order to reduce the nonlinear effect from the aerodynamics. Furthermore, in order to extend the operation range of missiles from endo‐atmosphere to exo‐atmosphere, the missiles are equipped with Thrust Vector Control (TVC) mechanisms and Divert Control System (DCS). Finally, extensive simulations incorporating aerodynamic models are demonstrated to verify the validity of the proposed integrated guidance/autopilot systems. Moreover, the simulation results reveal that the mission of intercepting a maneuvering target is successfully accomplished.     

基于条件风险价值的零售商创新投资决策研究

研究了由风险中性制造商和风险规避零售商构成的供应链创新投资问题。通过运用条件风险价值（CVaR）对企业的风险偏好进行测度,构建了分散供应链和集中供应链两种情况下的企业决策模型,并根据数值实验对模型作了进一步的分析。研究结果表明：零售商越担心风险,其对创新的投入越少,并会减少销售量以应对市场风险,从而使得供应链的整体收益下降;分散供应链下的创新投入、销售量和供应链的期望收益低于集中供应链下的创新投入、销售量和供应链的期望收益。施行收益共享契约后,分散供应链下的创新投入和销售量达到了集中供应链下的决策水平,制造商和零售商的期望收益均得到提高。