溶剂抽提偏三甲苯-正辛烷三元体系液-液相平衡的对比分析

在70℃下采用浊点法分别测定了二甲亚砜、N-甲酰吗啉、四甘醇与偏三甲苯-正辛烷三元体系液-液相平衡数据，得到体系的液-液分层曲线和结点数据，并用液-液分层曲线和体系物性（折光指数、密度）相结合的方法对平衡数据进行了分析。结果表明：溶剂的溶解能力的次序为：N-甲酰吗啉＞二甲驱砜＞四甘醇；溶剂的选择性次序为：二甲亚砜＞四甘醇＞N-甲酰吗啉，三种溶剂中二甲亚砜同时具有较高的溶解能力和选择性，较适合萃取偏三甲苯-正辛烷的混合溶液。研究结果可以为溶剂抽提过程相平衡数据库提供基础数据，并为重芳烃抽提的溶剂选择提供参考。     

GRAPHICAL PROCEDURE FOR REACTIVE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS

In this paper we analyze a ternary reactive distillation system, where an equilibrium chemical reaction occurs in the liquid phase. By using a set of transformed variables proposed by Barbosa el al. (1988b) and well known graphical procedures for non-reactive systems; the minimum reflux ratio, minimum number of equilibrium stages, mass and energy balances for a reactive column and flash can be easily obtained. The procedures developed in this paper are applied to ISOBUTYLENE-METHANOL-MTBE system.

The main objective in developing this model is to obtain, as much as possible, rigorous information for the analysis of one reactive distillation column in a Process Simulator with capability of handling this type of new operation.     

OPTIMIZATION OF PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION EQUIPMENT PART II OPTIMIZATION OF TWO BED OXYGEN GENERATORS

Local equilibrium model described in Part I is used to stimulate both, the steady state operation conditions and transient regime after the start of PSA equipment. The effect of axial dispersion, adsorption isotherm nonlinearity and high pressure level is simulated. On the basis of numerical analysis, the operation of a classical two-bed oxygen generator is compared with two configurations having pressure equalizing step. The optimization strategy of the given PSA equipment has been proposed and the procedure is demonstrated on an example. The scaling-up condition for PSA equipments which can be described by local equilibrium model has been proposed on the basis of the theoretical analysis.     

悬浮床催化精馏合成支链烷基苯的模拟

Suspension catalytic distillation (SCD) has been developed recently as an innovative technology in catalytic distillation. In this paper, a brief introduction to SCD is given and an equilibrium stage (EQ) model is developed to simulate this new process for synthesis of linear alkylbenzene (LAB) from benzene and 1-dodecene.Since non-ideality of this reaction system is not strong, EQ model developed could be applied to it successfully.Simulation results agree well with experimental data, and indicate some characteristics of SCD process as an advanced technology for the production of LAB: 100% conversion of olefins, low temperature (90-100℃) and low benzene/olefin mole ratio.     

H2O-NH3-CO2体系汽液平衡计算

本文给出计算H2O-NH3-CO2三元体系在温度323.15K～473.15K、压力0.2MPa～8.0MPa、液相NH，摩尔分率≤0.3、富氨区条件下汽液平衡的UNIQUAC模型及其参数，模型的计算结果与试验数据吻合。该模型可用于尿素生产装置中蒸发冷凝、循环吸收以及水解精馏等过程的设备计算。     

渗透蒸发均质膜在二元醇/水溶液中的溶胀平衡模型

对交联聚乙烯醇均质膜于全浓度范围的乙二醇／水溶液中分别在60、70和80℃下进行了溶胀平衡实验研究.基于改进的UNIQUAC方程和Flory-Huggins热力学理论，建立了液-膜两相溶胀平衡模型方程，并用该模型方程计算出了水和乙二醇分子在交联聚乙烯醇均质膜中的溶解平衡浓度，其计算结果与实验值吻合良好.     

Effect of cation exchange on the distribution and movement of cations in soils with variable charge. I. Effect of lime on potassium and magnesium exchange equilibria

The influence of Ca(OH)₂ on K and Mg exchange equilibria in three New Zealand soils was studied. Calcium hydroxide was mixed with each soil to raise the pH to about 6 or 7. For each Ca(OH)₂ treatment, K and Mg exchange isotherms were determined, from which the equilibrium activity ratios were derived. Exchange coefficients and solution activity ratios were calculated according to the Gapon convention.The addition of Ca(OH)₂ produced varying effects in the Gapon exchange coefficient for both K and Mg. The magnitude and direction of change in the exchange coefficient were related to the cation initially dominating the exchange sites, rate of Ca(OH)₂ addition, soil colloids contributing to the CEC and specific interactions of Ca with these soil colloids.Addition of Ca(OH)₂ reduced the equilibrium activity ratio of all soils. Changes in the bonding strength of K and Mg with increasing CEC were suggested as a possible mechanism for this decrease.     

PH敏感性水凝胶的分子热力学模型

本工作是在非离子凝胶的分子热力学模型基础，引入Ｄｏｎｎａｎ平衡项和大分子离子链的静电排斥项对凝胶自由能的贡献，建立了一个新的离子凝胶的分子热力学模型。该模型在解释离子凝胶的ＰＨ敏感性及其各种影响因素，以及预测ＰＨ溶胀曲线方面都取得了较好的效果。     

碱土金属在萃取剂与树脂间反应平衡常数的测定

研究了碱土金属离子在Ｄ００１树脂与８－羟基喹啉三氯甲烷溶液间的平衡常数Ｏ－ｔＫ的测定。其值依Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ次序减小。并得出萃取剂浓度［ＨＡ］。与金属离子在两相分配的关系。     

环氧丙烷-苯乙酮二元体系的恒温汽液平衡研究

采用改进的“p x法”汽液平衡测定装置测定二物质沸点差达 167.7℃的环氧丙烷 苯乙酮二元体系在3 0 0K、 3 0 5K下的p x数据 ;并用直接法计算确定平衡汽相组成y。