光栅型成像光谱仪杂散光校正技术研究

成像光谱仪中杂散光的存在会导致光谱测量误差,对杂散光的校正可以得到精确的测量结果。采用He-Ne激光器测出成像光谱仪的点扩展函数,假设成像光谱仪是线性波长不变系统的前提下,构建光谱函数矩阵,确定影响波长权重,再通过带宽校正矩阵对其进行带宽校正,从而对仪器测量中的杂散光误差进行校正。最后,通过实验表明此杂散光的修正方法基本上消除了杂散光对测量信号的影响。     

聚砜微球的制备及应用

通过W/O/W型双重乳液法制备聚砜(PSF)微球。研究聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、油酸(OA)、吐温80,这些油相表面活性剂对微球形成的影响。并根据微球形貌的变化来检测水中的有机污染物。结果表明:利用油酸(OA)作为表面活性剂,可以得到蜂窝状聚砜微球。并且其对水中的N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)有极端的敏感反应(NMP/水,1/107)。     

基于各向异性总变分的运动模糊盲复原方法

针对目前运动模糊图像盲复原算法对图像边缘中 拐角结构复原不佳这一问题,提出了一种以各向异性总变分为图像和模糊核正则项的遥感图 像盲 复原方法。为便于进行数值计算,采用交叉算法和分裂布雷格曼迭代导出了本文提出的盲复 原方法的迭 代公式。实验结果表明,与基于同向异性总变分的盲复原方法以及基于小波框架的盲复原方 法相 比,本文方法不仅能估算出较精确的点扩散函数(PSF,point sp read function),有效地 去除图像的模糊效应,而且对图像边缘结构特别是拐角边缘结构的增强有着独特的优势。     

Development of a novel starch-derived porous silica monolith for enhancing the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drug

A novel starch-derived porous silica monolith (PSM) and porous starch foam (PSF) were developed as a carrier in order to improve the dissolution of lovastatin. PSM was prepared by the starch gel template method and PSF was prepared by the solvent exchange method. The morphology and structure of PSM and PSF were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis. Lovastatin was loaded into PSM and PSF by immersion/solvent evaporation. Nano-pore spatial confinement effect on the drug dissolution was systematically studied by SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravametric analysis (TGA), x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and in-vitro drug dissolution studies. Lovastatin adsorbed in PSM was amorphous and lovastatin absorbed on PSF was partially present as microcrystal in the pores of PSF and partially in crystalline form distributed on the surface of PSF. PSM and PSF allowed immediate release of lovastatin and enhanced the dissolution rate. These results provide important information about the mechanism of drug adsorption and release. Accordingly, PSM and PSF have a promising future as a vehicle for the oral delivery of poorly water soluble drugs. Moreover, the effect of PSM is better than that of PSF.     

聚砜超滤膜表面辐照改性研究

以聚砜为膜材料,聚乙二醇(PEG)为添加剂,采用浸入沉淀相转化法制备聚砜平板超滤膜,然后对实验制备的聚砜膜进行紫外辐照改性,考察了辐照对聚砜膜结构和性能的影响,研究了膜辐照前后断裂强度的变化,通过表面接触角测定仪、红外分析仪(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、改性膜的纯水通量和截留性能等方法来表征膜辐照前后的结构和性能变化.研究表明:聚砜膜断裂强度经辐照后变小,但降低幅度不大;在乙醇溶液中紫外辐照后,开始纯水通量提高而截留率降低,但降低幅度不大,时间增加到一定时通量又降低,截留率变化也不大;表面接触角随辐照时间的增长而减小,表明改性后膜表面的亲水性得到明显改善;通过FTIR分析证实在聚砜膜表面产生了新的官能团;SEM实验证实反应只发生在聚砜膜的表面而非膜内部.聚砜超滤膜经紫外辐照改性取得了良好的效果.     

PAA—PSF交联复合膜对有机物水溶液反渗透分离性能的研究

本文研究了ＰＡＡ－ＰＳＦ交联复合膜对有机醇，酸，胺，醛，酮，脂等水溶液的反渗透分离性能。结果表明，ＰＡＡ－ＰＳＦ交承复合膜对有机醇，胺和醛类水溶液有很很好的反渗透分离性能，对乙醇，乙胺和乙醛水溶液的截留率分别为６６．２％，５１％和８４％，且随分子量的增大，截留率不断上升。     

基于LMS自适应算法的图像去模糊研究

传统单幅图像去模糊方法需要稀疏先验约束,导致计算量较大。为此,在自适应最小均方误差(LMS)算法的基础上,提出一种点扩散函数(PSF)估计方法。利用模糊图像得到有效突出边缘,作为自适应滤波器的输入信号,并将模糊图像作为滤波器的期望信号,用以估计PSF。在非盲去卷积过程中,采用各项异性正规化方法对清晰图像进行约束,以减少恢复图像的振铃效应。实验结果表明,该方法不需要先验约束,对运动和非运动模糊图像均可适用,在保留图像细节的同时能抑制平滑区域的噪声。     

基于改进POCS算法的图像重建

利用传统凸集投影(POCS)算法进行图像超分辨率重建时,重建图像的边缘会产生振荡效应。针对该问题,提出一种改进的POCS算法。分析边缘振荡效应产生的原因,根据图像边缘两侧像素差值较大的特点,加权约束中心在边缘像素的点扩散函数,以减少边缘另一侧像素对当前像素的影响。实验结果表明,该算法能消除边缘振荡效应,提高重建图像的峰值信噪比。     

Recombination and Pol ζ Rescue Defective DNA Replication upon Impaired CMG Helicase—Pol ε Interaction

The CMG complex (Cdc45, Mcm2–7, GINS (Psf1, 2, 3, and Sld5)) is crucial for both DNA replication initiation and fork progression. The CMG helicase interaction with the leading strand DNA polymerase epsilon (Pol ε) is essential for the preferential loading of Pol ε onto the leading strand, the stimulation of the polymerase, and the modulation of helicase activity. Here, we analyze the consequences of impaired interaction between Pol ε and GINS in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells with the psf1-100 mutation. This significantly affects DNA replication activity measured in vitro, while in vivo, the psf1-100 mutation reduces replication fidelity by increasing slippage of Pol ε, which manifests as an elevated number of frameshifts. It also increases the occurrence of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) gaps and the demand for homologous recombination. The psf1-100 mutant shows elevated recombination rates and synthetic lethality with rad52Δ. Additionally, we observe increased participation of DNA polymerase zeta (Pol ζ) in DNA synthesis. We conclude that the impaired interaction between GINS and Pol ε requires enhanced involvement of error-prone Pol ζ, and increased participation of recombination as a rescue mechanism for recovery of impaired replication forks.     

聚硅铁混凝去除腐殖酸的研究

考察了聚硅铁(PSF)对腐殖酸(HA)的去除效果及影响因素,并与聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、硫酸铁[Fe_2(SO_4)_3]进行了比较.结果表明,当5PSF对HA的去除效果最好,且对HA的去除率随PSF投量的增加而增大,去除率可高达85%以上.与传统的混凝剂PFS和Fe_2(SO_4)_3相比,PSF可显著提高对HA的去除效果和絮体的沉降性能.