基于MDA的地理信息系统开发方法

从模型驱动开发的角度研究如何利用模型驱动体系结构(MDA)指导地理信息系统(GIS)建设。对OMG的模型驱动架构作了研究,分析了MDA的系统架构和核心技术,并结合地理信息相关标准、规范,提出一种利用MDA技术实现GIS领域建模,模型转换和应用开发的方法。该方法提高了软件开发效率、增强了系统的跨平台互操作性、可移植性、平台无关性和易维护性。     

PSM高频逆变电源在金属针布热处理中的应用

根据金属针布热处理工艺的要求,采用脉冲均匀密度调制(Pulse-SymmetricalModulated,PSM)功率控制串联谐振式DC/AC逆变器,设计了100kHz/5kW金属针布高频感应热处理电源。逆变器采用全桥串联谐振式电路,具有变频和功率调节两个功能。逆变器的开关管按照PSM的控制策略实现功率控制;逆变器跟踪负载谐振频率,控制开关管在零电流下开通和关断,实现零电流和零电压软开关。将本文设计的金属针布高频感应热处理电源应用于实际系统,改变了传统的热处理工艺,具有节能、加热温度均匀等优点。     

A pixel-based regularization approach to inverse lithography

Inverse lithography attempts to synthesize the input mask which leads to the desired output wafer pattern by inverting the forward model from mask to wafer. In this article, we extend our earlier framework for image prewarping to solve the mask design problem for coherent, incoherent, and partially coherent imaging systems. We also discuss the synthesis of three variants of phase shift masks (PSM); namely, attenuated (or weak) PSM, 100% transmission PSM, and strong PSM with chrome. A new two-step optimization strategy is introduced to promote the generation and placement of assist bar features. The regularization framework is extended to guarantee that the estimated PSM have only two or three (allowable) transmission values, and the aerial-image penalty term is introduced to boost the aerial image contrast and keep the side-lobes under control. Our approach uses the pixel-based mask representation, a continuous function formulation, and gradient-based iterative optimization techniques to solve the inverse problem. The continuous function formulation allows analytic calculation of the gradient in O(MNlog (MN)) operations for an M × N pattern making it practically feasible. We also present some results for coherent and incoherent imaging systems with very low k₁ values to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.     

Design and implementation of Single-Buffered routers

A Single-Buffered （SB） router is a router where only one stage of shared buffering is sandwiched between two interconnects in comparison of a Combined Input and Output Queued （CIOQ） router where a central switch fabric is sandwiched between two stages of buffering. The notion of SB routers was firstly proposed by the High-Performance Networking Group （HPNG） of Stanford University, along with two promising designs of SB routers： one of which was Parallel Shared Memory （PSM） router and the other was Distributed Shared Memory （DSM） router. Admittedly, the work of HPNG deserved full credit, but all results presented by them appeared to relay on a Centralized Memory Management Algorithm （CMMA） which was essentially impractical because of the high processing and communication complexity. This paper attempts to make a scalable high-speed SB router completely practical by introducing a fully distributed architecture for managing the shared memory of SB routers. The resulting SB router is called as a Virtual Output and Input Queued （VOIQ） router. Furthermore, the scheme of VOIQ routers can not only eliminate the need for the CMMA scheduler, thus allowing a fully distributed implementation with low processing and commu- nication complexity, but also provide QoS guarantees and efficiently support variable-length packets in this paper. In particular, the results of performance testing and the hardware implementation of our VOIQ-based router （NDSC~ SR1880-TTM series） are illustrated at the end of this paper. The proposal of this paper is the first distributed scheme of how to design and implement SB routers publicized till now.     

模型驱动架构之探讨

模型驱动架构是OMG对于互操作问题提供的一条新的解决途径.文章介绍了模型驱动架构的核心构造、开发流程,以及当前的应用现状.     

增强型移动自主网络MAC层节能机制

在移动自组网中,节点通常采用能量有限的电池来供电,因此如何提高各个节点能量利用率,减少能耗,以延长网络的寿命,成为移动自组网协议中所有协议层的关键问题;为了节省能量,无限局域网标准IEEE802.11在分布式协调功能(DCF)的基础上定义了节能机制PSM,在对现有的802.11PSM协议进行分析和比较后提出一种自适应调整的节能机制EPSM;EPSM |改进了PSM在一个BI周期只能传送一个数据包的模式,大大减少传输延时,并采用中心节点交替苏醒的方式以延长中心节点的生存时间,达到节省能量的目的;通过仿真结果表明EPSM在减少传输时延、减少能耗以及提高节点生存时间等方面较PSM有了较大的提高.     

基于MDA的仿真系统开发架构研究

对象管理组织(OMG)提出的模型驱动架构(MDA)是一种先进的软件开发模式,它将系统的设计和实现相分离,设计出的平台无关模型只需建立一次,然后就可以应用于不同的软件平台。本文首先阐述了MDA的思想,然后将MDA的思想和仿真系统开发相结合,建立了一个三层的参考模型,最后分别给出了仿真模型体系和仿真服务体系的实现方法。     

基于数字控制PSM流限模式的AC-DC变换器

设计了一种应用于反激式AC-DC变换器的控制芯片.为了提高AC-DC变换器的工作稳定性,降低成本,实现全负载范围较高的转换效率,采用PSM流限控制模式.PSM流限控制模式结构简单,可有效降低系统成本.系统根据负载情况分段调节流限值,实现各负载点较高的转换效率,减小输出电压纹波,避免轻载时开关频率进入音频范围.芯片主要采...     

基于PSM技术的70kV/90A高压脉冲电源的研制

在受控核聚变实验中,辅助加热系统采用高功率微波和高能粒子对等离子体进行加热或驱动。这些部件不仅要求为其供电的高压电源稳定度高,而且要求在它们发生打火现象时,保护时间短(<10μs),高压电源对其释放的能量小,否则这些关键部件极易受到损坏。基于脉冲步进调制PSM技术的高压脉冲电源是许多相同的脉冲电源串联并经过特定的调制方式控制,从而实现高压大功率输出。该高压电源有控制方式灵活、输出功率高、功率因数高、稳定度高、响应速度快、保护时间短、故障时系统对负载的释能小等众多优点。尤其保护时该电源系统储能小,时间短,满足各种高功率微波管和加速器的要求。本文分析了基于主回路的三种控制方式,并选取了PSM技术作为最终控制方式。在此基础上,设计并研制了一套基于PSM技术的高压脉冲电源,实验及运行结果表明该高压电源的线路简洁,控制方式灵活,且各项参数均优于现有基于晶闸管器件的高压电源,最高输出参数约为72kV/90A,能够满足辅助加热系统的要求。     

A digitally controlled PWM/PSM dual-mode DC/DC converter

A digitally controlled pulse width modulation/pulse skip modulation(PWM/PSM) dual-mode buck DC/DC converter is proposed.Its operation mode can be automatically chosen as continuous conduction mode (CCM) or discontinuous conduction mode(DCM).The converter works in PSM at DCM and in 2 MHz PWM at CCM.Switching loss is reduced at a light load by skipping cycles.Thus high conversion efficiency is realized in a wide load current.The implementations of PWM control blocks,such as the ADC,the digital pulse width modulator(DPWM) and the loop compensator,and PSM control blocks are described in detail.The parameters of the loop compensator can be programmed for different external component values and switching frequencies, which is much more flexible than its analog rivals.The chip is manufactured in 0.13μm CMOS technology and the chip area is 1.21 mm~2.Experimental results show that the conversion efficiency is high,being 90%at 200 mA and 67%at 20 mA.Meanwhile,the measured load step response shows that the proposed dual-mode converter has good stability.