IGBT器件可靠性评估中建模及参数提取的研究

IGBT器件的失效是与其动态特性相关的复杂过程,涉及到电热机械等多方面因素,如何描述这一过程是掌握器件可靠性的基础。本文从IGBT的导电机理出发,提出采用二极管势垒电容表征其内部寄生电容的方法,建立了IGBT的电路模型,描述其动态特性,并以子电路形式集成到PSPICE软件中。最后进行了模型验证和敏感度分析,结果证实该模型在描述IGBT动态特性方面的效果是可以接受的。     

A rapid hybrid algorithm for image restoration combining parametric Wiener filtering and wave atom transform

Image restoration refers to removal or minimization of known degradations in an image. This includes de-blurring images degraded by the limitations of sensors or source of captures in addition to noise filtering and correction of geometric distortion due to sensors. There are several classical image restoration methods such as Wiener filtering. To find an estimate of the original image, Wiener filter requires the prior knowledge of the degradation phenomenon, the blurred image and the statistical properties of the noise process. In this work, we propose a new rapid and blind algorithm for image restoration that does not require a priori knowledge of the noise distribution. The degraded image is first de-convoluted in Fourier space by parametric Wiener filtering, and then, it is smoothed by the wave atom transform after setting the threshold to its coefficients. Experiment results are significant and show the efficiency of our algorithm compared with other techniques in use.     

连续因果图的推理及参数学习

因果图理论是利用图形化和直接因果强度来表达知识和因果关系的一种基于概率论的推理方法，而对于连续的因果图连接事件的概率密度函数（或可能性密度函数）是连续因果图能进行推理的关键，一般都是假定它们可由领域专家给出。这在实际中很难办到。文章首先给出了连续因果图的推理过程，然后讨论了如何利用已知数据集。在因果图结构已知的条件下利用参数、非参数、半参数化方法估计出连接事件的概率密度函数的途径。     

非均匀环境中的参量多通道目标检测

该文研究了非均匀环境中的参量多通道目标检测,其中,干扰信号用向量自回归(VAR)模型表示,且模型的空域协方差矩阵服从自由度为,均值为Q的复逆Wishart分布。当Q未知时,文章根据纽曼皮尔逊(NP)准则提出了NP参量自适应匹配滤波器(NP-PAMF),贝叶斯PAMF(B-PAMF)和归一化形式B-NPAMF;当Q已知时,文章根据最大后验概率(MAP)准则提出了MAP-PAMF和归一化形式MAP-NPAMF。结果表明：NP-PAMF和B-PAMF均和有关,当时,B-PAMF趋于经典的PAMF;B-NPAMF与无关,和经典的NPAMF一致。在MAP-PAMF中,空域协方差矩阵的MAP估计由经典估计和先验知识构成,控制后者的权重。最后,文中分析了检测器的复杂度和检测性能。实验表明：贝叶斯的参量检测器具有很好的检测性能,且比归一化检测器的性能优越。     

非均匀环境中分布目标的参量广义似然比检测

在高距离分辨率(HRR)雷达中,目标很可能跨越多个距离门。该文研究了这种分布目标的参量自适应检测。其中,主、辅数据中的干扰信号用随机空域协方差矩阵的向量自回归模型表示。随后,分别根据贝叶斯1步参量广义似然比(B1S-PGLRT)和贝叶斯两步参量广义似然比(B2S-PGLRT)检测准则推导了对应的检测器。前者没有闭式解而后者和经典的参量自适应匹配滤波器(PAMF)具有相似的检测结构,并使用了空域协方差矩阵的最大后验(MAP)估计代替了最大似然估计(MLE)。同时,还给出了B2S-PGLRT的归一化形式。最后,分析了贝叶斯参量检测器的运算步骤和运算复杂度,并通过蒙特卡洛仿真评价了它们的检测性能。结果表明：当训练数据不足时,贝叶斯框架下的参量匹配滤波器比广义似然比性能更好。     

典型线面目标合成孔径雷达参数化成像

在复杂场景(特别是城区场景)合成孔径雷达(SAR)遥感成像中,存在大量线、面目标,如城区中的道路和建筑物边缘等目标,这些线面目标微波散射信号方向性强。传统SAR从单一视角获取场景的散射信息,且传统成像算法均基于点目标模型,使得传统SAR图像中线面目标主要特征表现为一系列的强散射点,而非线散射特征和面散射特征,最终造成SAR图像中目标不连续,SAR图像解译困难。因此,该文通过建立典型线段、三角面元目标的参数化回波模型,对线面目标SAR成像机理进行了深入细致的研究;并基于提出的参数化模型对线面目标进行参数化成像,即首先基于贝叶斯理论和所提的参数化模型对典型的线面目标进行分类判决,随后采用再成像的方式获得有效表征线、面目标散射特征的SAR图像,为线、面目标SAR图像解译提供有效支撑。最后,数值仿真实验成功验证了所提算法的有效性和正确性。      

Investigation of nanotube length effect on the reinforcement efficiency in carbon nanotube based composites

The main goal of this research is to study the tensile behavior of embedded short carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a polymer matrix in presence of van der Waals (vdW) interaction as inter-phase region. A 3D finite element model of a unit cell consisting of capped carbon nanotubes, inter-phase and surrounding polymer is built. The unit cell is subjected to tensile load case to obtain longitudinal Young’s modulus of the investigated cell. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effect of CNT’s length on reinforcement. It is observed that improvement in the Young’s modulus of CNT-composite is negligible for lengths smaller than 100 nm and saturation takes place in larger lengths on the order of 10 μm. Furthermore, a comparison between results obtained for short carbon nanotubes and long carbon nanotube is presented. The efficient length of CNT in form of (10, 10) is obtained at the order of 10 μm. Finally, it was shown that direct use of micromechanics equations for short fibers will overestimate the stiffness. However, employing effective stiffness of equivalent fiber comprising of CNT and its inter-phase instead of high modulus of CNT will lead us to more appropriate results, which are in an acceptable agreement with conventional semi-empirical micromechanics equations.     

实用主义代码70后中国建筑师之建筑数字观

文章指出,70后中国建筑师站在计算机带来的新技术变迁的时代前沿从电脑普及化到电脑计算化,首当其冲受到技术革命带来的设计方法和过程改变的洗礼,从而对数字设计具有敏锐触觉。70后受到的教育延续布扎体系,深悉建筑本质：几何形态、空间、质感,光线和建构。＂建房子＂的迫切需求让70后的数字时代的建筑观具有强烈实用主义的特征,这样的特征给在中国建筑实践和教育中崛起的70后带来了产生新建筑形态语言和思潮可能的机会。     

海上平台矩形容器有限元分析参数化设计

采用VB语言自主开发设计的一款矩形容器有限元分析辅助设计软件(TAPM),通过程序设定矩形容器的相关参数,由程序生成有限元分析软件可自动执行的APDL宏文件,快速实现矩形容器的参数化建模、分析计算及生成分析结果,达到提高设计效率的目的.