H2O(g)对富氧燃烧超细颗粒物生成特性影响

为实现富氧燃烧技术的广泛推广,对煤粉燃烧在富氧气氛下的颗粒物排放特性进行了研究。在1800 K管式炉内进行煤焦燃烧试验,研究了富氧气氛下H₂O(g)体积分数(0、5%、10%、20%、30%)对煤焦燃烧超细颗粒物的影响;采用荷电低压撞击器(ELPI+)获得超细颗粒物质量和数量浓度粒径分布并进行分析。结果表明,H₂O(g)对超细颗粒物质量浓度和数量浓度粒径分布无影响,但会导致超细颗粒物的峰值波动。超细颗粒物总数量由最小粒径超细颗粒物决定,5种水蒸气浓度下EL?PI+第1级撞击器收集到的超细颗粒物数量占比均超过65%。超细颗粒物总质量由最大粒径超细颗粒物决定,5个水蒸气浓度下ELPI+第7级撞击器收集到的超细颗粒物质量占比均超过94%。低H₂O(g)浓度会抑制超细颗粒物生成,H₂O(g)体积分数为5%时的抑制作用最显著;高H₂O(g)浓度会促进超细颗粒物生成。这是因为一方面H₂O(g)与煤焦发生气化反应,使煤焦颗粒周围产生还原性气氛,促进矿物质还原为单质,进一步促进矿物质蒸发;另一方面气化反应是吸热反应,会降低煤焦颗粒燃烧温度,同时H₂O(g)加入也导致烟气热容增加进一步降低,煤焦燃烧温度抑制煤中矿物质的蒸发,导致超细颗粒物生成减少,是2种作用相互竞争的结果。此外,H₂O(g)的加入使超细颗粒物平均粒径增大,0~5%H₂O(g)时超细颗粒物平均粒径增大最迅速。     

GCr15钢激光淬火层的奥氏体晶粒尺寸

ＧＣｒ１５钢激光淬火层的晶粒尺寸可在很大范围内变化，从约３０μｍ到小于２μｍ。以激光光斑为中心，相距越远，晶粒尺寸越细小，晶粒尺寸的变化与激光加热时理论推导的温度场存在对应关系。激光扫描速度对激光淬火层的奥氏体晶粒尺寸有显著的影响，原始组淬火层体晶粒尺寸影响较小，ＧＣｒ１５钢激光淬火层奥氏体晶粒尺寸的研究为激光淬火工艺的制订提供了重要的参考依据。     

Microstructures and Plastic Anisotropy of As—Cast Low Carbon Steel Strips

对比研究了低碳钢带铸材不同处理状态钢带和薄板铸坯中不同位置切片的组织特征、晶体学织构和15％工程应变条件下的塑性异向性．结果表明，带铸材试样中存在{111}与{114}特征织构，织构强度均较弱；铸坯切片中存在{111}与{001}特征织构，并且因局部凝固冷速不同存在明显的织构强度差异．两组低碳钢的法向异向性与平均晶粒尺寸的对数之间尽管均存在线性关系，但斜率明显不同．分析表明法向异向性的晶粒尺寸依存性与钢带中织构的强弱有关，由此提出了“有效织构强度比”的概念，从塑性变形理论的角度解释了微观组织对塑性异向性的影响．     

SOLUTION BEHAVIOUR OF VARIOUS ALLOYING ELEMENTS IN Ni_3Si

The solid solubilities of 15 common alloying elements added to the Ll_2-type intermetalliccompound Ni_3Si at 900°C have been estimated,and their substitution modes have been de-duced from the direction of solubility lobe of the compound.It is shown that the alloyingbehaviours in Ni_3Si are determined by both size and electronic factors,i.e.,the substitutionmode is governed by electronic configuration and solubility by the both.An interactionparameter is presented to describe quantitatively the influence of electronic configuration onsubstitution mode and the solubility limit can be successfully explained together with atom radius.     

Nanocrystalline Nd2Fe14B／α—Fe permanent magnet

Nd8.5Fe75Co5Cu1Zr3Nb1B6.5bonded magnet was prepared by melt-spinning(vs=18m/s)and subsequent heat treatment(670℃，4min).Excellent magnetic properties of the bonded magnet were achieved:Br=0.68T,iHc=620.3kA/m,(BH)max=74kJ/m^3.The addition of Cu and Zr elements shows to be advantageous in improving an intrinsic coercivity and squareness of hysteresis loop,as well as energy product.In has a remarkable remanence enhancement and the isotropic saturation remanence ratio Mr/Ms is 0.83.     

用原料添加法提高钼粉粒度的探讨

叙述了在钼粉的工业化生产条件下采用原料添加法来提高最终粉末粒度，改善原料工艺性能的试验。研究表明：在钼酸铵原料中添加一定组份的钥粉，能有效地改善钼酸铵在动态焙解还原时的分散性和流动性，选择不同的添加量和添加粉粒度，可有效地把钼粉的ＦＳＳＳ粒度从２．５μｍ提高到４．２μｍ，从而可根据用粉要求，选择合适的添加工艺，来制取理想的钼粉。     

用颗粒冲击磨损试验评价热喷涂陶瓷涂层的粒子间结合

热喷涂层中扁平粒子间的结合决定涂层的性能。能评价粒子间结合的简单可靠的方法对于涂层的实际应用具有十分重要的意义。然而采用传统的试验方法如拉伸试验难以获得令人满意的结果。可以预料具有去结合机理的一层接一层去除粒子的试验方法将是有效的。实验证明通过控制测试条件，颗粒冲击磨损试验能够通过去结合机理有效地使涂层产生磨损。本论文提出了陶瓷涂层颗粒冲击磨损的模型，基于涂层受颗粒冲击磨损是因一层层的粒子通过去结合而产生的机理，建立了磨损速度与粒子间结合率的关系。定义为ACT－JP值（磨损速度的倒数）的特征值与粒子间结合率的实验相关性证明了粒子间结合对陶瓷涂层磨损的控制作用和利用颗粒冲击磨损试验评价粒子间结合的可行性。     

Fatigue crack growth resistance of SiC<Subscript>p</Subscript> reinforced Al alloys: Effects of particle size,particle volume fraction,and matrix strength

The main aim of this work was to study the effects of particle size, particle volume fraction, and matrix strength on the long fatigue crack growth resistance of two different grades of Al alloys (Al2124-T1 and Al6061-T1) reinforced with SiC particles. Basically, it was found that an increase in particle volume fraction and particle size increases the fatigue crack growth resistance at near threshold and Paris regimen, with matrix strength having a smaller effect. Near final failure, the stronger and more brittle composites are affected more by static modes of failure as the applied maximum stress intensity factor (K _max) approaches mode I plane strain fracture toughness (K _IC).     

Influence of expandable graphite on fire resistance and water resistance of flame-retardant coatings

Expandable graphite (EG) coating and ammonium polyphosphate-pentaerythritol-melamine (APP-PER-MEL) coating were prepared. Thermal degradation and char formation of the coatings were investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results have shown that the anti-oxidation and fire-resistant properties of expandable graphite coating containing EG with size of 74 μm are better than those of APP-PER-MEL coating. The static immersion test was applied to study water resistance of the coatings, and the fire protection test and mechanical test were used to analyse heat insulation and mechanical properties of coatings before and after water immersion. The fire-resistant and mechanical properties of APP-PER-MEL coating were severely damaged by water immersion, whereas EG coating containing 8.5% EG with size of 74 μm could retain the good fire resistance even after 500 h water immersion.     

铁精矿粒度对球团强度的影响

以大红山、曼南坎和滇滩等精矿的粒度以及膨润土用量和润磨时间为因子,以生球落下强度、生球爆裂温度、预热球抗压强度和焙烧球抗压强度为评价指标,进行了五因子二次回归组合实验研究。结果表明:随着铁精矿小于0.074mm粒级含量的增加,生球爆裂温度下降,预热球和焙烧球抗压强度提高;当铁精矿小于0.074mm粒级含量小于75%(质量分数)时,生球落下强度逐渐上升,当小于0.074mm粒级含量为75%时,生球落下强度达到最大值,之后有下降趋势。并不是铁精矿粒度越细球团强度就会越好,铁精矿粒度还应该满足一个合适的粒度组成。