Correlation between structural and optical properties of 30 nm and 60 nm lead sulfide nanowires

PbS nanowires with 30 nm and 60 nm diameter fabricated under the same condition of electrochemical deposition with sulfuric and oxalic anodic alumina membranes (AAM), respectively, have been successfully prepared in order to study their optical properties in relation to their size. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that the 60 nm PbS nanowire arrays have the same shape with the 30 nm. X-ray diffraction result shows that 60 nm PbS nanowires are crystalline and have a highly (200) preferential orientation like 30 nm ones. UV spectrum considers the nanowire size decrease as the absorption peak shifts to the blue. The quantum confinement effects compared between 30 nm and 60 nm PbS nanowire arrays were observed by the measurements of ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis).     

Coating of TiO2 nanoparticles with PbS thin films and preparation of PbS nanoparticles using a one-pot sonochemical reaction under the multibubble sonoluminescence conditions

Preparations of PbS-coated titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and lead sulfide (PbS) nanoparticles under ultrasonic field at the multibubble sonoluminescence (MBSL) conditions were tested in water solutions. Under the optimal MBSL conditions (20 kHz and 220 W power input), PbS nanoparticles (diameter = 40-50 nm) were prepared by treating lead nitrate and thioacetamide for 20 min in water solutions. The size of PbS nanoparticles was found to be easily increased to about 90 nm in diameter by increasing the reactant concentration twice. A similar sonochemical reaction with TiO₂ nanoparticles (about 20-30 nm in diameter) gave rise to PbS-coated TiO₂ nanoparticles with a core/shell structure. The PbS thin film coating was quite uniform and the average coating depth of PbS on the TiO₂ nanoparticles was about 2-3 nm under the described conditions. It is interesting to note that the coating depth was found to be controlled to 2-10 nm range by increasing the amounts of reactants for Pb and S twice with a sonication time of 30 min.     

Highly Efficient,Bright, and Stable Colloidal Quantum Dot Short‐Wave Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes

Unbalanced charge injection is deleterious for the performance of colloidal quantum dot (CQD) light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) as it deteriorates the quantum efficiency, brightness, and operational lifetime. CQD LEDs emitting in the infrared have previously achieved high quantum efficiencies but only when driven to emit in the low‐radiance regime. At higher radiance levels, required for practical applications, the efficiency decreased dramatically in view of the notorious efficiency droop. Here, a novel methodology is reported to regulate charge supply in multinary bandgap CQD composites that facilitates improved charge balance. The current approach is based on engineering the energetic potential landscape at the supra‐nanocrystalline level that has allowed to report short‐wave infrared PbS CQD LEDs with record‐high external quantum efficiency in excess of 8%, most importantly, at a radiance level of ≈5 W sr^?1 m², an order of magnitude higher than prior reports. Furthermore, the balanced charge injection and Auger recombination reduction has led to unprecedentedly high operational stability with radiance half‐life of 26 068 h at a radiance of 1 W sr^?1 m^?2.     

提高硫化铅红外探测器的探测率和可靠性的有效途径

本文通过对不同结构的硫化铅红外探测器的剖析和性能优劣对比,说明了新型场镜—硫化铅组合结构是提高硫化铅红外探测器的探测率和可靠性的有效途径。     

单模微波水热控制合成PbS纳米晶

以Pb(NO3)2、生物小分子L-半胱氨酸为原料,在室温下生成前驱体,然后采用单模微波水热法在150℃下反应1h,制备出四方形的PbS纳米晶,考察了Pb(NO3)2与L-半胱氨酸的物质的量比对产物形貌的影响。采用XRD和TEM对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征。结果表明,随着Pb2+与L-半胱氨酸的物质的量比增大,纳米PbS颗粒变小,四方形结构越来越明显。初步讨论了PbS纳米粒子的形成机理。形成机理可能为:首先L-半胱氨酸通过巯基直接和Pb2+结合形成白色前驱沉淀,然后该前驱沉淀在一定温度和时间内热分解形成四方形PbS纳米晶,增大L-半胱氨酸在前驱体中的比例,由于存在阻碍作用,导致PbS小晶粒不能快速聚集而结晶生长,而有利形成四方形的纳米PbS。     

ZnO量子点／SiO2复合器件的可调控电致发光研究

在不同浓度的SiO2乙醇溶液中制备了一系列ZnO量子点／SiO2复合材料,通过匀胶方法将其制备成复合薄膜器件。器件的电致发光（EL）随着SiO2浓度的增加逐渐蓝移。通过实验,探索了发生蓝移的机制。选取一种ZnO量子点／SiO2复合材料均匀混入不同质量的纯SiO2后,测试结果表明,该蓝移现象不是SiO2自身发光引起的。通...     

自组织InAs/GaAs量子点的表面氮化研究

用低温光荧光(PL)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了表面氮化自组织InAs/GaAs量子点的光学性能和微观结构。结果表明氮化后形成薄层的InAsN薄膜作为应变缓和层覆盖在量子点的表面,使得随着氮化时间的增加,InAs量子点的位错密度提高、尺寸变大、纵横比提高、发光波长变长、强度变低。     

配体链长对PbS量子点薄膜/Al肖特基结整流特性的影响

利用热注入法合成带有油酸配体的PbS量子点, 用短链乙醇胺替代长链油酸做为PbS量 子点的配体。 对比了由两种材料制得的量子点薄膜与Al形成的肖特基结的J-V特性,采用热 电子发射理论对其J-V特 性进行分析,结果发现,接有短链乙醇胺的PbS量子点薄膜具有更优的整流特 性,理想因子n为3.8,明显低 于采用油酸配体的PbS量子点(n=4.6)。 研究表明,短链配体有利于提高PbS薄膜表面的均匀性并形成较好的肖 特基接触;短链置换过程提高了量子点薄膜与Al电极的接触势垒高度,使肖特基结反向 漏电流降低。     

Efficient Infrared Solar Cells Employing Quantum Dot Solids with Strong Inter-Dot Coupling and Efficient Passivation

Lead chalcogenide quantum dot (QD) infrared (IR) solar cells are promising devices for breaking through the theoretical efficiency limit of single-junction solar cells by harvesting the low-energy IR photons that cannot be utilized by common devices. However, the device performance of QD IR photovoltaic is limited by the restrictive relation between open-circuit voltages (V_OC) and short circuit current densities (J_SC), caused by the contradiction between surface passivation and electronic coupling of QD solids. Here, a strategy is developed to decouple this restriction via epitaxially coating a thin PbS shell over the PbSe QDs (PbSe/PbS QDs) combined with in situ halide passivation. The strong electronic coupling from the PbSe core gives rise to significant carrier delocalization, which guarantees effective carrier transport. Benefited from the protection of PbS shell and in situ halide passivation, excellent trap-state control of QDs is eventually achieved after the ligand exchange. By a fine control of the PbS shell thickness, outstanding IR J_SC of 6.38 mA cm⁻² and IR V_OC of 0.347 V are simultaneously achieved under the 1100 nm-filtered solar illumination, providing a new route to unfreeze the trade-off between V_OC and J_SC limited by the photoactive layer with a given bandgap.     

硫化铅红外探测器光电性能自动测试系统设计

简要介绍了硫化铅红外探测器光电性能自动测试系统的构造及设计思路。与传统的测试设备相比,自动测试系统具有测试快速准确、操作简单、可靠性高等显著特点。