Comparison of two novel MRAS based strategies for identifying parameters in permanent magnet synchronous motors

Two model reference adaptive system (MRAS) estimators are developed for identifying the parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) based on the Lyapunov stability theorem and the Popov stability criterion, respectively. The proposed estimators only need online measurement of currents, voltages, and rotor speed to effectively estimate stator resistance, inductance, and rotor flux-linkage simultaneously. The performance of the estimators is compared and verified through simulations and experiments, which show that the two estimators are simple, have good robustness against parameter variation, and are accurate in parameter tracking. However, the estimator based on the Popov stability criterion, which can overcome parameter variation in a practical system, is superior in terms of response speed and convergence speed since there are both proportional and integral units in the estimator, in contrast to only one integral unit in the estimator based on the Lyapunov stability theorem. In addition, the estimator based on the Popov stability criterion does not need the expertise that is required in designing a Lyapunov function.     

野草入侵模糊算法的半主动空气悬架研究

为了抑制由路面不平引起的车辆振动,结合磁流变阻尼器和空气弹簧的变阻尼/刚度特性,设计了含内置永磁体式磁流变阻尼器的半主动空气悬架系统.基于电磁学原理,对内置永磁体式磁流变阻尼器的力学特性建模.建立了1/4车辆二自由度动力学模型,并利用野草入侵算法对常规模糊算法规则进行优化,开发了野草入侵-模糊混合控制策略对内置永磁体磁流变阻尼器的空气悬架进行半主动控制.为验证该控制策略在磁流变空气悬架的半主动控制效果,进行了C级路面随机输入及凸块脉冲输入仿真分析,仿真结果可知,野草入侵-模糊控制策略能有效地提高半主动悬架系统的综合性能.并且通过台架试验进一步表明,利用该控制策略能够使车身振动加速度及悬架动挠度分别减小25.87%、35.13%.     

Corrosion protection of Nd–Fe–B magnets by silanization

Nd–Fe–B type permanent magnets present excellent magnetic properties. However, they are highly sensitive to the attack of corrosive environment. The aim of the present work is to describe the improvement of corrosion resistance of such magnets by dodecyl trimethoxysilane (DTMS) treatment. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests showed that, after treated by either DTMS, phosphate or chromate precursor, the protectiveness of Nd–Fe–B alloys was apparently increased. Corrosion performance of magnet treated with silane only was slightly inferior to those of phosphatized or chromatized ones. However, significant improvement in corrosion protection was achieved after two-step treatments, i.e. by top-coating silane films on phosphate or chromate under-layer. The depth profiles of element concentrations on surfaces measured by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) indicate a two-layer surface structure for two-step treated samples. Co-existing of silane and phosphate or chromate was detected in the top-layer, suggesting the interaction between the two components. This results in the formation of more stable structure of hybrid organ–inorganic coatings against the attack of corrosive species.     

基于模糊神经网络的永磁同步电动机矢量控制系统

该文提供了一种基于自适应模糊神经网络的永磁同步电动机（PMSM）矢量控制系统速度控制器的实施方案。模糊神经网络控制器（FNNC）包括神经网络控制器（NC）和模糊逻辑控制器（FC）两部分，它同时具有神经网络自学习能力和模糊逻辑在处理不确定信息方面的能力。人工神经网络（ANN）的初始权值和阈值通过离线训练的方式获得。在实际的运行过程中，利用模糊控制器的输出对神经网络的权值和阈值进行实时调整。仿真结果表明利用所提出的模糊神经网络来建立永磁同步电动机矢量控制系统的速度控制器，当电机参数改变或者受到外部扰动时，系统具有良好的动态特性。     

无轴承永磁同步电机有限元分析

无轴承永磁电机径向悬浮力与电机绕组结构、永磁体厚度及悬浮力绕组中电流等存在着复杂关系，研究这些关系对电机优化设计具有重要参考价值。该文在介绍了无轴承永磁同步电机径向悬浮力产生原理基础上，推导了径向悬浮力数学模型。用有限元分析和计算方法，讨论了无轴承永磁同步电机在定子绕组相应等效电流作用下，改变径向悬浮力绕组中的电流，电机气隙磁路分布状况；在电机气隙不变，改变永磁体厚度，计算和分析了径向悬浮力与永磁体厚度之间的关系；在电机转矩绕组极对数pM=2不变的情况下，对径向悬浮力绕组采用一对极pB=1和三对极pB=2方式绕制，计算和比较产生的径向悬浮力和麦克斯韦力大小。对pM=2，pB=3的实验样机，在静态悬浮状态下，测试了径向悬浮力和径向悬浮力绕组电流之间的关系，实验结论验证了ANSYS软件计算结果的正确性。     

永磁型无轴承电机的完整系统建模

为实现永磁型无轴承电机的稳定悬浮运行，须对转矩和悬浮力进行实时控制。电磁转矩和磁悬浮力的精确计算是无轴承电机设计及其控制的基础。传统的永磁型无轴承电机数学模型将转矩与悬浮力作为两个独立的系统来考虑，忽略了它们之间的非线性电磁耦合关系，因此计算精度不理想。该文通过虚位移法推导、并建立了考虑转矩绕组与悬浮绕组之间非线性电磁耦合关系及转子运动的面贴式永磁型无轴承电机完整系统数学模型，并通过有限元分析提取了模型中的关键参数。基于此模型实现了转子磁场定向控制的悬浮运行仿真，通过与传统数学模型的仿真结果对比，验证了该模型的精确性与完整性。     

Prediction of the electromagnetic torque in synchronous machines through Maxwell stress harmonic filter (HFT) method

For the calculation of torque in synchronous motors a local method is analysed, based on the Maxwell stress theory and the filtered contributions due to the harmonics of the magnetic vector potential in the motor air-gap. By considering the space fundamental field only, the method can efficiently estimate the average synchronous torque for a variety or motor topologies, including concentrated winding designs. This approach employs an analytical filter for the Maxwell stress tensor and `frozen permeability' technique. The proposed method is validated by comparison with FE results for several synchronous motor types: interior permanent magnet motors, wound field motor, synchronous reluctance motor.     

永磁电机直接驱动变速恒频风力发电控制技术

本文采用永磁同步电机，通过带有中间直流环节的IGBT转换器将电机发出的变频变幅交流电转换成可用的交流电，通过控制整流器电流来控制发电机转速从而控制风力机。     

采用GA的永磁同步电机直接转矩调速

永磁同步电机直接转矩控制受定子电阻变化影响,进而影响调速系统的精度。本文采用遗传算法动态调整直接转矩控制的调速系统控制器参数的策略,使控制器参数及转矩给定值随转速的波动而调整,克服电阻变化引起磁链控制器输出不准确,达到稳定输出转速的目的。该策略在定子电阻变化较大情况下,仍具有高控制精度。仿真结果验证了这一遗传算法永磁同步电机直接转矩控制调速系统控制策略的有效性。     

电主轴永磁同步电机的弱磁过程研究

车铣中心用的电主轴永磁同步电机(PMSM),要求在低速阶段具有C轴功能,能够实现恒转矩控制。在高速阶段电机以弱磁控制方式运转,此时电机工作在恒功率状态。本文首先建立同步电机的动态模型,分析了最大转矩/电流控制过渡到弱磁控制过程中定子电流的变化轨迹,进而设计弱磁控制算法,并提出高性能电流解耦调节器和电压补偿器改善控制性能。