基于CT图像和反求技术的个性化解剖型钢板设计

提出了基于CT扫描数据图像,采用反求工程(RE)与计算机辅助设计(CAD),计算机辅助制造(CAM)技术,设计针对不同患者的个性化解剖型钢板的新方法。对于一般非粉碎性骨折情况的个体,完成其骨折部位的三维数字化复合与矫正,进而确定其最佳内固定方案和钢板设计方案,并在CAD中完成钢板的设计工作,实现钢板与复位骨骼的虚拟装配,模拟手术过程。最后对钢板选取适当材料进行数控编程,加工。实验表明:此种钢板具有比标准化钢板更好的贴合性,并且具有良好的强度。该方法也为骨科手术提供了一定的理论参考依据和相应的手术参考模型,同时也为生物力学分析提供了理论模型。     

Is a sense of inequity an ancestral primate trait? Testing social inequity in cotton top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus).

To address a controversy in the literature concerning whether monkeys show an aversion to inequity, individuals of a New World monkey species, cotton top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) were tested in an offering task and in a bartering task. At issue was whether the monkeys rejected rewards because of a violation of expectancy of the preferred reward, or whether they rejected rewards because of a sensitivity to socially mediated inequity. The data from both tasks indicated that the subjects were more likely to reject when preferred rewards were presented, either because of another animal eating the reward (the social condition) or because of rewards being presented but inaccessible. The bartering task led to the only behavioral indication of aversion due specifically to social inequity, which was demonstrated when tamarins' sensitivity to the difference in rewards increased with exposure to other tamarins working to receive the preferred rewards. The results suggest that social inequity aversion will be assessed by tamarins, and possibly by other primates, only under conditions of limited resources and a requirement of work, which may make the situation a bit more competitive and thus drives attention toward both social and reward evaluation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Co‐occupant's exposure to exhaled pollutants with two types of personalized ventilation strategies under mixing and displacement ventilation systems

Personalized ventilation (PV) system in conjunction with total ventilation system can provide cleaner inhaled air for the user. Concerns still exist about whether the normally protecting PV device, on the other hand, facilitates the dispersion of infectious agents generated by its user. In this article, two types of PV systems with upward supplied fresh air, namely a chair‐based PV and one kind of desk‐mounted PV systems, when combined with mixing ventilation (MV) and displacement ventilation (DV) systems, are investigated using simulation method with regard to their impacts on co‐occupant's exposure to the exhaled droplet nuclei generated by the infected PV user. Simulation results of tracer gas and particles with aerodynamic diameter of 1, 5, and 10 μm from exhaled air show that, when only the infected person uses a PV, the different PV air supplying directions present very different impacts on the co‐occupant's intake under DV, while no apparent differences can be observed under MV. The findings demonstrate that better inhaled air quality can always be achieved under DV when the adopted PV system can deliver conditioned fresh air in the same direction with the mainly upward airflow patterns of DV.     

Innovative method and equipment for personalized ventilation

At the University of Debrecen, a new method and equipment for personalized ventilation has been developed. This equipment makes it possible to change the airflow direction during operation with a time frequency chosen by the user. The developed office desk with integrated air ducts and control system permits ventilation with 100% outdoor air, 100% recirculated air, or a mix of outdoor and recirculated air in a relative proportion set by the user. It was shown that better comfort can be assured in hot environments if the fresh airflow direction is variable. Analyzing the time step of airflow direction changing, it was found that women prefer smaller time steps and their votes related to thermal comfort sensation are higher than men's votes.     

浅议科技成果管理的几个问题

本文就科技面果管理，特别是成果鉴定和科技奖励中的一些作法和出现的问题进行探讨．     

基于Web的个性化学习系统研究

现代远程教育最重要的特点之一就是能够为学生提供个性化的教育。个性化的现代远程教育将整个教学活动作为一个有机的整体,各教学环节之间有密切的联系。该文以国家现代远程教育支撑软件———管理系统课题为背景,使用数据挖掘技术发现每个学生的个性、学习行为、学习反馈信息和教师感兴趣的有关教学的信息,及时调整教学策略,制定适合学生个性的教学内容和教学活动。     

基于Web使用挖掘技术的个性化教育网站构筑

本文介绍了个性化网络教育的特点，对在Web服务器端和客户端进行学生浏览路径模式采集的各种方法进行了分析，探讨了如何将Web使用挖掘技术应用到个性化网络教育，最后介绍了由我们开发的个性化教育网站。     

A service provisioning system for distributed personalization with private data protection

Personalized services can provide significant user benefits since they adapt their behavior to better support the user. Personalized services use a variety of data related to the user to decide their behavior. Thus personalized service needs a provisioning system that can collect the data that impacts service behavior and allows selection of the most appropriate service. However, in the coming ubiquitous environment, some data necessary for determining service behavior might be unavailable due to two possible reasons. One is that the data does not exit. The other is that the data exists but cannot be accessed. For example, users do not want to disclose their personal information, and service providers do not also want to expose data related to their knowhow in services. This paper describes a new service provisioning system for distributed personalization with private data protection. Specifically, the system selects applicable services by assessing how well each candidate service behaves when some data is missing. It then executes those selected services while hiding the users’ and providers’ private data in a distributed manner. We first summarize the requirements for a personalized service system, and introduce our fundamental policies for the system. The two main components of our system are then described in detail. One component is a service assessment mechanism that can judge if a service can work without data that can be used for adaptation. The second component is a service execution mechanism that can utilize private data while still ensuring privacy. This component divides service logic and executes divided logic where necessary data is available. The paper finally describes our prototype implementation and its performance evaluation results.     

基于智能体的电子商务协作推荐系统

传统的协作筛方法存在的主要问题是需要人为地提供评价，该文对其进行了改进，根据用户事务模式自动获取用户评价，构建评价矩阵。针对现有个性化信息推荐系统存在的问题，将Agent应用到电子商务个性化信息推荐，引入设计的协作筛方法，设计了基于Agent的电子商务协作推荐系统(ECCRS)。ECCRS是基于服务器端的电子商务协作推荐系统，它考虑了用户访问页面的时间特性，不需要用户注册，在推荐时考虑了页面的新颖性，同时实现了离线处理、增量更新与在线推荐的结合。实验结果表明，ECCRS采用的推荐方法是有效的。