钙钛矿结构材料的制备方法研究

介绍了巨磁电阻效应的发展现状,主要研究了有关钙钛矿结构L1-yCyMnO3（L=a3＋,Pr3＋,Nd3＋等稀土离子;C=Ca2＋,Sr2＋,Ba2＋等二价碱土金属离子）体系的制备方法及其特点,并对各种方法制备的样品特性进行了比较。对材料研究目的的不同,需要不同特性的样品,本研究可以对制备方法的选择提供一个参考。     

微纳米尺度压痕硬度尺寸效应的研究进展

针对微纳米尺度下,材料硬度测试中出现的正常压痕尺寸效应或逆向压痕尺寸效应,即硬度值随着压痕深度或施加载荷的增大而减小或增大的现象,目前有很多解释或描述的模型或方程,以寻求出现硬度压痕尺寸效应的根源.但由于硬度测试中所受到的影响因素众多,还没有一种方法能完全符合各种材料和测试条件的硬度测试结果,通过对现有的几种解释硬度压痕尺寸效应方法进行比较分析,对硬度压痕尺寸效应的研究方向进行了展望.     

静电感应晶闸管的I-V特性物理分析

考虑到寿命不等时的双注入效应、载流子寿命,特别是少子空穴寿命的变化、电导调制效应、双注入空间电荷限制效应等因素,对静电感应晶闸管(Static Induction Thyristor,简称SITH)在正向阻断态的整个I-V特性进行了分段物理分析,给出了理论解释并进行了计算,得出的结论与实验观测结果相吻合.     

Dipotassium Glycyrrhizinate on Melanoma Cell Line: Inhibition of Cerebral Metastases Formation by Targeting NF-kB Genes-Mediating MicroRNA-4443 and MicroRNA-3620—Dipotassium Glycyrrhizinate Effect on Melanoma

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a natural compound isolated from licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects in vitro. Dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DPG), a dipotassium salt of GA, also has shown an anti-tumor effect on glioblastoma cell lines, U87MG and T98G. The study investigated the DPG effects in the melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-28). MTT assay demonstrated that the viability of the cells was significantly decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner after DPG (IC₅₀ = 36 mM; 24 h). DNA fragmentation suggested that DPG (IC₅₀) induced cellular apoptosis, which was confirmed by a significant number of TUNEL-positive cells (p-value = 0.048) and by PARP-1 [0.55 vs. 1.02 arbitrary units (AUs), p-value = 0.001], BAX (1.91 vs. 1.05 AUs, p-value = 0.09), and BCL-2 (0.51 vs. 1.07 AUs, p-value = 0.0018) mRNA compared to control cells. The proliferation and wound-healing assays showed an anti-proliferative effect on DPG-IC₅₀-treated cells, also indicating an inhibitory effect on cell migration (p-values < 0.001). Moreover, it was observed that DPG promoted a 100% reduction in melanospheres formation (p-value = 0.008). Our previous microRNAs (miRs) global analysis has revealed that DPG might increase miR-4443 and miR-3620 expression levels. Thus, qPCR showed that after DPG treatment, SK-MEL-28 cells presented significantly high miR-4443 (1.77 vs. 1.04 AUs, p-value = 0.02) and miR-3620 (2.30 vs. 1.00 AUs, p-value = 0.01) expression compared to control cells, which are predicted to target the NF-kB, CD209 and TNC genes, respectively. Both genes are responsible for cell attachment and migration, and qPCR revealed significantly decreased CD209 (1.01 vs. 0.54 AUs, p-value = 0.018) and TNC (1.00 vs. 0.31 AUs, p-value = 2.38 × 10⁻⁶) mRNA expression levels after DPG compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, the migration of SK-MEL-28 cells stimulated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was attenuated by adding DPG by wound-healing assay (48 h: p-value = 0.004; 72 h: p-value = 7.0 × 10⁻⁴). In addition, the MMP-9 expression level was inhibited by DPG in melanoma cells stimulated by TPA and compared to TPA-treated cells (3.56 vs. 0.99 AUs, p-value = 0.0016) after 24 h of treatment. Our results suggested that DPG has an apoptotic, anti-proliferative, and anti-migratory effect on SK-MEL-28 cells. DPG was also able to inhibit cancer stem-like cells that may cause cerebral tumor formation.     

含大剂量功能性油剂的热塑性聚合物母粒SROPE

SROPE技术是用加入第三组分嵌段聚合物的方法使大剂量的功能性油剂混入热塑性聚合物中,制成具有油剂缓慢析出性能的母粒,可赋予聚合物一定的功能性。SROPE技术对于几乎所有的模压和熔融纺丝工艺都有相当广泛的通用性。     

磁性薄膜高频特性研究进展

对国内外近年来在磁性薄膜高频特性的研究进展进行了较为系统的总结.包括单层膜到多层膜的转变促进高频特性的改善;不同材料对(金属层/绝缘层)对多层膜高频特性的影响;一些特殊材料薄膜的高频特性;退火效应对磁性薄膜高频特性的影响;薄膜的微结构和薄膜特性的关系等几方面.     

住宅室内热环境与光环境互动关系的探讨

通常,电光源在室内照明时会产生热量,并对人体的热舒适产生一定的影响;同时,室内光源色温的变化会引起人们在心理上对热环境感受的差异.有些住宅由于灯光组合设计单一, 住户在夏季最炎热时,往往减少室内照明电光源的开启数量达到舒适要求,从而降低了室内的照度,影响了光环境的质量;由于灯光设计缺乏足够的应变功能,到了家庭团聚、会客或冬季较冷的时候又会感到灯光有些昏暗.因而,建立和谐的光和热建筑物理环境,不仅应达到生理上的舒适,还应注意心理舒适的特殊要求.     

基于海洋背景红外图像的仿真系统研究

简要介绍了一种简便的基于海洋背景的红外仿真系统的设计和组成,阐述了各个模块的功能以及模块之间的联系。在实际存储红外图像素材基础上,通过直接添加模板图像,接着通过后续的处理模块来实现较好的模拟海洋红外图像中的目标的目的。从最后的结果可以看到这是一个简便有效的仿真系统。     

激光斜入射条件下“猫眼”效应的实验研究

"猫眼"目标回波功率是激光主动探测系统的重要指标,可用来评估光电装备"猫眼"效应的强弱,并为探测器的优化设计提供参考。依据所建立的斜入射条件下"猫眼"目标回波功率数学模型,仿真分析了入射角对"猫眼"目标回波功率的影响,利用搭建的激光主动探测系统对典型"猫眼"目标进行了实验研究,理论仿真结果与实验结果表明,激光在有限斜入射条件下,"猫眼"目标回波功率将随入射角的增大而迅速下降,并很快湮没于噪声之中。这为进一步研究基于"猫眼"效应的激光主动探测适用条件提供必要的实验依据。     

Comparative Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained by Wet Chemical Reduction and Solvothermal Methods

The synthesis of nanoparticles from noble metals has received high attention from researchers due to their unique properties and their wide range of applications. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), in particular, show a remarkable inhibitory effect against microorganisms and viruses. Various methods have been developed to obtain AgNPs, however the stability of such nanostructures over time is still challenging. Researchers attempt to obtain particular shapes and sizes in order to tailor AgNPs properties for specific areas, such as biochemistry, biology, agriculture, electronics, medicine, and industry. The aim of this study was to design AgNPs with improved antimicrobial characteristics and stability. Two different wet chemical routes were considered: synthesis being performed (i) reduction method at room temperatures and (ii) solvothermal method at high temperature. Here, we show that the antimicrobial properties of the obtained AgNPs, are influenced by their synthesis route, which impact on the size and shape of the structures. This work analyses and compares the antimicrobial properties of the obtained AgNPs, based on their structure, sizes and morphologies which are influenced, in turn, not only by the type or quantities of precursors used but also by the temperature of the reaction. Generally, AgNPs obtained by solvothermal, at raised temperature, registered better antimicrobial activity as compared to NPs obtained by reduction method at room temperature.