Evaluating the transfer of technology between application domains: a critical evaluation of the human component in the system

Technology can take many forms from the development of sophisticated electronics to the application of basic procedural principles. Technology transfer can also take several forms, however, in this case, it is the transfer of technological principles between application domains that is of primary interest. This paper presents a framework (the Five ‘M’s framework) that can be used to consider the likely success of technology transfer. The framework is based upon a sociotechnical system approach. The framework is illustrated with an evaluation of the introduction of intelligent cruise control into motor vehicles. It is argued that this is a technological concept first developed as an aerospace application in the form of the autopilot. In this case, it is argued that the transfer of this technology in its current form may potentially compromise safety.     

一种基于判决反馈的OFDM系统载波频率跟踪算法

研究了多径信道下OFDM系统的一种新的载波频率跟踪算法，这种算法以判决反馈和接收端的时域信号重构为基础。推导了估计结果的精确解，比较了使用原估计结果和新的估计结果进行频偏补偿时系统跟踪性能的不同。通过对算法的仔细分析，发现除了通常的加性噪声外，信道估计误差、子载波数目和子载波的调制方式也影响频偏的估计结果和跟踪范围，而且子载波的数目和调制方式是决定性的因素。这种频率跟踪方法的优点是即使在很低的信噪比下仍然能获得高的跟踪精度，且实现相对简单。     

电容传感器在使用中存在的几个问题及处理方法

随着电容测量技术的迅速发展，电容传感器在非电量测量和自动检测中得到广泛应用，但它在使用过程中也存在一些问题，针对在使用电容传感器过程中存在的几个问题，从电容传感器的原理和工作过程两个方面进行了讨论，并提出行之有效的处理方法。     

Representation of shift-invariant operators onL 2 byH ∞ transfer functions: An elementary proof,a generalization toL p,and a counterexample forL ∞

We give an elementary proof of the well-known fact that shift-invariant operators onL ²[0, ∞) are represented by transfer functions which are bounded and analytic on the right open half-plane. We prove a generalization to Banach space-valuedL ^p -functions, where 1≤p<∞. We show that the result no longer holds forp=∞. This research was supported partially by the Weizmann Fellowship, and partially by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract F49620-86-C-0111.     

Observer design for autonomous discrete-time nonlinear systems

We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a discrete-time nonlinear system to be locally state equivalent to the nonlinear observer form. The result looks similar to the continuous counterpart except for the fact that Ad-operation is utilized instead of ad-operation.     

Stabilization of fixed modes in expansions of LTI systems

The objective of this note is to propose a method for stabilization of structurally fixed modes in expansions of LTI dynamic systems in the scope of overlapping decentralized control design based on the expansion/contraction framework, enabling successful design for a broader class of problems than considered so far. The method is based on a judicious choice of complementary matrices in the expanded space. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate simplicity and efficiency of the proposed approach.     

Tribotronics—Towards active tribology

A constant trend towards more compact mechanical systems with higher power densities and increased thermo-mechanical loads emphasises the importance of the development of new design approaches and novel tribological systems. Ignoring this may cause a significant slow down in technological and industrial development. Tribotronics or active tribology based on adaptive performance is thought of as being critical in the implementation of smart machine concepts. Recognition of the importance of tribotronics, or active control of system loss outputs, such as those through friction and wear will have significant beneficial economic consequences as a result of the associated accelerated rate of technological progress. These smart tribotronic systems can be embedded in a great variety of machines and mechanisms. If this integration is made at the design stage, products that are more flexible, efficient and reliable can be produced. The concept of tribotronics is presented and discussed in this paper. Some illustrative examples that show the feasibility of an “active” approach are given. In addition, various possibilities already reported in literature are discussed.