Synthesis and luminescence of Eu3+ doped nanocrystalline TiO2 spheres

Eu~(3+) doped TiO_2 anatase spheres were obtained by modified sol-gel approach.Spheres(110—250 nm) are composed of smaller(5-15 nm) nanocrystals and exhibit red emission under UV light excitation.Materials were synthesized by multi-step method from glycolated titania alkoxides.Europium doped(1.0 mol%) and non-doped spheres were synthesized.Their optical and structural properties were compared by materials characterization methods,such as X-ray powder diffraction,transmission electron microscopy and PL spectroscopy.Doped TiO_2 spheres are crystalline phase pure and exhibit high luminescence intensity.     

Caesium-137 and potassium-40 in selected oxbow lakes of the border Bug River more than 20 years after the Chernobyl accident

The accumulation of caesium-137 (¹³⁷Cs, or radiocaesium) and potassium-40 (⁴⁰K) was estimated in the bottom sediments and macrophytes (Phragmites australis) of oxbow lakes alongside the Bug River situated on the border between Poland and Belarus. The content of isotopes in the examined water reservoirs was found to be determined by the way the land around the reservoirs was used. The highest ¹³⁷Cs concentrations were detected in the sediment of an oxbow lake periodically flooded by the Bug River. The caesium concentration in the macrophytes was determined by the specific properties of sediment. The concentration of caesium in plants was negatively correlated with potassium concentration.     

The development of strategic spatial planning in Central and Eastern Europe: between path dependence,European influence,and domestic politics

ABSTRACT

Focusing on three of the Central and Eastern European countries – Poland, Czech Republic, and Hungary – the paper investigates the evolution of spatial planning systems and the introduction of strategic planning practices from the beginning of the post-communist transition in the early 1990s to the present. It sheds new light on this issue by applying the conceptual lens of historical institutionalism to explain this process and elucidate the role of the accession to the European Union (EU) as a catalyst for change. In particular, the paper identifies and analyses the critical junctures at which path dependencies emerged and later constrained the capacity of the regional and local actors to adjust to the EU Cohesion Policy framework and engage in strategic planning as part of it.     

Absorbing the Rapid Growth of Shopping Centres in Poland after the Political Change

The aim of this paper is to present the development of shopping centres in Poland after its political transition. From that time, all types of shopping centres were built, starting from the very basic first generation and developing into the most current formats. In the article, types of shopping centres are compared to their western origins. Planning laws and procedures that apply to the processes are also described, with an example of a law that was introduced to specifically control growth of shopping centres. Apart from that current trends and growth possibilities in the present market situation are discussed. As a result, a very rapid development process was observed, with little hampering from the planning policies. This may be used as a point of reference for other countries that have not yet encountered that process.     

论当代波兰的建筑创作及其主要代表人物

本文指出:波兰建筑当前面临的最大问题是住房匮乏,同时政府提供的社会保障住房质量低下数量不足,由此导致波兰建筑界在社会上开始获得更多的话语权,变得日益为社会所重视。今天的波兰建筑正处于转型过渡阶段而极具发展潜力,如何激发这一潜力将是波兰建筑的最大挑战。论文通过Robert Konieczny和IngardenEw y这两位建筑师及其团队的设计思想和典型作品的分析,展示波兰建筑创作当前饶有趣味又富有创新的发展格局。     

波兰硫矿藏的开发利用

本文叙述了作者在波兰进行非金属矿开发利用实地考察的一方面内容,即波兰Tarnobrzeg天然硫矿床地下热熔开采的生产方式、工艺流程、井点布置和废水净化处理方式,特别着重介绍了流体动力法和热流体法新工艺的具体技术措施。     

Land use changes in Poland during transformation: Case study of Wielkopolska region

The most popular quantitative measure of landscape is land use. The most frequent data sources of land use are satellite images, aerial photographs and maps. Another source of the data can also be land cadaster. The advantages of research based on data from land registers are their relatively good accessibility, nationwide coverage and updates at equal yearly intervals, and the direct possibility to combine the data with statistics published for administrative units. The author of this paper used the above resources to analyse land use changes in the region of Wielkopolska (Poland) in the period of system transformation (1989–2005). The analysis was performed using a synthetic measure of the landscape change, being a quotient of the share of land where hardened ground are dominant and land where biologically active areas prevail. The analysis showed that although the rate of land use changes decreased after 1989, it was marked with spatial irregularity and the differences became greater over time. The changes depend on environmental conditions to a very small extent. For the most part it was the socio-economic factors that caused land use changes, primarily the economic activity of residents. Economically underdeveloped regions were intensively afforested, nevertheless environmental conditions are favourable to technical development. Therefore underdeveloped areas should be stimulated, particularly in the scope of education and entrepreneurship. Such stimulating actions should be emphasised in regional programming documents, especially in the province development strategy.     

RotundaPKOBP--波兰战后现代建筑的一株奇葩

Rotunda PKO BP位于波兰华沙,是波兰银行（BP）办公楼群的标志性建筑。通过本文对其生成的背景和历史演变进行解读,由此可以领略二战后波兰建筑师如何在苏联建筑风格一统天下的氛围中,为求现代建筑发展的突破所进行的探索,并藉此对波兰二战后现代建筑的发展有一个概貌的认识。     

匈牙利和波兰城市建设印象（上）

本文系统地介绍了笔者考察匈牙利期间,对布达佩斯城市桥梁建设的总体印象,以及考察的相关启示和建议,为国内同行们提供有借鉴意义的资料和启示,以期促进我国城市桥梁建设的健康发展。     

Measuring the efficiency of materials management based on data envelopment analysis approach: the case of Polish regions

This paper examines the applicability of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) to measure and evaluate the efficiency of materials management at the regional level. The research has been conducted for Polish regions as a case study. The basis for the calculation of the efficiency scores was a statistically selected set of materials used in a given region and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The results of the analysis reveal that 4 (Łódzkie, Śląskie, Warmińsko-Mazurskie, and Zachodniopomorskie) out of 16 Polish regions are relatively efficient. The remaining regions consume too many material resources in the process of generating goods and services.