相干组束自成像腔腔型设计理论研究

为了更合理地设计光纤组束谐振腔,针对自成像共振腔,用傅里叶光学理论对其进行了分析,并讨论了3种关键元件——傅里叶透镜、滤波器与输出镜的选取方法;提出了用MATLAB进行数值模拟进而得出空间滤波器透过率函数的计算方法.并以2个半径为55 mm且相距为240 mm的圆形光场为例,模拟了经过傅里叶变换后频谱面上的振幅分布和相位分布情况,通过比较相位,得到了两光场的同相位分布图像.同时,根据矩阵传输理论对腔体进行了分析,得到了自成像无源共振腔稳定振荡的必要条件,及振荡光光纤耦合效率最高的条件.     

GAC-BAF联合工艺处理高浓度含酚废水

采用活性炭（GAC）吸附-曝气生物滤池（BAF）降解联合工艺处理高浓度含酚废水,对GAC吸附、再生,BAF降解,GAC—BAF联合工艺运行工况进行了研究。结果表明：该联合工艺能有效降解含酚废水;GAC吸附容量与进水流量无关,吸附效果在原水进水pH=3．0、温度20±2℃下达到最佳;反冲进水碱性条件下对GAC解吸再生有利,反冲流量对再生有一定影响;BAF对含酚废水的容忍浓度为1100mg／L,GAC再生废水进入BAF之前需稀释至微生物适宜的pH值和苯酚浓度;GAC—BAF联合工艺中GAC柱进水流量的选择应确保BAF床有足够时间对已吸附饱和的另一平行GAC柱完成再生。该联合工艺将GAC吸附和BAF生物降解结合成连续运行的方式,使得苯酚废水处理过程不受GAC再生的影响,解决了传统GAC吸附和生物降解不适宜处理高浓度含酚废水的缺点。     

时频二维搜索捕获算法及其FPGA实现

基于“多段匹配滤波器+FFT”的架构,提出并实现了一种新的适用于高动态下GPS (Global Positioning System)P码直捕的时频二维并行搜索算法,其新颖性在于采用“折叠滤波器+重排序RAM”的结构实现了多段匹配滤波器和在FPGA中全并行地实现了捕获算法。采用流水线结构的硬件实现表明,新算法占用的资源大约为原来的1/16。仿真结果和实际测试都表明该算法在GPS高动态下能更快完成P码直捕。     

Adaptive detectors in the Krylov subspace

The validity of the application of the Krylov subspace techniques in adaptive filtering and detection is investigated. A new verification of the equivalence of two well-known methods in the Krylov subspace, namely the multistage Wiener filters （MWF） and the auxiliary-vector filtering （AVF）, is given in this paper. The MWF and AVF are incorporated into two well-known detectors, namely, the adaptive matched filter （AMF） and Kelly＇s generalized likelihood ratio test （CLRT） including their diagonally loaded versions, which form new detectors. Compared to the conventional AMF, CLRT, and their diagonally loaded versions as well as the reduced-rank AMF and GLRT, the probabilities of detection （PDs） of the new detectors are improved especially when the sample support is low. More importantly, the new detectors are robust of the rank selection of the clutter subspace compared to the reduced-rank AMF and GLRT. These new detectors all possess asymptotic constant false alarm rate （CFAR） property.     

基于形态滤波器和中心极值差分的直流电机间接测速

提出了一种基于数学形态学和中心极值差分的直流电机间接测速新方法.首先,在介绍数学形态学理论的基础上,构建了多元素结构并行复合形态滤波器;其次,根据直流电机电流的特点,提出了基于中心极值差分(CED,central extreme difference)的电流频率求取方法;最后根据电机电流频率和转速间的关系,获取了电机的转速特性.较之小波阈值消噪,通过形态学滤波获取的电流曲线较光滑,滤波效果更好;与基于小波脊线的测速方法相比,所提方法不仅获取的转速曲线波动程度较小,而且计算速度也有大幅度的提高.     

第二小方向导数信息熵的兴趣点检测

目的 为了提高兴趣点检测的定位准确性和对噪声的鲁棒性,提出利用图像轮廓线及其邻域内像素点方向导数信息熵检测兴趣点的方法.方法 首先利用多方向Gabor虚部滤波器提取图像灰度变化信息得到第二小方向导数.然后利用Canny边缘检测器提取边缘映射,并填补断裂边缘映射提取边缘轮廓线.最后求解图像边缘轮廓线及其邻域内像素点对应的第二小方向导数所对应的信息熵归一化值并作为新的兴趣点测度.和直接由灰度变化信息及分析边缘轮廓形状或曲率提取兴趣点的方法相比,本文算法结合了两种算法的思想,利用轮廓线上及其邻域内的像素点梯度方向信息熵值作为兴趣点测度.同时不同于同质及边缘区域的梯度方向变化,兴趣点处的梯度方向变化信息呈现各向异性的特性,利用兴趣点第二小方向导数(第一小方向导数可能为零)对应的信息熵值作为新的兴趣点测度可提高算法的定位准确性.结果 通过对检测图像进行仿射变换和加入高斯噪声处理后,分别利用Harris算子、CSS算子、He&Yung算子和本文算法提取图像兴趣点,并比较各算法在仿射变换和高斯噪声情况下检测到的兴趣点的平均重复率和定位误差两个性能指标的平均值.其中本文算法的性能指标平均值为1.625,远高于Harris(3.25)、He&Yung(2.625)和CSS(2.5)三大兴趣点检测算子.结论 通过与典型的3种算法相对比,本文算法具有较好的平均重复率及噪声鲁棒性,尤其是图像在外界干扰的旋转变换和尺度变换下对兴趣点的定位性有着更好的检测性能.     

Adaptive output feedback tracking control of stochastic nonlinear systems with dynamic uncertainties

In this paper, adaptive output feedback tracking control is developed for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with dynamic uncertainties and unmeasured states. Neural networks are used to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions. K‐filters are designed to estimate the unmeasured states. An available dynamic signal is introduced to dominate the unmodeled dynamics. By combining dynamic surface control technique with backstepping, the condition in which the approximation error is assumed to be bounded is avoided. Using It ô formula and Chebyshev's inequality, it is shown that all signals in the closed‐loop system are bounded in probability, and the error signals are semi‐globally uniformly ultimately bounded in mean square or the sense of four‐moment. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The frequency partitioned block modified filtered-x NLMS with orthogonal correction factors for multichannel Active Noise Control

The Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) algorithm with a filtered-x structure (FxNLMS) is a widely used adaptive algorithm for Active Noise Control (ANC) due to its simplicity and ease of implementation. One of the major drawbacks is its slow convergence. A modified filtered-x structure (MFxNLMS) can be used to moderately improve the speed of convergence, but it does not offer a huge improvement. A greater increase in the speed of convergence can be obtained by using the MFxNLMS algorithm with orthogonal correction factors (M-OCF), but the usage of orthogonal correction factors also increases the computational complexity and limits the usage of the M-OCF in massive real-time applications. However, Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are well known for their potential for highly parallel data processing. Therefore, GPUs seem to be a suitable platform to ameliorate this computational drawback. In this paper, we propose to derive the M-OCF algorithm to a partitioned block-based version in the frequency domain (FPM-OCF) for multichannel ANC systems in order to better exploit the parallel capabilities of the GPUs. The results show improvements in the convergence rate of the FPM-OCF algorithm in comparison to other NLMS-type algorithms and the usefulness of GPU devices for developing versatile, scalable, and low-cost multichannel ANC systems.     

Design of a compact dual‐band folded‐waveguide bandpass filter using multilayer waveguide resonators

A novel compact dual‐band bandpass filter based on multilayer folded‐waveguide (FWG) structure is presented in this article.In this design, slots are used to realize direct coupling between adjacent resonators and apertures are adopted to implement cross coupling between non‐adjacent resonators.A new technique of external quality factor of FWG resonator and coupling coefficients between different resonators are studied using full‐wave simulator. In order to demonstrate the proposed technique, a four‐pole dual‐band bandpass filter is designed, fabricated and measured using vector network analyzer. Measurement results which are well agreed with simulation results are presented. Moreover, four‐pole substrate integrated folded waveguide SIFW dual‐band bandpass filter, using two layers of slotted folded waveguide resonators, is demonstrated. The proposed filter has a compact size and it is excellent candidate for the application of wireless communication systems. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:780–788, 2015.     

Particle filters and occlusion handling for rigid 2D–3D pose tracking

In this paper, we address the problem of 2D–3D pose estimation. Specifically, we propose an approach to jointly track a rigid object in a 2D image sequence and to estimate its pose (position and orientation) in 3D space. We revisit a joint 2D segmentation/3D pose estimation technique, and then extend the framework by incorporating a particle filter to robustly track the object in a challenging environment, and by developing an occlusion detection and handling scheme to continuously track the object in the presence of occlusions. In particular, we focus on partial occlusions that prevent the tracker from extracting an exact region properties of the object, which plays a pivotal role for region-based tracking methods in maintaining the track. To this end, a dynamical choice of how to invoke the objective functional is performed online based on the degree of dependencies between predictions and measurements of the system in accordance with the degree of occlusion and the variation of the object’s pose. This scheme provides the robustness to deal with occlusions of an obstacle with different statistical properties from that of the object of interest. Experimental results demonstrate the practical applicability and robustness of the proposed method in several challenging scenarios.