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Airframe riveting is a critical process that requires high levels of process monitoring and quality assurance due to the very
high risk associated with the failure of such joints. This paper describes the development of the enabling technology developed
for a machine vision-based process monitoring system. One of the key factors affecting the performance of a machine vision
system is the quality of the lighting. In the application described in this paper the available lighting was severely limited
by the confined space in which the system had to operate. The problem was also compounded by the reflective nature of the
objects to be examined. The initial images obtained were not suitable for further processing due to the presence of significant
shadows and specular reflections. A novel solution to this problem based on multiple wavelength illumination and signal processing
is presented along with results from experimental trials of the approach. 相似文献
75.
M. Quecedo M. Pastor M. I. Herreros J. A. Fernndez Merodo 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2004,59(6):755-794
This paper proposes a two‐dimensional (2D) model for the analysis of the propagation of fast landslides involving a fluidized material such as debris and mud flows, flowslides and avalanching flows. The model is based on the Navier–Stokes depth‐integrated equations. To incorporate the effect of steep slopes and centrifugal forces due to the high velocities characterizing the flowslides and the bed curvature, a curvilinear system of reference is used. The corresponding equations of motion are complemented by depth‐averaged constitutive equations and bed friction laws. The resulting set of differential equations are solved using the two‐step Taylor–Galerkin algorithm. This algorithm has been used by the authors to solve hydraulic and dam‐break problems using the finite element method. Owing to the importance of the source term compared to the advection component, the proposed algorithm follows a splitting scheme using a fourth‐order Runge–Kutta method for integrating the friction and slope components. The performance of the overall approach has been checked in a number of examples. The analysis of the results provides insights into the key elements of the model and shows the adequacy of the method to solve real problems where merging and splitting of the flow occur. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
76.
SIMULATION STUDIES OF THE REMOVAL OF WATER FROM ETHANOL BY A CATALYTIC DISTILLATION PROCESS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christina B. Dirk-Faitakis Karl T. Chuang 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2005,192(11):1541-1557
A new approach based on catalytic distillation (CD) technology was proposed to remove water from ethanol. Isobutylene was introduced to react with water in the CD column. The commercial software simulation tool Aspen Plus was used to investigate the effects of key design factors such as operating pressure and temperature, reactant ratios, reflux and distillate to feed ratios, number of separation and reaction stages, and feed and reaction zone location. It was found that the CD technology offers potential advantages of reduced energy consumption and reduced capital cost over traditional approaches for the removal of water from ethanol. 相似文献
77.
D.H.R. Price J.A. Sharp 《International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems》1985,7(3):131-137
Peak demand forecasts obtained from six different univariate forecasting methods, under a range of conditions, were used to drive a capacity acquisition model of a large electrical supply system; and the resulting physical and financial performance of the model was observed for each set of forecasts. The results obtained are discussed in the context of their implications for the choice of load forecasting method used in capacity acquisition planning by a power supply undertaking. 相似文献
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79.
A. K. Srivastava Ram M. Shrestha S. C. Srivastava Rabin Shrestha Dharam Paul 《国际能源研究杂志》2003,27(7):671-685
The power sector in India at present comprises of five separate regional electricity grids having practically no integrated operation in between them. This study analyses the utility planning, environmental and economical effects of integrated power sector development at the national level in which the regional electric grids are developed and operated as one integrated system. It also examines the effects of selected CO2 emission reduction targets in the power sector and the role of renewable power generation technologies in India. The study shows that the integrated development and operation of the power system at the national level would reduce the total cost including fuel cost by 4912 million $, total capacity addition by 2784 MW, while the emission of CO2, SO2 and NOx would be reduced by 231.6 (1.9%), 0.8 (0.9%), 0.4 (1.2%) million tons, respectively, during the planning horizon. Furthermore, the study shows that the expected unserved energy, one of the indices of generation system reliability, would decrease to 26 GWh under integrated national power system from 5158 GWh. As different levels of CO2 emission reduction targets were imposed, there is a switching of generation from conventional coal plants to gas fired plants, clean coal technologies and nuclear based plants. As a result the capacity expansion cost has increased. It was found that wind power plant is most attractive and economical in the Indian perspective among the renewable options considered (Solar, wind and biomass). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
80.
浅谈建筑企业施工项目部的成本控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
指出控制工程项目的直接费用要从“四算对比”入手,介绍了施工项目的成本分析方法,阐述了施工项目内部控制的主要措施,以确保施工成本控制在计划成本范围内。 相似文献