怎样做好工程项目投标工作

投标实际上是各施工单位完成该项目任务的技术、经济管理等综合能力的竞争。     

Requirements-Based Estimation of Change Costs

We present a case study that aimsat quantitative assessment of the impact of requirements changes,and quantitative estimation of costs of the development activitiesthat must be carried out to accomplish those changes. Our approachis based on enhanced traceability and an integrated view of theprocess and product models. The elements in the process and productmodels are quantitatively characterised through proper measurement,thus achieving a sound basis for different kinds of sophisticatedanalysis concerning the impact of requirements changes and theircosts. We present the results of the application of modelingand measurement to an industrial project dealing with real-timesoftware development. The ability to predict the impact of changesin requirements and the cost of related activities is shown.     

语法衔接理论在英汉法律文件翻译中的应用

以韩礼德所提出的语法衔接理论为依托,对香港法英汉平行文本中的一些语料进行对比研究。通过对比香港法平行文本语法衔接手段得出以下结论:英汉两种语言的衔接手段存在一些差异;在进行英语法律文件翻译时,对英文中的语法衔接手段运用省译或增补的方式进行处理,对构建连贯的译文有很大好处。     

Towards interoperability of i* models using iStarML

Goal-oriented and agent-oriented modelling provides an effective approach to the understanding of distributed information systems that need to operate in open, heterogeneous and evolving environments. Frameworks, firstly introduced more than ten years ago, have been extended along language variants, analysis methods and CASE tools, posing language semantics and tool interoperability issues. Among them, the i* framework is one the most widespread. We focus on i*-based modelling languages and tools and on the problem of supporting model exchange between them. In this paper, we introduce the i* interoperability problem and derive an XML interchange format, called iStarML, as a practical solution to this problem. We first discuss the main requirements for its definition, then we characterise the core concepts of i* and we detail the tags and options of the interchange format. We complete the presentation of iStarML showing some possible applications. Finally, a survey on the i* community perception about iStarML is included for assessment purposes.     

Restoration of Folk Document Covers from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

The covers of booklets and books in folk documents primarily serve to protect the pages. Owing to long-term storage limitations, a considerable number of book covers have suffered varying degrees of damage. Following the principles of restoration, a comparative analysis and restoration of folk document covers were conducted, selecting four different types of carriers from the Taihang Mountain Documents, ranging from the Qing dynasty to the Republican Era. These carriers included hemp, mulberry b...     

基于参数化文档模板及文档操作指令集的CAPP工具系统

提出一种新的基于Word的CAPP工具系统总体框架结构。提出一个以参数化文档模板为操作对象,并通过在系统中构造出一套文档操作指令集,以实现由工艺知识驱动的、对参数化工艺文档进行自动编辑、修改操作的CAPP工具系统的设计构思,从而使CAPP系统具有了初步的智能化、较高的自动化和很强的实用性。     

A Multimedia Presentation Toolkit for the World Wide Web

This paper describes the design and implementation of MPRES, a Multimedia Presentation Toolkit for the WWW. The WWW has seen phenomenal growth over the last couple of years. It has become a vast repository of multimedia information that is accessible to virtually anyone having a browser. MPRES is a multimedia presentation system that allows a user to compose and render a presentation consisting of objects referenced by their URLs (Uniform Resource Locators). It uses the concept of dynamic documents to render on a WWW browser, a sequence of multimedia scenarios, having objects of types such as audio, image, plaintext, HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) document and animation. MPRES Author, the authoring subsystem, allows the user to interactively test and compose such a presentation, using the Netscape Navigator to collect multimedia resources from the WWW. A presentation database stores the presentations and provides a convenient frontend for accessing them. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons,Ltd.     

碳酸钠对纸质文献超声雾化脱酸效果的研究

本研究使用易溶性水相脱酸剂Na₂CO₃溶液,通过超声雾化对纸质文献进行脱酸处理,对其可超声雾化质量分数范围、超声雾化速率、雾化量、雾化稳定性、雾化粒径、脱酸均匀性等效果进行了探究。结果表明,Na₂CO₃溶液可超声雾化质量分数范围为0~12%;质量分数高的Na₂CO₃溶液超声雾化较为困难,超声雾化速率小;Na₂CO₃溶液质量分数越低,超声雾化速率越不稳定;随Na₂CO₃溶液质量分数的升高,超声雾化平均粒径递增且变化幅度不大。在实验条件范围内,相对于其他质量分数,质量分数6%的Na₂CO₃溶液雾化量最大,超声雾化稳定性高,脱酸均匀性最好,脱酸一段时间后,纸质文献仍能保持较好的脱酸效果。     

组织需求假设与信息系统的组织角色

本文区分了与信息系统开发相关联的两种基本假设,即信息需求假设和组织需求假设,分析了信息系统的组织角色,进一步提出了三种组织需求分析观点：技术观点、社会－技术观点和社会观点,并指出了这些观点在信息系统理论研究和开发实践中的重要性     

A Model of Collaborating Agents for Content-Based Electronic Document Filtering

The huge volume of distributed information that is nowadays available in electronic multimedia documents forces a lot of people to consume a significant percentage of their time looking for documents that contain information useful to them. The filtering of electronic documents seems hard to automate, partly because of document heterogeneity, but mainly because it is difficult to train computers to have an understanding of the contents of these documents and make decisions based on user-subjective criteria. In this paper, we suggest a model for the automation of content-based electronic document filtering, supporting multimedia documents in a wide variety of forms. The model is based on multi-agent technology and utilizes an adaptive knowledge base organized as a set of logical rules. Implementations of the model using the client-server architecture should be able to efficiently access documents distributed over an intranet or the Internet.