When does generation enhance memory for location?

Generation is thought to enhance both item-specific and relational processing of generated targets as compared with read words (M. A. McDaniel & P. J. Waddill, 1990). Generation facilitates encoding of the cue-target relation and sometimes boosts encoding of relations across list items. Of interest is whether generation can also increase the encoding of target-location associations. Because the literature on this point is mixed, 3 procedural differences between 2 studies (E. J. Marsh, G. Edelman, & G. H. Bower, 2001; N. W. Mulligan, 2004) were identified and manipulated. A positive generation effect was found for location memory, but this effect was reduced when subjects wrote down the study words and when the filler task involved generation. Generation can enhance location memory in addition to item memory but only if the experimental parameters do not interfere with the processing benefits of generation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

无线视频通信中信道自适应差错控制策略的研究

针对无线视频通信中现有的差错控制方法的缺点和局限性，根据无线信道高误码率和高时变性的特点，提出一种基于反馈的信道自适应差错控制策略．根据反馈信号预测未来信道的状态，自适应地调整冗余信息值，优化无线视频通信系统的传输效率，使其在稳定性、功率消耗和传输效率之间达到有效的折衷．仿真结果表明，该方法能有效地提高无线视频通信系统的传输效率，尤其在无线信道误码率变化剧烈的情况下，效果更加明显．     

Modeling Task Switching Without Switching Tasks: A Short-Term Priming Account of Explicitly Cued Performance.

Switch costs in task switching are commonly attributed to an executive control process of task-set reconfiguration, particularly in studies involving the explicit task-cuing procedure. The authors propose an alternative account of explicitly cued performance that is based on 2 mechanisms: priming of cue encoding from residual activation of cues in short-term memory and compound cue retrieval of responses from long-term memory. Their short-term priming account explains the repeated cue encoding benefit, switch cost, reduction in switch cost with preparation time, and other effects. The authors develop a mathematical model of their priming account and fit it to data from 3 experiments, demonstrating that a set of basic psychological processes can produce several effects--including putative switch costs--without switching tasks. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Divided Attention in Younger and Older Adults: Effects of Strategy and Relatedness on Memory Performance and Secondary Task Costs.

Divided attention at encoding leads to a significant decline in memory performance, whereas divided attention during retrieval has relatively little effect; nevertheless, retrieval carries significant secondary task costs, especially for older adults. The authors further investigated the effects of divided attention in younger and older adults by using a cued-recall task and by measuring retrieval accuracy, retrieval latency, and the temporal distribution of attentional costs at encoding and retrieval. An age-related memory deficit was reduced by pair relatedness, whereas strategy instructions benefited both age groups equally. Attentional costs were greater for retrieval than for encoding, especially for older adults. These findings are interpreted in light of notions of an age-related associative deficit (M. Naveh-Benjamin, 2000) and age-related differences in the use of self-initiated activities and environmental support (F. I. M. Craik, 1983, 1986). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

二值图像的游程法压缩及其改进算法

依据游程压缩算法的基本原理，实现了对二值图像的无损压缩，并针对点阵汉字库本身的特点，对算法作了进一步改进，压缩比有了较大提高。该算法实现简单，对计算时间空间的要求低，适合嵌入式应用环境。     

顺序蕴含图的状态编码方法

控制器综合中状态编码这个课题,已经有过不少的研究。人们都试图设计出能够得到“最佳编码”的方法或者是算法,来达到节省门电路、触发器电路,或者是起到简化组合逻辑电路的目的。该文在原有基于蕴含图算法的基础上,提出了一种求解状态编码的方法“顺序蕴含图方法(SequentialImplicationGraph,简称SIG)”,利用相邻关系的顺序,改善分配结果。     

JPEG2000中感兴趣区域的编码

JPEG2000不仅比现有的标准例如JPEG有更好的客观图像质量，而且提供了很多新的特性和功能。可以对感兴趣区域进行最高质量的压缩或者无损压缩就是一个非常重要的功能，而现有标准不能有效实现或根本无法实现。文章从JPEG2000的算法原理开始，对如何进行感兴趣区域编码进行了阐述，并且给出了实验结果。     

基于递进制编码的遗传算法研究

首先分析了编码的进制数对遗传算法收敛速度的影响．分析结果表明，当种群不稳定时，高进制编码较低进制编码具有更快地搜索至最优区域的能力，当种群较为稳定时，低进制编码较高进制编码具有更快地逼近最优点的能力．然后提出了基于递进制的遗传算法，该算法能提高优化问题的收敛速度，在优化参数较多时，与单一进制编码的遗传算法相比具有明显的优势．仿真实例也验证了这一结论．     

基于四叉树的多媒体安全编码方案

由于图像、音频、视频等媒体数据具有数据量大，实时性要求高等特点，这对于加密算法也提出了相应的要求，而且由于采用传统的基于数论的加密算法对数据完全加密不能满足实时性要求，因此产生了对部分加密算法的研究，但这些算法也不能完全保证数据格式不变和压缩比不变等更高的要求；如果将压缩编码和加密过程相结合，则既能满足实时性要求，又能保持数据格式不变。鉴于四叉树结构常被应用于图像编码中，为此提出了两种四叉树置乱算法，并将其用于四叉树编码、小波零树编码、基于四叉树的分形编码等图像和视频编码中。理论分析和实验结果表明，由于这些算法将加密与编码过程相结合，因此具有以下优点：具有较高的安全性，且加密效果好；不仅能保持编码格式不变，而且便于对数据的直接操作；既能保持压缩比不变，又不增加额外数据；具有较快速度，能满足实时性要求等。     

彩色伪随机阵列在主动三维视觉检测中的应用

要用一幅图像在三维欧氏空间中重构三维场景,尤其是动态的三维场景,常用的点结构光、线结构光扫描法不能满足要求。一个有效的方法是采用伪随机编码结构光照明主动视觉技术:用编码结构光照明被测场景,因为伪随机编码阵列中任一子窗口阵列都唯一,所以通过对场景图像中编码窗口的查寻,可以确定图像中编码点在编码阵列中的位置,从而使场景被测表面每一个特征点都具有唯一的代码,能唯一被辨识,并最终得以重构。