推行“闭环作业法”确保油品罐区安全平稳生产

针对罐区各种事故发生的原因,首创了“闭环作业法”,实践证明有很好的应用性和推广性。     

节能型长明灯在火炬安全设施中的应用

针对目前石化系统火炬安全设施状况分析,“石油化工可燃气体排放系统研究”课题组经过大量研究和论证,认为在石化企业工况复杂,自动点火设施将无法代替长明灯时,设置节能型长明灯应用在火炬设施中,是切实可行和必要的。     

电气化铁路既有线深路堑扩堑石方控制爆破

介绍电气化铁路既有线无隔墙台阶爆破扩堑方法。沿既有线方向设置低台阶 ,边界处布置光爆孔 ,采用“同列同段和列间微差”的起爆网路。采用自制的“炮被”和架设“钢管排架”阻挡飞石、滚石和滑石 ,确保了既有线的安全。文中还概述了“炮被”和“钢管排架”的制做以及作者的认识和体会。     

Optimization of safety equipment outages improves safety

Testing and maintenance activities of safety equipment in nuclear power plants are an important potential for risk and cost reduction. An optimization method is presented based on the simulated annealing algorithm. The method determines the optimal schedule of safety equipment outages due to testing and maintenance based on minimization of selected risk measure. The mean value of the selected time dependent risk measure represents the objective function of the optimization. The time dependent function of the selected risk measure is obtained from probabilistic safety assessment, i.e. the fault tree analysis at the system level and the fault tree/event tree analysis at the plant level, both extended with inclusion of time requirements. Results of several examples showed that it is possible to reduce risk by application of the proposed method. Because of large uncertainties in the probabilistic safety assessment, the most important result of the method may not be a selection of the most suitable schedule of safety equipment outages among those, which results in similarly low risk. But, it may be a prevention of such schedules of safety equipment outages, which result in high risk. Such finding increases the importance of evaluation speed versus the requirement of getting always the global optimum no matter if it is only slightly better that certain local one.     

Toll road crashes of commercial and passenger motor vehicles

Revenue-collection data from toll roads allow for accurate estimates of miles driven by vehicle type and, when combined with crash data, valid estimates of crash involvements per mile driven. Data on vehicle-miles traveled and collisions were obtained from toll road authorities in Florida. Kansas, and New York. In addition, state crash files and published vehicle-miles of travel were obtained for toll roads in Illinois. Indiana, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Large commercial motor vehicles were significantly underinvolved in single-vehicle crashes on all state toll roads. In five states, commercial motor vehicles were significantly overinvolved in multiple-vehicle crashes relative to passenger vehicles; the exceptions were Kansas, where they had significantly lower multiple-vehicle involvement rates, and Indiana. where there were no significant differences in multiple-vehicle involvements by vehicle type. The risk of commercial motor vehicle involvement in multiple-vehicle crashes resulting in deaths or serious injuries was double that of passenger vehicles in the two states (Ohio and Pennsylvania) that identified serious injuries. Whether crash rates, on toll roads of commercial motor vehicles are higher or lower than those of passenger vehicles appears to depend on the type of crash, specific toll road. and traffic density.     

Speed and safety effect of photo radar enforcement on a highway corridor in British Columbia

This study evaluates the effect of the photo radar program on traffic speed and collisions at photo radar (PRP) influence locations (PRP location) and interleaving non-PRP locations on the Vancouver Island portion of Highway 17 (Pat Bay Highway) in British Columbia (BC). Simple before-after comparison was used to summarize the speed effect while observational before- after method was employed to estimate the safety effect. To control for regression to the mean and time effect, Empirical Bayes (EB) method with comparison groups was employed in collision analysis. The study found a 2.8-km/h reduction in mean speed and a 0.5-km/h reduction in speed standard deviation at a monitoring site 2 km south of the treatment area. Corresponding to speed reduction. the study revealed a 14%+/-11% reduction in expected collisions at the PRP locations, a 19%+/-10% reduction at the non-PRP locations, and a 16%+/-7% reduction along the study corridor as a whole. No evidence was found for a localized effect in a 2-km range of the photo radar direct influence area, over and above those at the interleaving non-PRP locations. The results support the hypothesis of a distance spillover effect--that the program not only improved safety at the PRP locations, but along the entire enforcement corridor as well. It suggests that the unpredictable nature of the deployments lead drivers to modify their behavior along the length of the corridor because they could not discern 'safe' from 'unsafe' segments.     

大坝自动化监控与管理系统设计

大坝自动化监控与管理系统主要包括计算机网络、闸门自动监控、视频监视、大坝安全监测及水情测报与信息管理系统。本文对各部分的组成及基本功能进行了论述。     

一种网格计算中的资源定位策略

简述了网格计算的概念及其背景,然后引出资源定位问题,在资源定位问题上对如Napster采用的对等网格环境下的资源定位策略进行探讨,最后给出了策略的一种实现方法.     

电信外线部分网络资源管理系统的硬件设计

电信外线部分网络资源管理系统是对电信公司省局、市局及各个子局外线部分的网络资源进行管理和地理拓扑显示的系统。该文给出了系统硬件部分的设计方案。文中对系统总体设计目标、设计原则以及硬件部分设计方案的特点、优势做了详细的叙述。     

基于Ice技术的多级安全管理系统间的数据交换

多级安全管理系统实现了对信息网络中所有安全设备的有效管理,但如何实现多级安全管理系统间的数据交换成为必须解决的问题。本文基于Ice技术,提出了多级安全管理系统间数据交换的设计方案,并给出了具体实现。