Allelopathic Effects of Volatile Monoterpenoids Produced by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salvia leucophylla</Emphasis>: Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and DNA Synthesis in the Root Apical Meristem of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica campestris</Emphasis> Seedlings

Salvia leucophylla, a shrub observed in coastal south California, produces several volatile monoterpenoids (camphor, 1,8-cineole, -pinene, -pinene, and camphene) that potentially act as allelochemicals. The effects of these were examined using Brassica campestris as the test plant. Camphor, 1,8-cineole, and -pinene inhibited germination of B. campestris seeds at high concentrations, whereas -pinene and camphene did not. Root growth was inhibited by all five monoterpenoids in a dose-dependent manner, but hypocotyl growth was largely unaffected. The monoterpenoids did not alter the sizes of matured cells in either hypocotyls or roots, indicating that cell expansion is relatively insensitive to these compounds. They did not decrease the mitotic index in the shoot apical region, but specifically lowered mitotic index in the root apical meristem. Moreover, morphological and biochemical analyses on the incorporation of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine into DNA demonstrated that the monoterpenoids inhibit both cell-nuclear and organelle DNA synthesis in the root apical meristem. These results suggest that the monoterpenoids produced by S. leucophylla could interfere with the growth of other plants in its vicinity through inhibition of cell proliferation in the root apical meristem.     

纤维素酶的固体发酵

从来自国内外11株菌株的初步比较,筛选出酶活较高的康氏木霉N_2—78和瑞热埃木霉QM6a。对康氏木霉P_2和土曲霉3.3935所作的纤维素碳源试验中,发现木质纤维素较纯纤维素好,未经处理的木质纤维素比经处理的好。麸皮和稀土对康氏木霉P_2产酶作用影响较大,而对土曲霉3.3935则无明显的影响。     

1—AGO灰关联分析模型

对灰关联分析中关联系数以及关联度加以改进,给出了1—AGO关联系数以及1—AGO关联度,讨论了它们的有关性质,并建立了1—AGO灰关联分析模型,使之更具有合理性和科学性.     

高职院校会计专业工学结合人才培养路径新探索

我国高职院校会计专业正处于人才培养路径的新探索时期,实施"工学结合"的培养路径是一种必然趋势。然而目前,高职会计教育的工学结合改革中存在诸多问题,文章深入分析了制约我国高职院校会计专业工学结合的因素,包括会计行业的自身局限性、实施会计专业工学结合的社会经济条件不足等,最后从高职会计教育最薄弱同时又是很重要的两个环节提出了改革建议。     

Hydroformylation of functional alkenes with heterodonor phosphine rhodium catalysts: substrate or ligand directed regioselectivity?

The catalytic activity and selectivity of heterodonor phosphine rhodium catalysts prepared in situ were tested in the hydroformylation of functional alkenes (ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, styrene, 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene, dicyclopentadiene and cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride). Systematic variation of the heterodonor atom in the ortho position of the ligand showed that the heterodonor atom has a significant influence on the activities and selectivities of the reaction. However, the activity seems to depend mainly on the modifying ligand, and the regioselectivity mainly on the substrate (i.e., the structure and functionality of the alkene). Nevertheless, regioselective control is only obtained through synergy between the substrate and the catalyst. Clear regiocontrol was observed in the hydroformylation of ,-unsaturated esters and styrene with an in situ formed o-(thiomethylphenyl)diphenylphosphine rhodium catalyst.     

Catalytic Combustion of Model Carbon Particles (CPs) over Pt/β-SiC Catalyst

Platinum catalyst supported on a medium surface area -SiC was successfully used for the catalytic combustion of model carbon particles and compared to a catalyst supported on a low surface area -SiC. The -SiC-based catalyst showed no deactivation as a function of cycling tests while a strong deactivation was observed on the -SiC-based catalyst. This deactivation was attributed to the progressive encapsulation of the platinum particles by a layer of silica which built up during the combustion cycle. These results render possible the use of Pt/-SiC catalyst as a diesel carbon particle catalytic filter with continuous regeneration.     

An EXAFS study of the Mo/TiO2 hydrodesulphurization catalysis

In-situ EXAFS studies of sulphided Mo/TiO₂ catalysts have shown that at low Mo loadings (2–4 wt%), an active species with a short Mo-S distance of 2.25 Å is formed, while on Mo/TiO₂ with high Mo loadings as well as on Mo/-Al₂O₃, bulk MoS₂ (Mo-S, 2.42 Å) is formed. The species with the short Mo-S distance has Mo in an oxidation state close to 6 + and is likely to result from the sulphidation of the tetrahedral molybdate species present in the oxidic precursor at low Mo loadings. The calcination temperature of the oxidic precursor appears crucial, a high calcination temperature of 973 K favouring the formation of MoS₃ on sulphidation, and a low calcination temperature of 623 K favouring MoS₂.Contribution No. 790 from the Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit.     

基于光流速度分量加权的人体行为识别

为了提高光流特征对人体行为的描述性,提出一种新的人体行为识别方法。首先,将提取的光流特征分解为u和v两个速度分量分别来描述行为,通过直接构造视觉词汇表分别得到不同行为两个速度分量的标准视觉词汇码本,并利用训练视频得到每个行为的不同分量的标准词汇分布;进而根据不同行为两个分量的标准视觉词汇码本,分别计算测试视频相应的速度分量的词汇分布,并利用与各行为两个速度分量的标准词汇分布的加权相似性度量进行行为识别;最后在KTH数据库和Weizmann数据库中进行实验。实验结果表明,与其它行为识别方法相比笔者提出的方法可以明显提高行为平均识别率。     

自动扫查爬壁机器人结构及控制系统研究

针对检测在役化工容器筒壁对接环焊的危害性缺陷，设计了一种基于超声串列法扫查法的新型爬壁机器人，着重介绍其机械结构及控制系统。这种机器人采用磁轮吸附和轮式行走，利用磁带导航，光纤传感器检测，具有结构紧凑，导航性能好，控制精度高等特点，有广泛的应用前景。     

The influence of platinum on the maintenance of α-Al2O3 as a protective scale

The influence of externally located platinum on the isothermal stability of -Al₂O₃ scales formed at high temperatures has been examined. It has been observed that a nickel-base alloy forms an external scale of -Al₂O₃ during oxidation at 1200°C, but this scale breaks down isothermally, enabling a faster-growing Cr₂O₃-rich scale to develop. However, in the presence of platinum metal alongside the specimen in the furnace hot zone, the breakdown of the -Al₂O₃ scale is postponed for a substantial period of time. It appears that platinum, as the volatile species PtO₂, is incorporated into the growing -Al₂O₃ scale where it either influences the stress relief mechanism at temperature or reduces oxidation growth stress generation and thus significantly enhances the isothermal stability of the scale.