Electric dichroism studies of the bonding of Co(III) chelate with synthetic polyelectrolytes

The interactions of bis-2-(2-pyridylazo)-1-naphthol Co(III), [Co(III) (αPAN)₂⁺], with five kinds of synthetic polyelectrolytes have been studied by spectrophotometric and transient electric dichroism measurements. The polyelectrolytes were: poly(styrene sulphonic acid) (PSS); poly(acrylic acid) (PAA); poly(l-glutamic acid) (PLG); $\text{poly}\text{(N}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>e</mtext>}}\text{,N}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>e</mtext>}}\text{-}\text{dicarboxylmethyl-}\text{l}\text{-lysine}$ (PDCML); and poly(l-lysine) (PLL). The equilibrium constant of the reaction:

with P = polyelectrolyte residue was determined spectrophotometrically: K₁ is > 10⁷ M^?1 (PSS); (1.4 ± 0.2) × 10⁴ M^?1 (PAA); (4.0 ± 0.4) × 10³ M^?1 (PLG); (1.4 ± 0.2) × 10⁶ M^?1 (PDCML); and < 10² M^?1 (PLL) at pH 6–8. From transient electric dichroism, the angle (ψ) between the αPAN plane and the polymer axis was determined to be 65° (PSS); 52° (PAA); 55° (PLG); and 52° (PDCML). The large K₁ and ψ values for PSS are ascribed to the hydrophobic interaction between the aromatic αPAN ring and the styrene sulphonate residues of PSS. Using stopped-flow electric dichroism measurements, rapid transfer of a bound Co(III) chelate from the PDCML to PSS chains was shown to occur.     

滑动函数应用于星形支化聚合物溶液

理论模型与实验数据的对比表明,带滑动函数的Rouse—Zimm模型,经参数修正后,也能用于说明星形支化聚合物溶液的非线性流变性。     

Modeling emergency interregional electric power transfer

This paper describes a combined model of the U.S. power system that is the first to allow for emergency interregional transmission of electricity. The Interregional Transfer Model (INTRAN) is used with the Baughman-Joskow Regionalized Electricity Model (REM) to simulate the transshipment of emergency interregional electric power exchanges. REM-INTRAN is a tool to assist policy makers concerned with the reliability and adequacy of the U.S. bulk power system. It is the only model available that provides regional detail of the electricity sector and emergency interregional power transfer capabilities. REM-INTRAN considers generation plant mix and monthly load characteristics on a regional basis, and the limiting transfer capacities and costs of emergency interregional power transfers.     

纤维素非水溶剂体系的研究——纤维素浓溶液的流变性

把纤维素直接溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和多聚甲醛(PF)混合溶剂中,能制成可纺性良好的纤维素浓溶液。测定溶液的流变性能,直接获得纤维素浓溶液的粘流活化能等物理参数;研究了热力学和动力学条件与原液可纺性之间的关系,确定了可纺性良好的原液的热力学和动力学参数,为纺制纤维素纤维和制备中空纤维膜奠定了基础。     

Excel函数在小流域洪水计算中的应用

在电力工程设计的水文计算工作中,通常需要计算设计洪水,常规采用手工方法计算,计算繁冗,工作量很大。应用Excel函数功能,计算小流域洪峰流量、绘制洪水过程线,只要经过一些简单设置,即可完成。此方法简单、实用。     

CO2插入C—H(sp)键制备丙炔酸衍生物的研究进展

丙炔酸类化合物是一类用途广泛的有机中间体,以CO₂为羧基化试剂,将其插入到端基炔烃的C—H(sp)键是制备丙炔酸类化合物的一条新型路线,其绿色化程度显著高于传统方法。本文在系统分析CO₂路线制备丙炔酸类化合物反应机理的基础上,梳理了该反应催化体系的研究进展,并总结了近年来与该反应实际应用密切相关的前瞻研究。基于上述总结,本文认为后续研究应开展的工作包括：①从实际工况角度（耐强碱性反应体系、耐强极性溶剂等）出发进行催化剂的设计;②强化反应机理研究,明确不同催化剂上的反应路径和中间体形态差异,夯实理论基础;③强化潜在技术瓶颈问题的突破,尤其是湿度敏感、碱助剂循环、下游合成网络衔接等。     

Pyrolysis of chlorine contaminated municipal plastic waste: In-situ upgrading of pyrolysis oils by Ni/ZSM-5, Ni/SAPO-11, red mud and Ca(OH)2 containing catalysts

This work is focussing to the thermo-catalytic batch pyrolysis of contaminated real municipal plastic waste using different catalyst mixtures in their different ratios: Ni/ZSM-5, red mud, Ca(OH)₂ and Ni/SAPO-11, red mud, Ca(OH)₂. The effect of the catalysts to the pyrolysis oil properties and the in-situ upgrading (especially the storage, transportation and corrosion stability) of pyrolysis oil was investigated. High concentration of Ni/ZSM-5 and Ni/SAPO-11 zeolites in catalyst mixtures can increase the yield of gases and pyrolysis oil, the concentration of aromatics or the hydrogen content in gases; however the presence of red mud in higher content can further increase the hydrogen concentration. ZSM-5 based catalysts showed higher efficiency in aromatization reactions. An accelerated aging test at 80 °C till 1 week was performed to investigate the storage and transportation stability of pyrolysis oils. Only slight increase was found in the density and viscosity, on the other hand there was a bit greater increase using SAPO-11 based catalysts than ZSM-5. The change in the olefin content was followed via bromine number and FTIR spectra of pyrolysis oil, which resulted ～3% and ～4% decreasing using Ni/ZSM-5 and Ni/SAPO-11 containing catalyst mixtures. Regarding acidic components, they significantly increased by aging time, while the high red mud and/or Ca(OH)₂ in catalyst mixtures had notable benefit, because they can drastically decrease the concentration of chlorinated compounds, which led to less weight loss during corrosion test using copper plate till 60 days at 20 °C.     

新时期山东省生态农业产业化发展思路探析

阐述了生态农业产业化的定义、内涵,论述了发展生态农业产业化的意义和当前发展生态农业产业化面临的机遇,提出了山东省建设生态农业产业化的目标。