Fault tolerance in multiprocessor systems

Multiprocessor systems which afford a high degree of parallelism are used in a variety of applications. The extremely stringent reliability requirement has made the provision of fault-tolerance an important aspect in the design of such systems. This paper presents a review of the various approaches towards tolerating hardware faults in multiprocessor systems. It emphasizes the basic concepts of fault tolerant design and the various problems to be taken care of by the designer. An indepth survey of the various models, techniques and methods for fault diagnosis is given. Further, we consider the strategies for fault-tolerance in specialized multiprocessor architectures which have the ability of dynamic reconfiguration and are suited tovlsi implementation. An analysis of the state-of-the-art is given which points out the major aspects of fault-tolerance in such architectures.     

不同基质配比对银毛野牡丹扦插的影响

银毛野牡丹是优良的园林观赏性植物,但是繁殖有性结实率低。通过为期30天的扦插试验,对比不同基质（原土、草炭土、蛭石、珍珠岩）配比对银毛野牡丹插穗生长的影响,分析插穗生根时间、生根数目、最长根长、生根率、生长状态以及基质变化,找出适合其生长发育的优良基质,为银毛野牡丹的繁殖提供技术支撑。研究表明：试验组T8（原土：细沙：草炭土：蛭石：珍珠岩=1：1：2：1：1）的插穗生根率、最长根长、插穗长势为最佳,试验组T2（草炭土）效果次之,在条件有限的情况下可以作为备用方案以供生产所需。     

工业PC标准开放体系结构数控系统在卧式加工中心上的应用

使用工业PC标准开放体系结构数控系统，进行卧式加工中心电气控制系统的设计，调试及C＋＋语言PMC软件开发，指出NC主机－伺服系统－机床强电－操作面板－手轮－网络－通讯各部分的总体结构，硬件接线方法，模块化的PMC软件开发方法及机电整合调试步骤。     

基于智能客户端和SOA的新型ASP模式研究*

在对当前广泛研究的ASP模式进行综述的基础上,提出一种新的基于智能客户端和面向服务体系结构的ASP运行模式.这种模式可以解决ASP服务对数据的全面管理与客户对私有数据的安全性要求之间的矛盾.详细阐述了这一模式的优缺点,并将它与现有模式进行了比较.     

3D Prussian blue/Pt decorated carbon nanofibers based screen-printed microchips for the ultrasensitive hydroquinone biosensing

Nowadays,water pollution has become more serious,greatly affecting human life and healthy.Electrochemical biosensor,a novel and rapid detection technique,plays an important role in the real-time and trace detection of water pollutants.However,the stability and sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors remain a great challenge for practical detections in real samples to the strong interferences derived from complex components and coagulation effects.In this work,we reported a novel three-dimensional architecture of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs)/ Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) composite film,using 3D interweaved carbon nanofibers as a supporting matrix,for the construction of screen-printed microchips-based biosensor.PtNPs with diameters of～2.5 nm was highly dispersed on the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) to build a 3D skeleton nanostructure through a solvothermal reduction.Subsequently,uniform PBNPs were in-situ self-assembled on this skeleton to construct a 3D architecture of PB/Pt-CNF composite film.Due to the synergistic effects derived from this special feature,the as-prepared hydro-quinone (HQ) biosensor chips can synchronously promote both surface area and conductivity to greatly enhance the electrocatalysis from enzymatic reaction.This biosensor has exhibited a high sensitivity of 220.28 μA·L·mmol-1·cm-2 with an ultrawide linear range from 2.5μmol·L-1 to 1.45 mmol·L-1 at a low potential of 0.15 V,as well as the satisfactory reproducibility and usage stability.Besides,its accuracy was also verified in the assays of real water samples.It is highly expected that the 3D PB/Pt-CNF based screen-printed microchips will have wide applications in dynamic monitoring and early warning of ana-lytes in the various practical fields.     

基于Pro/E的设计与工艺信息共享关键技术研究

阐述了利用Visual C＋＋6．0、Pro／Toolkit和数据库的强大功能从设计信息中提取相关的零部件信息及将工艺信息输出到绘图环境下的具体方法和过程，实现了在Pro／E环境下设计与工艺之间的信息共享、无缝连接，并给出了实例。     

基于PC的开放式软PLC技术

本文讨论了开放式软PLC(softPLC)的性能特点和组成结构,比较了软PLC与传统PLC技术的异同点,分析了软PLC技术在工业控制领域的实现方案,最后阐述了它的前景及发展趋势。     

有限状态机在数控系统软件中的应用研究

在数控系统软件开发中，控制软件的开发是开发的关键。针对数控系统复杂性和实时性特点，把有限状态机应用在数控系统软件开发中，构造了控制器软件结构，并应用于数控系统的原型开发。     

加工中心程序编辑器的设计与实现

讨论了一种数控系统中程序编辑器的设计方法.简单说明该数控系统的系统结构,根据ANC_45M加工中心的需求和系统的设计原理,着重阐述编辑器字符的输入处理和程序段的查错、容错和格式化处理的设计原理和具体实现算法.该编辑器具有操作简单,运行速度快等优点.     

Past and future of software architectural decisions – A systematic mapping study

ContextThe software architecture of a system is the result of a set of architectural decisions. The topic of architectural decisions in software engineering has received significant attention in recent years. However, no systematic overview exists on the state of research on architectural decisions.ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to provide a systematic overview of the state of research on architectural decisions. Such an overview helps researchers reflect on previous research and plan future research. Furthermore, such an overview helps practitioners understand the state of research, and how research results can help practitioners in their architectural decision-making.MethodWe conducted a systematic mapping study, covering studies published between January 2002 and January 2012. We defined six research questions. We queried six reference databases and obtained an initial result set of 28,895 papers. We followed a search and filtering process that resulted in 144 relevant papers.ResultsAfter classifying the 144 relevant papers for each research question, we found that current research focuses on documenting architectural decisions. We found that only several studies describe architectural decisions from the industry. We identified potential future research topics: domain-specific architectural decisions (such as mobile), achieving specific quality attributes (such as reliability or scalability), uncertainty in decision-making, and group architectural decisions. Regarding empirical evaluations of the papers, around half of the papers use systematic empirical evaluation approaches (such as surveys, or case studies). Still, few papers on architectural decisions use experiments.ConclusionOur study confirms the increasing interest in the topic of architectural decisions. This study helps the community reflect on the past ten years of research on architectural decisions. Researchers are offered a number of promising future research directions, while practitioners learn what existing papers offer.