高速数字电路的FPGA实现技巧

高速数字电路是工程设计的一个难点和重点;FPGA和EDA工具提供了实现高速数字电路的资源和技术,把高速数字电路设计与FPGA技术相结合,依靠FPGA芯片和EDA工具所提供的功能来设计高速数字电路,将大大简化高速数字电路的设计难度和工程时间;在FPGA实现高速数字电路的过程中经常遇到的3个问题:时钟偏移、同步器的亚稳态性,以及高速传输接口的处理;在深入理解亚稳态,时钟偏移的产生机理和充分利用FPGA和EDA软件的基础上,可以比较快速地解决以上问题.     

基于双通道相位同步修正的距离零值校准

双通道接收机是测控雷达实现大姿态飞行目标跟踪测量的常规设备,也是高精度雷达通用的链路配置形式。采用常规的距离零值标校方法对该类型系统进行标校,稳定性较差,精度不高,无法达到亚米级距离零值的校准目的。在传统标校方法的基础上,融合双通道相位同步修正技术,优化了系统距离零值标校方法。仿真和测试结果结果表明,50 dB动态条件下零值校准精度优于1 m,弥补了传统标校方法的不足,可以作为工程方法推广使用。     

基于现场总线的PLC与组态技术在数控技术中的应用

在分析现场总线技术的基础上,结合浙江工业职业技术学院数控系工业中心实际,提出了一种基于现场总线的PLC监控网络及组态软件技术方案,指出在学院工业中心采用现场总线技术进行网络监控对提高所有数控设备的工作效率,提升教学效果,保证一体化教学品质有重要意义.     

A Short ERAP2 That Binds IRAP Is Expressed in Macrophages Independently of Gene Variation

The M1 zinc metalloproteases ERAP1, ERAP2, and IRAP play a role in HLA-I antigen presentation by refining the peptidome either in the ER (ERAP1 and ERAP2) or in the endosomes (IRAP). They have also been entrusted with other, although less defined, functions such as the regulation of the angiotensin system and blood pressure. In humans, ERAP1 and IRAP are commonly expressed. ERAP2 instead has evolved under balancing selection that maintains two haplotypes, one of which undergoing RNA splicing leading to nonsense-mediated decay and loss of protein. Hence, likewise in rodents, wherein the ERAP2 gene is missing, about a quarter of the human population does not express ERAP2. We report here that macrophages, but not monocytes or other mononuclear blood cells, express and secrete an ERAP2 shorter form independent of the haplotype. The generation of this “short” ERAP2 is due to an autocatalytic cleavage within a distinctive structural motif and requires an acidic micro-environment. Remarkably, ERAP2 “short” binds IRAP and the two molecules are co-expressed in the endosomes as well as in the cell membrane. Of note, the same phenomenon could be observed in some cancer cells. These data prompt us to reconsider the role of ERAP2, which might have been maintained in humans due to fulfilling a relevant function in its “short” form.     

地热资源在供热空调开发利用中的研究现状和进展

本文首先回顾了国内外地热资源在供热空调方面的应用历程及研究现状,重点介绍了当前地热供暖空调的新技术。其次,就目前系统开发设计中遇到的问题提出并分析了应采取的措施,为地热资源的合理利用提供了依据。     

A Review of Toxicity Mechanism Studies of Electronic Cigarettes on Respiratory System

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have attracted much attention as a new substitute for conventional cigarettes. E-cigarettes are first exposed to the respiratory system after inhalation, and studies on the toxicity mechanisms of e-cigarettes have been reported. Current research shows that e-cigarette exposure may have potentially harmful effects on cells, animals, and humans, while the safety evaluation of the long-term effects of e-cigarette use is still unknown. Similar but not identical to conventional cigarettes, the toxicity mechanisms of e-cigarettes are mainly manifested in oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and DNA damage. This review will summarize the toxicity mechanisms and signal pathways of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes concerning the respiratory system, which could give researchers a better understanding and direction on the effects of e-cigarettes on our health.     

Molecular Effects of Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy on L6 Dorsal Root Ganglion/Spinal Cord and Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent (BOLD) Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Changes in Capsaicin-Induced Prostatitis Rat Models

Neurogenic inflammation and central sensitization play a role in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. We explore the molecular effects of low-intensity shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) on central sensitization in a capsaicin-induced prostatitis rat model. Male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent intraprostatic capsaicin (10 mM, 0.1 cm³) injections. After injection, the prostate received Li-ESWT twice, one day apart. The L6 dorsal root ganglion (DRG)/spinal cord was harvested for histology and Western blotting on days 3 and 7. The brain blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional images were evaluated using 9.4 T fMRI before the Li-ESWT and one day after. Intraprostatic capsaicin injection induced increased NGF-, BDNF-, and COX-2-positive neurons in the L6 DRG and increased COX-2, NGF, BDNF, receptor Trk-A, and TRPV1 protein expression in the L6 DRG and the dorsal horn of the L6 spinal cord, whose effects were significantly downregulated after Li-ESWT on the prostate. Intraprostatic capsaicin injection increased activity of BOLD fMRI responses in brain regions associated with pain-related responses, such as the caudate putamen, periaqueductal gray, and thalamus, whose BOLD signals were reduced after Li-ESWT. These findings suggest a potential mechanism of Li-ESWT on modulation of peripheral and central sensitization for treating CP/CPPS.     

大型移动复杂装备状态监测系统研究

实现对大型移动复杂装备的完整实时在线状态监测是一个非常有意义的研究课题。对用于大型装备局部状态监测的系统特点进行了描述，指出了其局限性；将传统的完整状态监测系统归纳为集中式完整状态监测系统，并依据装备端检测装置功能结构的不同，将集中式完整状态监测系统分为三类，指出了灰匣子系统的优势，以及在现有大型移动复杂装备上应用的难点。在对各类系统进行分析比较的基础上，提出了适用于现有复杂装备的分散式完整状态监测系统，对系统的基本思想进行了阐述。实例说明，该系统适于对现有复杂装备的完整状态监测。     

μC/OS-Ⅲ在STM32F103RC 上的移植

针对在 STM32F103RC 处理器组建的系统上移植μC/OS-Ⅲ时需要一定移植条件的问题,介绍一种移植μC/OS-Ⅲ的方法,Cortex-M3内核处理器为μC/OS-Ⅲ移植带来的便利性以及μC/OS-Ⅲ移植工作中涉及到的3方面内容,重点说明μC/CPU移植文件编写与修改的细节,并详述基于STM32F103RC产品平台下的μC/OS-Ⅲ成功移植案例。实践结果表明：该方法具有可操作性,能够实现μC/OS-Ⅲ在STM32F103RC上的移植。     

海洋水下拖曳系统安全与应急设计

本文介绍了海洋水下拖曳系统的安全设计和应急处置方法设计。首先介绍了基于本系统电液驱动方式所配置的阀件和控制传感器作用,并为阀件设计了闭环控制。把系统工作过程分为收放作业和拖曳作业两个工作阶段,根据两个阶段的工作特点设计了不同的应急处置方法。