关于大豆蛋白纤维开发应用的思考和建议

就大豆蛋白纤维的开发应用提出了思考和建议。积极开展大豆蛋白纤维的基础性研究工作,提供系统的典型数据,使之列入纤维标准性能手册,成为纤维家族中的标准正式成员;逐步开展大豆蛋白纤维结构与性能关系的研究,指导正确应用;根据大豆蛋白纤维的性能与特点,开发相适应的产品品种,适应最终用途。同时,还应综合考虑,分工合作,高速度完成系统开发的任务,巩固大豆蛋白纤维是唯一由中国首先开发并工业化应用而写入科技史册的里程碑。     

Performance and emissions of a diesel tractor engine fueled with marine diesel and soybean methyl ester

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that is cleaner than petrodiesel. Biodiesel can be used directly as fuel for a diesel engine without having to modify the engine system. It has the major advantages of having high biodegradability, excellent lubricity and no sulfur content. This paper presents the results of investigations carried out in studying the fuel properties of soybean methyl ester (SME) and its blend with marine diesel fuel from 5%, 20% and 50% blends by volume and in running a diesel engine with these fuels. The results indicate that the use of biodiesel produces lower smoke opacity (up to 74%), but higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) (up to 12%) compared to marine fuel (MF). The measured carbon monoxide (CO) emissions of B5 and B100 fuels were found to be 3% and 52% lower than that of the MF, respectively.     

Energy and exergy utilization, and carbon dioxide emission in vegetable oil production

Energy and exergy utilization and carbon dioxide emission during production of soybean, sunflower, and olive oils are assessed. In all cases, agriculture is the most energy and exergy intensive process and emits most of the carbon dioxide, and diesel is the dominant energy and exergy source. The cumulative degree of perfection (CDP) for soybean and olive oil is 0.92 and 0.98, respectively, whereas the CDP for the sunflower oil is 2.36. Decreasing diesel consumption with good agricultural practices and substituting with biodiesel from renewable resources would decrease the cumulative exergy consumption, as a result, CDP of olive and soybean oil rises to 1.6 and sunflower oil to 2.9.Major contribution to the carbon dioxide emission is due to the excessive use of fertilizers. The most energy intensive process is olive oil production. However, since the fertilizer consumption here is limited, total carbon dioxide emission is less than those of the other two processes are. On the other hand, excessive fertilizer consumption during the soybean agriculture results in a rather large CO₂ emission.     

大豆色拉油抗结晶能力研究

采用NMR法对由美国、巴西进口大豆加工的大豆色拉油抗结晶能力进行测评,并讨论大豆种类和大豆油 精炼条件对大豆色拉油抗结晶能力的影响。结果表明,大豆种类对大豆色拉油的抗结晶能力影响很大,而目前精炼 产生的脂肪酸异构反应对大豆色拉油抗结晶能力影响不大。     

大豆卵磷脂的提纯

探讨了以市售大豆油脚为原料,用全溶剂法精制出符合药用规格的大豆卵磷的工艺条件并建立了相应的数学模型。其主要性能指标为：Ｎ％＝１．７０．Ｐ％＝４．０％,酸价１０．４８,碘价９５．３５。     

聚氧乙烯化大豆油脚硫酸钠的合成

以大豆油脚为原料,经聚氧乙烯化、硫酸化合成出一种新型的表面活性剂。     

Rapid detection method for aflatoxin B1 in soybean sauce based on fluorescent microspheres probe

Soybean sauce, a Chinese traditional and daily condiment, is often contaminated by aflatoxin B₁. An extract-free immunochromatographic assay was proposed based on fluorescent microspheres probe for the' detection of aflatoxin B₁ in soybean sauce. The probe was prepared by coupling fluorescent microspheres with anti-aflatoxin B₁ antibody by the 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimides hydrochloride-mediated method. The background from the soybean sauce sample on strip was eliminated because of the optical property of the probe. The sample without extracting procedure was directly detected by diluting with 10% methanol solution. The visible detection limit for the qualitative analysis of aflatoxin B₁ in the proposed method was 2.5 μg/L, which was lower than the maximum level of 5 μg/L set by the Chinese government. The results were well agreed with those obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The method showed satisfactory characteristics, such as rapid detection, easy operation, and high sensitivity, and can thus be applied for the large-scale and on-site screening of soybean sauce contaminated with aflatoxin B₁. To our knowledge, this report is the first one on the qualitative detection of aflatoxin B₁ in dark colored food samples directly by fluorescent microspheres probe-based immunochromatography.     

豆类双歧杆菌发酵饮料的研制

以糊化赤豆和去腥大豆浆为原料，添加１％的葡萄糖和２％的乳糖等成分，用双歧杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热乳酸链球菌作混合发酵剂，接种量为３％，发酵后可制得含有活菌的豆类发酵饮料。赤豆和大豆的产地对产品质量无影响     

大豆叶子中大豆皂甙总配糖体的分离纯化研究

在大豆叶子中大豆皂甙总配糖体提取工艺的基础上,进一步对总配糖体进行了分离纯化研究,主要研究了大豆皂甙总配糖体的脱色澄清、萃取以及萃取后得到大豆皂甙总配糖体的柱分离精制,从而得到了大豆皂甙分离纯化最佳的工艺条件.     

钼多金属氧酸盐催化脂肪酸甲酯环氧化研究

以钼多金属氧酸盐为催化剂,采用非溶剂法,在温和条件下制备环氧大豆油甲酯。在大豆油甲酯质量为20 g、过氧化氢与C=C物质的量比为1.5、催化剂[(C2H5)4N]4Mo8O26摩尔分数为1.50%、反应温度为55 ℃、反应时间为5.0 h的条件下,获得酸值为0.58 mg(KOH)/g、环氧值为3.73%的环氧大豆油甲酯。该方法催化剂易分离,后处理简便、快捷,产物不含无机酸,避免了无机酸对产品性质分析处理带来的影响。