分布式环境下并行有限元分析策略的研究

为提高结构优化设计的效率，研究了结构静动态性能的快速分析方法。提出了一种分布式环境下并行有限元分析策略，并从参数化有限元分析、有限元分析过程自动化和有限元分析任务动态分配三个方面阐述了其实现方法。提出的策略成功地应用于液压挖掘机工作装置的结构静动态协同优化设计中。     

水压轴向柱塞泵配流盘最小水膜厚度的理论分析——结构参数的影响

最小水膜厚度是保证配流盘静压支承工作的基本条件，本文提出了最小水膜厚度应满足的基本要求，在两种不同的运动副表面粗糙度下，分别讨论了配流盘静压支承的主要结构参数对最小水膜厚度的影响，另一方面，分析结果又为结构参数的设计提供了参考依据。     

飞机强度试验结构单点大载荷加载技术研究及应用北大核心

某型飞机弹射试验中单点集中载荷较大,受试验场地条件和试验设备能力等因素限制,现有加载方式难以满足试验集中大载荷加载要求。因此,综合考虑试验载荷大小、方向、加载位置、地轨承载能力、加载装置强度、质量、减载载荷等因素,通过多参数目标优化,得到满足试验需求的单点大载荷加载装置的最佳设计尺寸。研发的加载装置通过航向载荷主动卸载及垂向载荷卸载接口将大载荷优化分配,确保承载系统安全,实现集中大载荷的精准施加。所设计的单点集中大载荷加载系统已成功应用于某型飞机弹射载荷静力试验,试验加载中加载装置保持平稳,未发现破坏及目视可见变形,且试验测量数据与目标值相吻合,试验加载稳定性、重复性良好。     

周期式冷轧管机的发展

叙述了周期式冷轧管机国内外开发、研制的历史和现状。介绍了典型型号的周期式冷轧管机的技术参数,结构特点及目前应用情况。     

Mooring system diagnosis and structural reliability control for position moored vessels

Early diagnosis and fault-tolerant control are essential for safe operation of floating platforms where mooring systems maintain vessel position and must withstand environmental loads. This paper considers two critical faults, line breakage and loss of a buoyancy element and employs vector statistical change detection for timely diagnosis of faults. Diagnosis design is scrutinised and a procedure is proposed based on specified false alarm probability and estimation of the distribution of the test statistics on which change detection is based. A structural reliability index is applied for monitoring the safety level of each mooring line and a set-point chasing algorithm accommodates the effects of line failure, as an integral part of the reliability-based set-point chasing control algorithm. The feasibility of the diagnosis and of the fault-tolerant control strategy is verified in model basin tests.     

Detection of delamination in laminated composites with limited measurements combining PCA and dynamic QPSO

This paper presents an output only damage diagnostic algorithm based on frequency response functions and the principal components for health monitoring of laminated composite structures. The principal components evaluated from frequency response data, are employed as dynamical invariants to handle the effects of operational/environmental variability on the dynamic response of the structure. Finite element models of a laminated composite beam and plate are used to generate vibration data for healthy and damaged structures. Three numerical examples include a laminated composite beam, cantilever plate made of carbon–epoxy and a laminated composite simply supported plate. Varied levels of delamination of laminated composite plies and matrix cracking at varied locations in the plies are simulated at different spatial locations of the structure. Numerical investigations have been carried out to identify the spatial location of damage using the proposed principal component analysis (PCA) based algorithm. In order to limit the number of sensors on the structure, an optimal sensor placement algorithm based on PCA is employed in the present work and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with a limited number of sensors is also investigated. Finally, the inverse problem associated with the detection of delamination and matrix cracking is formulated as an optimization problem and is solved using the newly developed dynamic quantum particle swarm optimization (DQPSO) algorithm. Studies carried out and presented in this paper clearly indicate that the proposed SHM scheme can robustly identify the instant of damage, spatial location, the extent of delamination and matrix cracking even with limited sensor measurements and also with noisy data.     

一种可配置数据结构模型在汽车工程数据库中的应用

为了建立支撑汽车研发的数据库平台,在分析汽车工程数据特点基础上,提出一种数据库结构设计方法。该方法借鉴部分面向对象思想,首先对技术指标体系进行抽象及划分,然后配置对象模型,最后实例化产生实体。基于此思路设计数据库表结构模型,并在汽车工程数据库建设项目中使用该模型作为基础架构。应用情况表明该模型能够有效地描述工程数据,并能满足扩展需求。     

某无人作战平台翻转臂的结构优化设计

研究某无人作战平台翻转臂结构的优化设计,为确保可靠性以及提高灵活性,先进行前期结构优化设计和强度校核,再进行优化.根据随机变量法设计灵敏度,以相对密度为设计变量,以加权应变能为目标函数,分析不同参数对结构性能的影响;根据优化结果和加工工艺要求,通过修改对翻转臂结构影响最为灵敏的参数来改善模型的结构.仿真结果表明,优化后的翻转臂的质量减轻了近20％,达到了轻量化的目的,提高了翻转臂的灵活性,为武器平台的结构优化设计提供了依据.     

Comparing interpolation techniques for monthly rainfall mapping using multiple evaluation criteria and auxiliary data sources: A case study of Sri Lanka

Interpolating climatic variables such as rainfall is challenging due to the highly variable nature of meteorological processes, the effects of terrain and geography, and the difficulty in establishing a representative network of stations. While interpolation models are being adapted to include these effects, often the rainfall data contain significant gaps in coverage. In this paper, we evaluated rainfall data from an agro-ecological monitoring network for producing maps of total monthly rainfall in Sri Lanka. We compared four spatial interpolation techniques: inverse distance weighting, thin-plate splines, ordinary kriging, and Bayesian kriging. Error metrics were used to validate interpolations against independent data. Satellite data were used to assess the spatial pattern of rainfall. Results indicated that Bayesian kriging and splines performed best in low and high rainfall, respectively. Rainfall maps generated from the agro-ecological network were found to have accuracies consistent with previous studies in Sri Lanka.     

Modeling structural change in spatial system dynamics: A Daisyworld example

System dynamics (SD) is an effective approach for helping reveal the temporal behavior of complex systems. Although there have been recent developments in expanding SD to include systems’ spatial dependencies, most applications have been restricted to the simulation of diffusion processes; this is especially true for models on structural change (e.g. LULC modeling). To address this shortcoming, a Python program is proposed to tightly couple SD software to a Geographic Information System (GIS). The approach provides the required capacities for handling bidirectional and synchronized interactions of operations between SD and GIS. In order to illustrate the concept and the techniques proposed for simulating structural changes, a fictitious environment called Daisyworld has been recreated in a spatial system dynamics (SSD) environment. The comparison of spatial and non-spatial simulations emphasizes the importance of considering spatio-temporal feedbacks. Finally, practical applications of structural change models in agriculture and disaster management are proposed.