Short-term fault prediction based on support vector machines with parameter optimization by evolution strategy

Support vector machines (SVMs) are the effective machine-learning methods based on the structural risk minimization (SRM) principle, which is an approach to minimize the upper bound risk functional related to the generalization performance. The parameter selection is an important factor that impacts the performance of SVMs. Evolution Strategy with Covariance Matrix Adaptation (CMA-ES) is an evolutionary optimization strategy, which is used to optimize the parameters of SVMs in this paper. Compared with the traditional SVMs, the optimal SVMs using CMA-ES have more accuracy in predicting the Lorenz signal. The industry case illustrates that the proposed method is very successfully in forecasting the short-term fault of large machinery.     

Least squares twin support vector machines for pattern classification

In this paper we formulate a least squares version of the recently proposed twin support vector machine (TSVM) for binary classification. This formulation leads to extremely simple and fast algorithm for generating binary classifiers based on two non-parallel hyperplanes. Here we attempt to solve two modified primal problems of TSVM, instead of two dual problems usually solved. We show that the solution of the two modified primal problems reduces to solving just two systems of linear equations as opposed to solving two quadratic programming problems along with two systems of linear equations in TSVM. Classification using nonlinear kernel also leads to systems of linear equations. Our experiments on publicly available datasets indicate that the proposed least squares TSVM has comparable classification accuracy to that of TSVM but with considerably lesser computational time. Since linear least squares TSVM can easily handle large datasets, we further went on to investigate its efficiency for text categorization applications. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method over linear proximal SVM on all the text corpuses considered.     

A study on the use of statistical tests for experimentation with neural networks: Analysis of parametric test conditions and non-parametric tests

In this paper, we focus on the experimental analysis on the performance in artificial neural networks with the use of statistical tests on the classification task. Particularly, we have studied whether the sample of results from multiple trials obtained by conventional artificial neural networks and support vector machines checks the necessary conditions for being analyzed through parametrical tests. The study is conducted by considering three possibilities on classification experiments: random variation in the selection of test data, the selection of training data and internal randomness in the learning algorithm.The results obtained state that the fulfillment of these conditions are problem-dependent and indefinite, which justifies the need of using non-parametric statistics in the experimental analysis.     

基于支持向量机的文本隐写分析

通过对自然文本统计模型和特性的分析,指出隐藏消息后可能对文本统计特性带来的变化,提出基子支持向量机的通用检测算法。将文本的5个基本统计特征量作为分类特征向量,采用支持向量机对自然文本和载密文本进行有效分类检测。实验结果证明,该算法具有较好的适用性和可靠性。     

基于流形学习和SVM的Web文档分类算法

为解决Web文档分类问题,提出一种基于流形学习和SVM的Web文档分类算法。该算法利用流形学习算法LPP对训练集中的高维Web文档空间进行非线性降维,从中找出隐藏在高维观测数据中有意义的低维结构,在降维后的低维特征空间中利用乘性更新规则的优化SVM进行分类预测。实验结果表明该算法以较少的运行时间获得更高的分类准确率。     

基于EMD和SVDD的铸钢支座故障诊断

针对重庆轻轨铸钢支座系统故障诊断中缺乏故障样本的问题,提出一种基于经验模态分解（EMD）和支持向量数据描述（SVDD）的故障诊断方法。对采集到的振动脉冲响应信号进行EMD分解,提取第一、第二模态的能量和平均值作为特征输入到SVDD分类器进行训练和分类。实验结果表明,采用EMD分解后提取的特征能有效地浓缩故障信息,使SVDD分类器具有分类效果好、计算效率高等优点。     

基于SVM-2DPCA的X光胸片异常筛查

基于统计学习理论的支持向量机分类算法,提出一种X光胸片异常筛查系统,能够自动判别胸片的正常和异常。为了提高SVM算法的效率,利用小波变换等预处理手段去除对判读无用的图像冗余信息,采用二维主成分分析进一步降低图像特征维数。实验结果表明,SVM用于医学X光片异常筛查可行且有效、识别率高。     

一种新的最小二乘支持向量聚类

针对传统支持向量聚类的低性能和高耗费问题,提出最小二乘支持向量聚类(LSSVC)模型,设计自适应参数化方案。模型中包括两步簇划分算法和快速训练算法。前者对支持向量和非支持向量分别进行划分,后者采用增量方式,每次增量对应聚类模型的双向学习过程。实验结果证明,LSSVC可有效提高同类算法的效率,具有良好聚类能力,当数据增量为工作集大小的10%时,算法可在时间耗费和聚类准确率之间取得良好的平衡。     

基于感兴趣区梯度方向直方图的行人检测

针对以梯度方向直方图作为人体特征的行人检测存在向量维数较大、检测时间较长的问题,提出基于感兴趣区梯度方向直方图的行人检测方法,分别在头部及四肢等重点区域计算梯度方向直方图,有效地减少了向量维数。实验结果表明,该方法在检测率基本不变的情况下提高了检测速度。     

基于模糊支持向量机的步态识别

提出基于模糊支持向量机（FSVM）的步态识别方法,以人体步态的宽度向量作为特征,探讨直接取值法和模糊C均值2种模糊隶属度确定方法对FSVM步态分类效果的影响。实验结果表明,模糊C均值法的识别率均略好于SVM,直接取值法的识别率甚至低于SVM,因此,选取正确的模糊隶属度确定方法是FSVM能否成功应用于步态识别的关键。