The microscopical characterisation of thaumasite

BRE’s Microscopy unit have been extensively involved in the identification of new and unusual occurrences of the thaumasite form of sulfate attack (TSA) and thaumasite formation (TF). Using both optical and scanning electron microscopy a substantial database of information describing the location, form, composition and characteristics of TSA and TF in a series of different examples both within the UK and abroad has been developed. This paper describes the form taken by the TSA/TF within these various localities, and compares it with the characteristic taken by naturally occurring thaumasite.

Earlier work on the M5 concrete bridges in Gloucestershire, UK defined a four-stage degradation process, resulting in the formation of at least three microscopically distinct forms of thaumasite. This paper takes these basic stages and assesses their presence and makes some revisions to the characteristics of the TSA reaction, and its evolution within lower quality cement-derived materials, such as mortars and masonry. Finally the observed strong association of TSA and TF, with the “Popcorn” calcite form of deposition within more depleted areas of affected cement paste from degraded concrete-based material is also discussed along with a proposed mechanism of deterioration.     

天然免疫调节肽的研究概况

天然免疫调节肽对人体免疫系统具有免疫调节作用,按其来源可分为微生物来源、植物来源及动物来源,包括胞壁酰二肽、环孢素A、胎盘免疫调节因子、胸腺肽、神经肽等,国内外对天然免疫调节肽的结构、作用机制做了大量研究,并将其应用于动物实验或临床研究,取得了显著效果.     

Integrated Design System of Toroidal Field Coil for CFETR

Integrating engineering software is meaningful but challenging for a system code of a fusion device.This issue is seldom considered by system codes currently.Therefore,to discuss the issue,the Integrated Design System of TF Coil(IDS-TFC) has been worked out,which consists of physical calculation,CAD,and Finite Element Analysis(FEA).Furthermore,an Integrated and Automatically Optimized Method(IAOM) has been created to address the integration and interfaces.The method utilizes a geometry parameter to connect each design submodule and achieve automatic optimization.Double-objectives optimization has been realized,confirming it is feasible to integrate and optimize engineering design and physical calculation.Moreover,IDSTFC can also serve as a useful reference of integrated design processing for subsequent fusion design.     

Development of laser welding technology for fully austenitic stainless steel

The radial stainless steel plates (RPs) used for Toroidal field (TF) coils in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) are 13 m long, 9 m wide and 10 cm thick, which are quite large. Even though they are very large structures, high manufacturing tolerances and high mechanical strength at 4 K are required. It is also required that each RP should be fabricated every three weeks. Therefore, the authors intend to develop efficient manufacturing methods for an ITER TF coil RP. Laser welding is then selected as a welding method for RP. Especially, the development of high technology laser welding is necessary to prevent hot cracking in the material used for the RP; namely, fully austenitic stainless steel with high nitrogen content. The authors carried out trial laser welding experiments aiming at its application to RP. As a result, it was effective to make the angle of back inclination of the weld head at a uniform welding speed. It also seemed that the sensitivity of hot cracking could be reduced by optimizing the chemical compositions of material used for RP. The base material and the welded joints satisfied mechanical properties in 4 K. The application of the laser welding technology to the fully austenitic stainless steel was therefore demonstrated.     

一种并行传输的时频域扩频多载波DS-CDMA系统性能分析

提出了一种并行传输的时频域扩频多载波DS-CDMA系统,它先将传输数据进行串并转换而后经过时域和频域两次扩频。在不改变传输数据速率和扩频增益的情况下,并行传输可以增大符号时间和降低码片速率,从而提高信号的抗频率选择性衰落的能力和实现低速率信号处理。采用码片匹配滤波的方式对信号进行接收,分析了高斯信道下的单用户检测性能并推导了误比特率表达式。研究表明,在此系统中串并转换比与码片速率的降低和子载波个数成正比,而与误比特率无关;不存在比特间干扰;多用户干扰只存在于同一子载波传输的不同用户的数据比特之间,且可通过采用正交时域扩频码来消除;误比特率随用户数量的增加而增加,而随每比特信噪比和扩频增益的增加而降低;在带宽受限的情况下,可通过合理设置串并装换比、时域和频域扩频增益参数来简化系统实现,满足误比特率的性能需求。     

基于SVM金融分析报告的行业分类研究

针对传统金融分析报告分类效率低的问题,提出基于支持向量机的中文文本分类技术来对金融分析报告进行分类,该分类技术采用中科院提供的中文分词系统以及使用两种特征选择算法相结合进行分词和特征选择,并且提出针对TF／IDF权重计算的改进方法。该分类技术选择支持向量机作为分类算法,通过开源的支持向量机对样本进行训练和测试。实验结果表明,采用中文文本分类技术对金融分析报告按照行业进行分类能够满足金融机构的使用需求。     

对基于本体的搜索中用户偏好库的算法研究

介绍了本体的基本概念及其基本的元素。探讨了在基于本体的智能搜索中用户偏好库的作用和其类型,特别是客观世界中某一特定领域或主题的搜索中用户偏好库的研究。研究了用户偏好库中用户兴趣剖像生成的提取算法,即TF*IDF算法和TF*IWF*IWF算法和基于本体的查询扩展算法。并且讨论了各个算法之间的联系,论述了用户偏好库在基于本体的搜索系统中的独特作用。     

Rapid Optimal Generation Algorithm for Terrain Following Trajectory Based on Optimal Control

Based on the optimal control theory, a 3-dimensionnal direct generation algorithm is proposed for antiground low altitude penetration tasks under complex terrain. By optimizing the terrain following(TF) objective function, terrain coordinate system, missile dynamic model and control vector, the TF issue is turning into the improved optimal control problem whose mathmatical model is simple and need not solve the second order terraind erivative. Simulation results prove that this method is reasonable and feasible. The TF precision is in the scope from 0.3 m to 3.0 m, and the planning time is less than 30 min. This method have the strongpionts such as rapidness, precision and has great application value.     

Numerical simulation and experiment of error field measurement using luminous trace of electron beam in SST-1

In contrast to the earlier experiments conducted in other machines,here,in SST-1 the error field measurement experiment is performed with a filled gas pressure ～8×10~(-4) mbar which helped to create a luminescent toroidal beam of electron path originated due to impact excitation and guided by the toroidal magnetic field.Beam path deviations are observed and recorded from radial and top ports using visible range cameras.Such creation and detection of the electron beam path differs from the earlier works where the gun emitted electron beam deviation in ultrahigh vacuum was detected on a collector-grid/fluorescent screen.In the present experiment,large beam deviations were observed.Later investigation of the experimental set-up reveals existence of a possible source of radial electric field in between the source and the vacuum vessel which are separately grounded.Thus,to understand the observed phenomena,experiments are numerically modeled with deviated TF coil set,PF coil set and the electron source location.A particle tracing code is used to follow the electron path in the magnetic field generated by the coil set of interest.Simulation results suggest that the large deviation corresponds to the E×B drifts and not due to the large field errors.Toroidally averaged field errors of the SST-1 TF coils at toroidal field of B_0=15 kG are negligibly small～B_0×10~(-6) or less,which should not adversely affect the plasma performance.