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991.
This paper addresses the aging behaviour of NiCr/CuNiMn/NiCr triple layers on Al2O3 ceramics at temperatures up to 200°C for film thicknesses d0.5 μm. Investigations of the film structure and the increase of resistance and its temperature coefficient during the annealing process and studies of the dependence of this aging drift on both the film thickness and the storage temperature have been carried out. Furthermore, the film stress and the effect of substrate bending on resistance have been measured. The results can be explained by the irregular film structure (columns and small bridges between them), which causes stress and current concentrations as well as local creeping, cracking and oxidation processes in the micro-bridges. They are compared with such for structurally homogeneous films on silicon wafers. 相似文献
992.
本文综述了非均匀介质中场与波理论近年来的研究进展及其应用成果,着重介绍了非均匀介质中的电磁场正演分析和反演计算中的各种高效数值方法,以及它们在电法测井数值模拟和成象研究中的成功应用。 相似文献
993.
无源微波遥感用于地震预报的实验研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
对无源微波遥感用于地震预报在理论研究的基础上对不同岩性不同结构的岩石试件进行了加载实验,测量了岩石试件的微波辐射随载荷的变化.实验得出:岩石试件的微波辐射能量随岩石应力状态变化而显著变化;而且,不同的波段变化的幅度不同;同一波段不同极化方式的波随应力变化的变化量也不同;微波辐射能量的变化能够被卫星微波遥感探测器探测到.实验还发现,岩石试件临破裂前出现明显的微波辐射异常. 相似文献
994.
995.
本文采用柔度矩阵法,对多层多跨铰接框架进行静力与动力分析,附有实例。与刚度法相比,其优点是使矩阵降价,方法实用,可应用于工业厂房和一般刚架设计中。 相似文献
996.
Due to technology scaling and increasing clock frequency, problems due to noise effects lead to an increase in design/debugging efforts and a decrease in circuit performance. This paper addresses the problem of efficiently and accurately generating two-vector tests for crosstalk induced effects, such as pulses, signal speedup and slowdown, in digital combinational circuits. These noise effects can propagate through a circuit and create a logic error in a latch or at a primary output. We have developed a mixed-signal test generator, called XGEN, that incorporates classical static values as well as dynamic signals such as transitions and pulses, and timing information such as signal arrival times, rise/fall times, and gate delay. In this paper we first discuss the general framework of the test generation algorithm followed by computational results. Comparison of results with SPICE simulations confirms the accuracy of this approach. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
Measurements of the thermal diffusivity of thin films on substrate have been performed by the photoacoustic method. In order to examine the method we have built a new apparatus and proposed (1) a system calibration procedure using optically and thermally thick reference samples and (2) a data analysis procedure based on the RG (Rosencwaig and Gersho) theory. As a result of using a transparent photoacoustic cell, the systematic errors which are caused by stray light have been reduced. With this apparatus, measurements have been performed on platinum, titanium, and stainless steel (SUS304) thin foils (thickness form 50 to 100 µm) with three different liquid backing materials (water, glycerol, and ethyl alcohol). The reproducibility was within ±7% regardless of film thickness and substrate materials. 相似文献
1000.
A new principle and arrangement for directly determining the angle of incidence of an optical beam on an object are proposed and demonstrated. The novelty of the approach lies in the realization of a ‘smart object’, which extracts a portion of the incident beam's power into an optical waveguide attached to the object's surface or embedded in its body for converting the angle of incidence into the position of a guided beam with finite lateral extent. This ‘integrated optical light pointer’ beam is accomplished by means of creating additional degrees of freedom on the target in two different ways. While a first type is based on introducing spatial variations of the waveguide thickness, a second type makes use of a chirp of the grating periodicity. The feasibility for practical applications has been experimentally demonstrated by a direct comparison with a commercial high-resolution encoder, resulting in an r.m.s. error of <30′'. Measurements have been performed for chips fabricated based on replicated polycarbonate substrates and with no external optics, showing the great potential of this approach for realizing low-cost yet high-performance miniature goniometers. 相似文献