The multi-district team orienteering problem

This paper introduces the multi-district team orienteering problem. In this problem, one must schedule a set of mandatory and optional tasks located in several districts, within a planning horizon. The total available time determined by the length of the planning horizon must be distributed among the districts. All mandatory tasks within each district must be performed, while the other tasks can be performed if time allows. A positive profit or score is collected whenever an optional task is performed. Additionally, some incompatibility constraints between tasks are taken into account. The objective is to determine a schedule for a set of tasks to be performed daily within each district, while maximizing the total collected profit. A mixed integer formulation and an adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic are proposed for this problem. The performance of the proposed algorithm is assessed over a large set of randomly generated instances. Computational results confirm the efficiency of the algorithm.     

Real-time interrupt handling in Ada

The Ada? programming language defines the semantics of interrupt handling as part of the tasking mechanism, making it possible to construct implementation-independent interrupt handlers. However, for the Ada mechanism to be effective, an implementation must provide support not specified by the Ada standard, such as for initializing hardware interrupting devices, handling unexpected interrupts and optimizing for real-time performance constraints. This paper analyses some of the constraints that efficient interrupt support places on an implementation. It develops a model for the interaction between interrupt hardware and Ada tasks and describes optimizations for Ada interrupt handlers. Implementation issues, including task priorities and task termination for interrupt handlers, are discussed in detail.     

英语影视观看任务对词汇附带习得的影响

国内外尤其是国内学者主要是研究在阅读环境下的词汇附带习得,而在英文影视教学模式下的词汇附带习得的著作甚少。本文通过观看电影后的词汇测试,调查学生在完成不同影视观看任务如复述大意、回答问题和随意记笔记时二语词汇附带习得的情况。研究表明不同的观看任务在不同程度上都促进了二语词汇附带习得的效果,并且观看电影后复述的任务在促进词汇附带习得方面优于回答问题和随意记笔记两种任务。     

任务分配与调度中的遗传算法：知识表示与遗传算法子研究

Task matching and scheduling play an important role in parallel and distributed systems.In order to use genetic algorithms(Gas) for tasks matching and scheduling,not only appropriate representations of solutions but also genetic operators’efficiency and generality are very important.In this paper,analysis between problem space and representation space is given at the first.Then based on the representation of permutation,two general efficient genetic operators are proposed,order crossover(OCX)and migration. OCX generates new schedules with heuristic due to the problem space with constraints among tasks. Migration transfers a task from one processor to another within a schedule. The simulation results of algorithms and conclusions are given at last.     

双边匹配方法在企业众包平台的应用实践

对现代企业而言,众包模式的成功应用具有十分重要的意义.借助众包模式充分挖掘企业内部资源,吸引企业外部资源,对提升企业生产创新效率、降低经营管理成本、增加企业效益具有积极作用.以企业内部众包为例,将双边匹配方法在汽车模具工艺众包平台中进行应用,以任务需求与用户能力的匹配程度和用户对任务的偏好程度为满意度衡量指标,分析和研...     

Factors limiting the development of task analysis

Abstract

This paper sets out to summarize the current status of task analysis. There is a lack of consensus over terminology. Approaches have emerged from different theoretical and methodological sources and have been developed in different applications contexts. This has lead to a great variety of approaches, which have been used at different stages of analysis and have been given various names. Strategies for improving this situation are suggested, as are criteria for assessing approaches. The need to progress towards a well-established methodology is evident, but it is seen as a long-term goal.     

Performance on driving-related tasks during music

The effect of music on driving-related tracking and vigilance tasks was examined. Participants carried out the tasks either singularly (low demand) or together (high demand) under conditions of silence, low-intensity music of high intensity music. The results indicated that while the relatively simple tracking task was not affected by the music, response time to centrally located visual signals was improved under both music conditions and under both low- and high-demand situations. High-intensity music was associated with an increase in response time to peripheral signals under high-demand conditions. The results are discussed in relation to increased selectivity of attention with music-induced arousal.     

用成组技术分解调度问题

本文首先给出一个复杂调度问题的例子，说明应用成组技术求解调度问题的可能性和重要性。在深入讨论求解成组问题流行的矩阵方法基础上，提出任务分层集群算法和子任务串并关系标识算法。前者可以逐层分解调度问题，后者则能标识子任务之间的相互关系。最后以实例验证这两种算法的有效性．     

A Review of: “The Dictionary of Developmental and Educational Psychology”. Edited by ROM HARRE and ROGER LAMB (Oxford: Black well, 1986.) [Pp. xi + 271.] Price unknown,ISBN 0-631-14604-0.

Preventive measures aimed at minimizing the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs (WMSDs) associated with repetitive tasks can be divided into three categories: structural, organizational and educational. Whenever specific risk and injury assessments have shown the need for preventive action, this is most often implemented within the framework of a range of assorted measures. In particular, structural measures involve optimizing the layout of the work area and furnishings, and the 'ergonomic' properties of work tools and equipment. Such measures serve to alleviate the problems caused by the use of excessive force and awkward postures. The authors refer to the principles guiding such structural measures, in the light of the extensive literature that has been published on the subject. Organizational (or reorganizational) measures essentially relate to job design (i.e. distribution of tasks, speeds and pauses). They serve to alleviate problems connected with highly repetitive and frequent actions, excessively lengthy tasks and inadequate recovery periods. Very few relevant findings are available: the authors therefore illustrate in some detail a practical trial conducted in a major engineering firm. The objective was to lower to acceptable limits the frequency of certain repetitive tasks performed using the upper limbs. The trial made it possible to identify a suitable plan and schedule of measures taking into due consideration the impact of the plan on production levels (and costs). The fundamental principles guiding the adoption of specific educational and training programmes for the workers and their supervisors are presented and discussed.     

基于T-CPU的多缸电液比例同步控制系统研究与应用

介绍了多缸同步控制的几种传统方法,国内外多缸电液比例同步控制技术的发展概况.论述了基于西门子T-CPU(Technological tasks with SIMATIC)进行多缸电液比例同步控制系统的技术方案,包括硬件组成原理、软件系统、“同步轴”概念等,并介绍了其在液压板料折弯机中的应用.