3D集成的发展现状与趋势

三维集成技术的发展是技术与理念的革新过程,本文根据集成封装技术的的发展历程,提出三维集成的发展特点,阐述理念的突破如何引导技术发展,以此为主线,可以更有逻辑性的了解三维集成的发展历史与趋势.封装从器件级向系统级的发展促使了多种系统级封装概念的出现;垂直堆叠方式推动互连长度不断降低;与晶圆级封装的结合可以大幅度降低成本;从同质向异质的转变则集成了多种学科、材料与技术,是实现复杂的系统的基础.     

影响白光数码管光学性能的研究

通过分析LED封装材料中固晶胶对白光的影响,给出了不同固晶胶对白光LED光衰的效果图;通过分析荧光粉对白光LED光性能的影响,给出了用同一成分荧光粉加不同波长蓝光芯片形成的CCT/Ra关系图、同一波长蓝光芯片加不同成分荧光粉CCT/Ra关系图和蓝光芯片激发下荧光粉的相对亮度随温度的变化;通过分析配粉胶对白光LED光性能的影响,给出了不同折射率硅胶封装的白光LED光衰情况和膜清洗后不同折射率硅胶封装的白光LED光衰情况影响。从而可以依据光性能的需要,选择相应封装材料,并进行白光LED的封装设计与制造。     

基于红外辐射偏振成像的目标三维重建方法

三维重建技术已在工业自动化领域得到了广泛的应用,但对于工业生产线中玻璃、锻造件等表面结构单一、高反光、无纹理的高温产品,利用传统的三维重建方法得到的三维重建结果往往不准确.这些高温物体会产生红外偏振自发辐射,提出了基于红外辐射偏振成像的目标三维重建方法.首先建立红外偏振辐射模型,分析目标表面红外辐射偏振态与目标表面法向...     

IaaS云中面向能源效率优化的虚拟机调度算法(英文)

In IaaS Cloud,different mapping relationships between virtual machines(VMs) and physical machines(PMs) cause different resource utilization,so how to place VMs on PMs to reduce energy consumption is becoming one of the major concerns for cloud providers.The existing VM scheduling schemes propose optimize PMs or network resources utilization,but few of them attempt to improve the energy efficiency of these two kinds of resources simultaneously.This paper proposes a VM scheduling scheme meeting multiple resource constraints,such as the physical server size(CPU,memory,storage,bandwidth,etc.) and network link capacity to reduce both the numbers of active PMs and network elements so as to finally reduce energy consumption.Since VM scheduling problem is abstracted as a combination of bin packing problem and quadratic assignment problem,which is also known as a classic combinatorial optimization and NP-hard problem.Accordingly,we design a twostage heuristic algorithm to solve the issue,and the simulations show that our solution outperforms the existing PM- or network-only optimization solutions.     

基于CT扫描的煤中孔裂隙精细表征

为了深入探究煤层气赋存和运移的机理,需要对煤中孔裂隙进行定性分析和精细定量表征。为此,以沁水盆地南部五阳矿3号煤层的原煤为研究对象,应用X射线对原煤煤心进行360°全角度步进式扫描,借助CT分析构建出其三维数字化可视模型,在此基础上,采用DTM灰度阈值分割法求出孔裂隙的灰度阈值分割点,识别煤中孔裂隙,并与扫描电镜观测到的结果进行对比;采用Avizo软件建立孔裂隙系统的球棒模型,实现了对孔裂隙的定量表征,并与压汞实验结果进行对比。研究结果表明:(1)DTM灰度阈值分割法可以准确识别煤中孔裂隙,并且与扫描电镜图像中同一裂隙的形态和发育尺度基本一致;(2)利用CT扫描可以准确识别直径19.20 mm、高度10.59 mm样品中孔径大于12.40μm的孔裂隙,展现孔裂隙在三维空间的分布情况;(3)压汞实验结果与CT扫描结果仅在以非连通孔隙为主的20~40μm孔径段存在差异,而在40μm以上孔径段二者的孔裂隙体积变化趋势则一致,其中CT扫描的分析结果更为可靠。     

导电填料对电子浆料性能影响的研究进展

导电填料是导电浆料的重要组成部分,其决定了浆料的导电性能,同时影响烧结固化膜的焊接强度、机械强度等物理性能。根据导电填料的分类,从含量、粒径、形貌和表面性能等方面综述其对导电浆料性能影响的相关研究进展。介绍了新型石墨纳米填料,并提出进行纳米填料、低成本环保浆料的开发,丰富产品品种、提高产品质量的发展方向。     

稀疏阵时分多相位中心孔径综合及其应用

为了降低机载三维成像雷达系统的复杂度,该文研究了基于稀疏阵三维成像雷达系统中的重要问题。提出了稀疏阵时分多相位中心孔径综合方法,通过运动补偿,该方法使综合后的相位中心数量和分布情况和满阵天线的相同,从而避免了稀疏阵旁瓣较高的问题;利用模拟退火算法对阵列进行了优化,以使实际使用的阵元最少;由于交轨阵列尺寸远小于场景宽度,系统采用了子孔径三维成像算法。实例分析和仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于冗余节点休眠和分阶段唤醒策略的传感器网络三维覆盖控制方法

该文针对无线传感器网络中节点能量有限且密集布点时存在大量冗余节点的情况,提出了基于冗余节点休眠和分阶段唤醒策略的无线传感器网络3维覆盖控制方法。在3维待监测区域中随机配置大量传感器节点,达到高密度分布,使冗余节点处于休眠状态,等待活跃节点能量耗尽之后,分阶段唤醒休眠节点,直至整个传感器网络中所有节点的能量都耗尽为止。仿真结果表明,该方法提高了传感器网络的网络性能,且对相同的传感器节点数,分阶段唤醒策略优于不分阶段的唤醒策略,先使冗余节点休眠之后再唤醒方法的网络性能高于直接唤醒方法的网络性能。     

A novel distributed scheduling approach powered by central databases in optical burst networks

In terms of the growth rate, network capacity is slower than network traffic. To solve the mismatch between them, utilization of available capacity can be maximized to provide “best-fit” service for emerging applications (e.g., eBanking, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file exchanges, etc.). To satisfy such a requirement, we propose a three-dimensional label scheduling algorithm (TD-LSA), which is a distributed scheduling approach powered by central databases. In the proposal, all connections are provisioned in three dimensions (i.e., space, time and wavelength) in a distributed way and uniquely identified by three-dimensional labels. And in this way a three-dimensional connection is more robust than a single-dimensional connection because the three-dimensional approach can avoid potential scheduling conflicts as much as possible by using central databases in a network. Thus, the central databases can reduce bandwidth consumption and offer “best-fit” service for three-dimensional connections. Furthermore, in order to further reduce bandwidth consumption and to match with a priority of traffic, K-least hop first path (K-LHPF) and a rescheduling mechanism are applied to our proposal. Simulation experiments demonstrate that our proposal achieves the expected performance gain against existing alternates.

Isotropic Constitutive Model for Sintering Particle Packings

This paper presents an isotropic model for the effective viscosities of sintering particle packings. The relationship between the macroscopic stress and deformation rate is based on the behavior of individual interparticle contacts, represented by contact viscosities, and the statistics of the packing. The contact viscosities depend on the contact area, which is the primary variable used to describe the state of the packing. A direct consequence of this choice of state variable is that the effective viscosities are identically zero for an undeformed and unsintered packing. Specific results are presented for the case of Newtonian viscous materials. The model is compared with existing models for porous Newtonian viscous materials. Experiments conducted with spherical glass powder packings show good agreement with the model. Finite-element simulations using the model have been used to study forging of a pellet.