基于ABAQUS平台的四渡河悬索桥隧道锚围岩稳定性分析

隧道锚在实际工程中应用不多，目前对其稳定性的研究相对较少。基于大型通用非线性有限元分析软件ABAQUS的计算平台，利用该软件提供的用户材料子程序UMAT接口，将基于Rankine准则的Mohr-Coulomb模型添入ABAQUS中，采用Foamn语言开发了接口程序，并在此基础上对四渡河悬索桥隧道锚进行二维弹塑性有限元分析，计算了初始地应力场，模拟了隧道锚与公路隧道的新奥法施工过程，并考虑了开挖过程中隧洞周边接触软弱层的形成。将锚碇围岩的稳定性和锚固系统的整体安全度作为主要研究内容，其计算结果和长江科学院采用FLAC3D的分析结果比较，二者具有一致性。研究结果表明，所研制的接口程序开发思路正确，计算精度满足要求，所完成的工作为隧道锚设计提供了依据，具有相当重要的工程价值。     

激光选区熔化成形铝合金板与CFRP复合材料层合板螺栓连接结构失效分析方法评估

对激光选区熔化成形(SLM)铝合金板与碳纤维增强树脂基(CFRP)复合材料层合板两列四排沉头螺栓单剪连接件在拉伸载荷作用下进行了数值分析和试验研究。基于渐进损伤法的三维有限元模型准确地预测了连接件材料损伤萌生和演变,对比试验和三维有限元所得钉载比例、极限载荷及失效模式,可以发现,通过拟合SLM铝合金板断裂应变和应力三轴度曲线,编写UMAT子程序引入韧性准则和Hashin失效准则的三维有限元模型预测的连接件失效载荷与试验值误差仅为1.9%,且失效模式均为净截面拉断,两者吻合,此方法可以满足工程精度要求。利用经过验证的数值模型,分别预测了SLM铝合金板和CFRP层合板损伤演变过程,并分析了SLM铝合金板刚度对连接结构失效模式的影响,当SLM铝合金板厚度增大到4mm时,连接结构失效模式由SLM铝合金板净截面拉断转移到CFRP层合板上。     

基于Abaqus的合成纤维缆动刚度特性

基于Abaqus的AQUA模块，分析外激励作用下合成纤维缆的动力特性。使用Abaqus中UMAT子程序模拟缆索的动刚度特性。以水深为1 500 m的深水绷紧式系泊系统为研究对象，分别对其进行静刚度和动刚度计算，比较2种情况下缆索张力的变化。传统缆索张力算法认为整根缆的张力与刚度相同，分别以缆首端和尾端为研究对象，比较其动张力与动刚度的区别，说明在采用传统算法计算时存在误差。分析自重和海流力对缆索张力和动刚度的影响，发现自重和海流力在张力计算中不可忽略。分析外激励幅值和周期变化对缆索张力和动刚度的影响，结果表明张力峰值随外激励幅值的增大而增大，缆索张力和动刚度周期随外激励周期的变化而变化。     

A new method to simulate the micro-thermo-mechanical behaviors evolution in dispersion nuclear fuel elements

The large-deformation constitutive relations and stress update algorithms in a co-rotational framework are formulated respectively for the fuel particles, the matrix and cladding in dispersion nuclear fuel elements undergoing irradiation, with the main irradiation-induced effects within them considered. Their specific consistent tangent stiffness moduli are also developed. Correspondingly, the user subroutines UMAT have been programmed for definition of their mechanical constitutive relations. Besides, the user subroutines UMATHT have been written to define their thermal constitutive relations, in which degradation of the thermal conductivity of fuel particles are involved. An efficient method is established for modeling the irradiation-induced micro-thermo-mechanical behaviors evolution in dispersion nuclear fuel elements. The developed methodology is validated with the simulation results of the thermo-mechanical behaviors in fuel elements under an assumed irradiation condition. This study lays a foundation for optimal design of dispersion fuel elements.     

基于ABAQUS的岩体本构模型二次开发

基于大型通用有限元分析软件ABAQUS计算平台,利用该软件提供的用户材料子程序UMAT接口添加自定义材料。推导了基于Rankine准则的Drucker-Prager本构模型公式,并采用Fortran语言开发了ABAQUS接口程序,研究结果表明,所研制的接口程序开发思路正确,计算精度满足要求。     

A new implementation of the spectral crystal plasticity framework in implicit finite elements

We present a new implementation of a computationally efficient crystal plasticity model in an implicit finite element (FE) framework. In recent publications, we have reported a standalone version of a crystal plasticity model based on fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) and termed it the spectral crystal plasticity (SCP) model. In this approach, iterative solvers for obtaining the mechanical response of a single crystal of any crystallographic orientation subjected to any deformation mode are replaced by a database of FFTs that allows fast retrieval of the solution. The standalone version of the code facilitates simulations of relatively simple monotonic deformation processes under homogeneous boundary conditions. In this paper, we present a new model that enables simulations of complex, non-monotonic deformation process with heterogeneous boundary conditions. For this purpose, we derive a fully analytical Jacobian enabling an efficient coupling of SCP with implicit finite elements. In our implementation, an FE integration point can represent a single crystal or a polycrystalline material point whose meso-scale mechanical response is obtained by the mean-field Taylor-type homogenization scheme. The finite element spectral crystal plasticity (FE-SCP) implementation has been validated for several monotonic loading conditions and successfully applied to rolling and equi-channel angular extrusion deformation processes. Predictions of the FE-SCP simulations compare favorably with experimental measurements. Details of the FE-SCP implementation and predicted results are presented and discussed in this paper.     

Efficient thermo‐mechanical model for solidification processes

A new, computationally efficient algorithm has been implemented to solve for thermal stresses, strains, and displacements in realistic solidification processes which involve highly nonlinear constitutive relations. A general form of the transient heat equation including latent‐heat from phase transformations such as solidification and other temperature‐dependent properties is solved numerically for the temperature field history. The resulting thermal stresses are solved by integrating the highly nonlinear thermo‐elastic‐viscoplastic constitutive equations using a two‐level method. First, an estimate of the stress and inelastic strain is obtained at each local integration point by implicit integration followed by a bounded Newton–Raphson (NR) iteration of the constitutive law. Then, the global finite element equations describing the boundary value problem are solved using full NR iteration. The procedure has been implemented into the commercial package Abaqus (Abaqus Standard Users Manuals, v6.4, Abaqus Inc., 2004) using a user‐defined subroutine (UMAT) to integrate the constitutive equations at the local level. Two special treatments for treating the liquid/mushy zone with a fixed grid approach are presented and compared. The model is validated both with a semi‐analytical solution from Weiner and Boley (J. Mech. Phys. Solids 1963; 11 :145–154) as well as with an in‐house finite element code CON2D (Metal. Mater. Trans. B 2004; 35B (6):1151–1172; Continuous Casting Consortium Website. http://ccc.me.uiuc.edu [30 October 2005]; Ph.D. Thesis, University of Illinois, 1993; Proceedings of the 76th Steelmaking Conference, ISS, vol. 76, 1993) specialized in thermo‐mechanical modelling of continuous casting. Both finite element codes are then applied to simulate temperature and stress development of a slice through the solidifying steel shell in a continuous casting mold under realistic operating conditions including a stress state of generalized plane strain and with actual temperature‐dependent properties. Other local integration methods as well as the explicit initial strain method used in CON2D for solving this problem are also briefly reviewed and compared. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

循环荷载作用下钢材的试验及本构模型研究

为了研究钢材的超低周疲劳性能及循环荷载作用下的本构关系,对50组Q235-B和Q345-B钢材进行超低周疲劳试验。研究了Q235-B和Q345-B钢材的力学性能,如:单调加载性能、滞回性能及滞回准则。通过对钢材全过程滞回性能的研究,建立了循环荷载作用下钢材的简化单轴本构模型。基于有限元软件ABAQUS的用户子程序接口UMAT,用户可自定义钢材的单轴本构属性。通过引入纤维梁单元,可利用单轴本构模型进行结构分析。通过对比各种荷载作用下Q235-B和Q345-B钢材的试验数据,验证了本模型的正确性,利用本模型可进行钢框架的非线性时程分析。试验和数值分析结果均表明:Q235-B和Q345-B钢材在循环荷载和单调荷载作用下的性能有很大不同,钢材屈服后,循环荷载作用下的骨架曲线比单调荷载作用下更高;循环次数和振幅大小对材料韧性的影响很大。当受循环荷载作用时,钢材提前发生颈缩和断裂,这表明累积损伤降低了钢材的韧性。     

V型凹口对液态熔盐堆用核石墨构件应力分析的影响

本文利用了一个根据球床模块堆(Pebble Bed Modular Reactor,PBMR)用核石墨材料辐照性能数据编写的用户自定义材料模型(User defined Material model,UMAT),按照美国橡树岭国家实验室(Oak Ridge National Laboratory,ORNL)的液态燃料熔盐试验堆(Molten Salt Reactor Experiment,MSRE)用核石墨构件尺寸,为钍基熔盐堆(Thorium-based Molten Salt Reactor,TMSR)设计了一款方型核石墨构件。利用新编UMAT对该核石墨构件进行了初步的应力分析。分析结果表明,在没有预制裂纹的情况下辐照梯度越大核石墨构件中心区域最大主应力值越大,构件的断裂位置可能出现在构件中心位置处;对于有V型凹口预制裂纹的情况,应力集中部位均出现在预制裂纹尖端附近,这将可能导致裂纹尖端附近出现裂纹扩展,从而引起构件断裂失效。