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91.
通过引入归一化脉宽P和相对脉冲展宽因子q,提出了一个适用于IM/DD系统中各种眼图恶化量x和归一化脉宽P的色散限制改进公式。通过与其它理论的比较、计算机仿真和对实验数据的分析,验证了该公式的正确性,并给出了其它结果的限制条件。研究表明:当眼图恶化量x为1dB左右时,对2.5Gb/;外调制信号(α=0)而言,非色散位移光纤IM/DD系统的色散因子γ约等于0.79,所对应的系统再生中继距离约为900余公里。 相似文献
92.
Cell suspensions of Escherichia coli as a model for bacterial populations in wastewaters were treated with ozone as a disinfectant in a continuously operated pilot plant with a plug flow reactor. Suspensions with an initial number of CFU (colony forming units) of 108 mL?1 were ozonized with ozone concentrations up to 12 mg/L. Metabolic activities and membrane functions break down with increasing ozone concentrations. The fluorochromization using 3′,6′-diacetylfluorescein (FDA) proved to be a suitable method for the detection of an alteration in permeability of the cell membranes and an inactivation of metabolic activity. By fluorescence microscopic and photometric investigations it could be clearly demonstrated that, in the case of disinfection with ozone, inactivation of the cells includes first of all a damage of the cell membranes. In contrast to the determination of the number of CFU, fluorochromization allows the detection of alteration in metabolic activities. 相似文献
93.
Cu, In and Se have been codeposited in thin films by potentiostatic one-step electrodeposition. The as-deposited material has shown direct optical transitions attributable to the CuInSe2 semiconductor, but also additional absorption corresponding to another semimetallic phase. The secondary phases are selenium and copper selenide compounds which have been determined by composition measurements. In order to eliminate the semimetallic phases and to improve the semiconductor behaviour of the electrodeposited material, thermal and chemical treatments have been performed. After heat-treatment of the samples at 400°C in flowing argon, elemental selenium loss has been detected together with an enhancement of the allowed direct optical transition. The subsequent chemical etching of the layers in a KCN solution has showed to be successful in eliminating the copper selenide phases which were responsible of the remaining sub-bandgap absorption. 相似文献
94.
Paulo S. André António L. Teixeira Armando N. Pinto Lara P. Pellegrino Berta B. Neto José F. Rocha Joäo L. Pinto Paulo N. Monteiro 《ETRI Journal》2006,28(2):257-259
In this letter, we will evaluate the performance degradation of a 40 km high‐speed (40 Gb/s) optical system, induced by optical fiber variations of the chromatic dispersion induced by temperature changes. The chromatic dispersion temperature sensitivity will be estimated based on the signal quality parameters. 相似文献
95.
针对梅山自产焦炭,利用梅山焦炭反应性试验设备,通过改变焦炭块数、CO2流量和温度等控制参数,讨论了这些参数对焦炭反应性和反应后强度检测值的影响,以及保证测定可靠性应采取的控制措施。 相似文献
96.
An adaptable die is one that not only produces the correct geometrical shape, but also is designed through an adaptable method to impart other desirable properties to the product or process. In this first part of a series of papers, six kinematically admissible velocity fields are developed for use in upper bound models for axisymmetric extrusion through various dies, including extrusion through adaptable dies. Three base velocity fields are presented:
- (1) assuming proportional angles in the deformation zone,
- (2) assuming proportional areas in the deformation zone, or
- (3) assuming proportional distances from the centerline in the deformation zone.
97.
Interest in advanced modulation formats for optical communication systems has so far experienced two major waves. The first one was motivated by the potential to enhance receiver sensitivity of thermal noise-limited systems using coherent detection in combination with phase shift keying. It ended with the advent of optical amplification, enabling high sensitivities together with polarization insensitive, simple and stable direct detection. The second wave is still rolling, fueled by the potential of advanced modulation formats to increase robustness of optical transmission systems against signal distortions. Due to performance limitations given by direct detection and nonlinear effects in the transmission fiber, it is not decided yet, whether there will be widespread application in carrier networks. 相似文献
98.
介绍了激光起爆与点火系统中光纤连接器的原理、种类、技术特性及损耗,并对激光起爆与点火系统中光纤连接器的研制动向进行了概括,最后得出一些结论。 相似文献
99.
In the design process of the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) reactor using TiO2-coated foam nickels, the optimum of catalyst film thickness, light intensity and flow velocity were considered. A model was developed to study the effect of catalyst film thickness on photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde by a TiO2-coated foam nickel at continuous flow mode. In this model, external mass transfer and internal molecule diffusion-reaction were considered. A first-order kinetics equation was used to account for the photocatalytic reaction. Two exponential equations were employed to describe the distribution of light intensities in foam nickels and catalyst films, respectively. Validated with experimental data, the model can be used to predict the optimal thickness of catalyst films. A method for determining appropriate light intensities was proposed and discussed. The appropriate light intensity can be obtained by giving a margin, regarded as an excess coefficient, to the light intensity calculated based on the assumption of complete use of excited electron–hole pairs. The excess coefficient needs to be determined experimentally. In addition, the optimal flow velocity of PCO reactors could be consistent with the required one by changing the windward area of foam nickels. Based on the theoretical analyses, a novel PCO reactor containing 15 parallel-connected cells was designed. Each reaction cell was composed of an UV lamp and a TiO2-coated tubular foam nickel. The performance of the reactor was tested by degrading gaseous formaldehyde at an indoor concentration level. The results showed that the reactor had low pressure loss and good degradation capability. 相似文献
100.
Zeng Yang Xiao-Feng Peng Duu-Jong Lee Ay Su 《Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers》2007
Most theoretical models assume constant permeability of wastewater sludge floc. This work shows that, at creeping flow limit with small intrafloc Reynolds number, the permeability of floc can not only be affected by floc structure, but also by the external flow condition. The three-dimensional structure of flocs using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was firstly probed. Then, the volumetric grid models for sludge flocs were constructed. We noted that the floc permeability could keep unchanged, increased, or decreased at increased Reynolds number (Re). Flow redistribution among channels of various sizes contributes to the noted Re-dependent permeability of flocs. 相似文献