Effects of pen design on drawing and writing performance

Two experiments are reported with the aim of determining the effect of pen shape and size on two different types of task: drawing and writing. Experiment 1 attempted to determine the optimum shape and size of shank for ball-point pens used to perform an accurate drawing task. Twenty-seven participants used a total of nine different pens. Drawing performance was measured by having the subjects follow mazes of different size. The dependent variables were drawing movement time and drawing accuracy. The results indicate that the pen with an equivalent diameter of 8 mm had the best accuracy during drawing, even though it had the lowest speed. The results confirm the applicability and validity of the Drury tracking model for such a task. Even though users tended to prefer larger pens, their accuracy with such pens tended to be low.In a second experiment, subjects performed a writing task (with no accuracy constraints) and rated their preference for types of pen. An attempt was made to determine the preferred dimensions of ball-point pens for writing in Chinese and English. A total of 36 ‘bare-bodied’ pens and 20 Chinese subjects were used to evaluate the effects of shape, size and weight on time to write a sentence. The Writing Ability, Comfort and an Overall Rating were given by the subjects. The results indicate that the Chinese subjects preferred a circular shaped pen for writing in both languages. A factor analysis showed that speed, comfort and writing ability are independent parameters in pen evaluations.     

采访彼德·埃森曼

采访主要包括5个方面话题：对建筑教育的态度和对在美国普林斯顿大学40年教学经历的终止的回顾；如何理解埃森曼的批判性写作、批判性阅读和批判性实践之间的关系，以及在不断发展中所呈现出的多样变化甚至矛盾关系；对建筑学的一些基本问题的认识，以及这些认识与当代语境之间的联系；作为一个重要的文化角色，埃氏本人如何理解他的同事和学生所提出的“后批判”和“投射理论”，以及他本人如何进行回应；关于中国的话题。     

在多媒体课堂教学软件中实现板书

多媒体课堂教学当中的板书问题的实现步骤和程序。     

Four dimensions of significance: Tradition, method, theory, originality

In this article, I reflect on four dimensions of assessing the significance of research in the computers and composition field: tradition, method, theory, and originality. Considering these four key concepts as topoi will help our community define, explain, and predict how future research will significantly contribute to teaching wisely and to writing well with technology.     

基于语块理论的大学英语写作教学与研究

语块,作为集词汇和语法的特征于一身的语言使用的重要单位受到越来越多的英语教师的重视。将语块理论与大学英语写作教学相结合,通过语块输入、语块讲解、语块记忆和语块输出,激发学生的写作热情,促进语篇连贯性,提高学生的写作水平和综合语言素质。     

提高日语写作能力的途径

提高日语写作能力是贯彻落实新大学日语教学大纲对大学日语教学突出的新要求,而且日语写作在全国日语四级统考中占到了总分数的15%。此题分数的高低至关重要,直接影响考试的通过率。通过分析大学生日语写作的现状,找出存在的问题,指明提高学生日语写作能力的途径。     

四级写作在大学英语课文教学中的映射

大学英语四级考试的写作与大学英语教学不是孤立的,相反,无论是从思维方式上、词汇应用上还是从句型结构上,四级写作在大学英语的教材中有许多不同的映射点。课文教学与四级写作的紧密结合将有利于写作成绩和课堂教学效率的提高。     

语文教学兴趣研究及对策

现今时代,语文的教学往往流于形式,教师对语文教学的内容也只针对课本,课外补充的知识很少,这就导致语文课堂教学的死板,缺少趣味性。同时产生的连带后果就是学生缺少对语文学习的兴趣,不重视语文的学习,最终放弃语文的学习,因此,提升学生语文学习的兴趣是当今语文教学首要解决的问题。     

High-performance zirconia ceramic additively manufactured via NanoParticle Jetting

Additive manufacturing has received tremendous attention in the manufacturing and materials industry in the past three decades. Zirconia-based advanced ceramics have been the subject of substantial interest related to structural and functional ceramics. NanoParticle Jetting (NPJ), a novel material jetting process for selectively depositing nanoparticles, is capable of fabricating dense zirconia components with a highlydetailed surface, precisely controllable shrinkage, and remarkable mechanical properties. The use of NPJ greatly improves the 3D printing process and increases the printing accuracy. An investigation into the performance of NPJ-printed ceramic components evaluated the physical and mechanical properties and microstructure. The experimental results suggested that the NPJ-fabricated ZrO₂ cuboids exhibited a high relative density of 99.5%, a glossy surface with minimum roughness of 0.33 μm, a general linear shrinkage factor of 17.47%, acceptable hardness of 12.43 ± 0.09 GPa, outstanding fracture toughness of 7.52 ± 0.34 MPa m^1/2, comparable flexural strength of 699 ± 104 MPa, dense grain distribution of the microstructure, and representative features of the fracture. Subsequently, the exclusive printing scheme that achieved these favorable properties was analyzed. The innovative NanoParticle Jetting? system was shown to have significant potential for additive manufacturing.