Clock-turning gait synthesis for humanoid robots

Turning gait is a basic motion for humanoid robots. This paper presents a method for humanoid tuming, i.e. clock-turning. The objective of clock-turning is to change robot direction at a stationary spot. The clock-turning planning consists of four steps： ankle trajectory generation, hip trajectory generation, knee trajectory generation, and inverse kinematics calculation. Our proposed method is based on a typical humanoid structure with 12 DOFs （degrees of freedom）. The final output of clock-turning planning is 12 reference trajectories, which are used to control a humanoid robot with 12 DOFs. ZMP （zero moment point） is used as stability criterion for the planning. Simulation experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of our proposed clock-turuing method.     

ZMP理论在双足步行机器人步态控制中的应用

为了解决双足步行机器人的步态控制问题,利用静态步行时ZMP点与重心的特殊联系,构造重心模型来校验机器人的行为数据.同时,将机器人的动作细分为一个个的动作元素,即建立行为数据库.机器人可通过行为数据库来构造出新的、更加复杂的动作.通过完成构造双足步行机器人上台阶的复杂动作,充分说明了这种控制方法的可行性.     

使用零力矩点反馈的双足机器人惯性参数辨识

为解决基于关节力矩的双足机器人参数辨识方法辨识精度不高,基于完整的足底力信息和运动捕捉数据的辨识方法对实验条件要求较高的问题,提出基于ZMP(zero moment point)数据的双足机器人惯性参数辨识方法.将理论ZMP与实际ZMP的位置偏差作为目标函数,考虑参数范围和机器人总质量两类约束条件,建立只使用双足机器人...     

类人机器人复杂运动的状态转换规划方法研究

提出一种针对类人机器人复杂运动的状态转换规划方法。该方法采用状态空间描述机器人的动作序列，以ZMP稳定判据对运动中的状态节点进行稳定性分析，采用多项式插值的方法实现状态之间的转换，对不满足稳定性要求的插值轨迹采取增加状态节点重新修正的方法，从而完成类人机器人的运动规划。机器人的起立过程的仿真结果表明，该方法简单可行、有效。     

双臂手移动机器人地面行走的研究

分析了双臂手移动机器人的系统配置及地面行走的步态规划方法;推导了实际机器人和虚拟样机中的ZMP测量方法;为实现稳定行走,提出了一种基于ZMP误差的针对关节角的步态补偿方法;最后,利用Adams与Matlab/Simulink进行了机器人虚拟样机联合仿真实验,得到各关节驱动力矩曲线、补偿关节角曲线,验证了步态补偿方法的正确性和双臂手机器人的地面移动能力。     

12自由度双足机器人的开发与步态规划研究

针对一种新型的仿人型12自由度双足机器人,首先介绍了其基于Solid Works的机械结构设计,具体阐述了双足机器人机械主体的组成、自由度配置以及其拟人关节和传动机构的设计;构建了双足机器人基于D—H坐标系的运动学模型。而后重点研究了一种离线的步态规划方法,其核心思想是将双足机器人的前向步态和侧向步态分别简化为七连杆模型和五连杆模型,分别加以几何约束分析,然后在Z坐标相等的情况下合成三维步态;最后通过ZMP方程来检验并在Matlab环境下进行仿真,验证了所述规划方法的有效性。     

Feedforward and Feedback Dynamic Trot Gait Control for Quadruped Walking Vehicle

To realize dynamically stable walking for a quadruped walking robot, the combination of the trajectory planning of the body and leg position (feedforward control) and the adaptive control using sensory information (feedback control) is indispensable. In this paper, we propose a new body trajectory, the 3D sway compensation trajectory, for a stable trot gait; we show that this trajectory has a lower energy consumption than the conventional sway trajectory that we have proposed. Then, for the adaptive attitude control method during the 2-leg supporting phase, we consider four methods, that is, a) rotation of body along the diagonal line between supporting feet, b) translation of body along the perpendicular line between supporting feet, c) vertical swing motion of recovering legs, and d) horizontal swing motion of recovering legs; we then describe how we verify the stabilization efficiency of each method through computer simulation, stabilization experimentation, and experimenting in walking on rough terrain using the quadruped walking robot, TITAN-VIII.     

ZMP控制卡在多轴控制系统中的应用

运动控制系统是由大量元件组成的复杂系统,并且该系统存在着极大的非线性,因而它的设计、运行是一项庞大的系统工程。ZMP控制卡是一款基于SynqNet总线技术的运动控制产品,其自带的Mechaware软件工具包,可供用户方便地在MATLAB/Simulink中建模和仿真。这里对ZMP运动控制卡的总线技术,伺服算法及仿真功能进行了叙述。     

Position and altitude tracking control for toe support phase of biped walking robot

No paper has been published on the active use of the foot toe of biped walking robots. In other words, the sole of the supporting leg is usually assumed to completely contact the ground. To maintain this condition, the robot walking has a restriction such as the maximum walking speed limitation. If the point contact of the toe to the ground through walking is available, a variety of walking can be realized. In this paper, a new control method for biped robots, in which the contact of the sole to the ground becomes a point contact, is proposed. The COM (Center of Mass) and swing leg can track the desired path and each heel joint angle can be controlled by the proposed controller while a biped walking robot is following a forward falling. Therefore, the motion of the body does not need to be limited to quiet motion. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results with “Ken,” a six‐joint DOF biped robot. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 157(1): 72–79, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( http://www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20094     

仿人机器人下楼梯的自适应模糊控制方法

针对仿人机器人下楼梯时的稳定行走问题,提出基于虚拟零力矩点的自适应模糊控制方法。按一定约束条件规划各个关节的运动轨迹,利用模糊控制器得到地面反作用力点的位置,根据脚力传感器反馈信息进行适当修正,得到理想关节轨迹。仿真结果证明,该方法具有实时性和有效性。