类人机器人复杂运动的状态转换规划方法研究

提出一种针对类人机器人复杂运动的状态转换规划方法。该方法采用状态空间描述机器人的动作序列，以ZMP稳定判据对运动中的状态节点进行稳定性分析，采用多项式插值的方法实现状态之间的转换，对不满足稳定性要求的插值轨迹采取增加状态节点重新修正的方法，从而完成类人机器人的运动规划。机器人的起立过程的仿真结果表明，该方法简单可行、有效。     

基于ZMP误差校正的仿人机器人步行控制

步行环境不理想、外力扰动等因素导致仿人机器人步行时ZMP出现误差,从而影响机器人的步行稳定性．由于机器人的各关节角度都对ZMP有影响,若只校正支撑腿的踝关节或髋关节等单个关节角度,则难以达到理想的步行控制效果,因此,本文综合考虑各关节角度对ZMP的影响,先通过模糊控制器基于ZMP误差给出机器人的质心位置增量,再利用二次规划方法和质心的雅可比矩阵求解出满足该质心位置增量的各关节角度校正量．仿真实验表明,本文方法较好地跟踪了期望ZMP,提高了步行稳定裕度,使仿人机器人实现了稳定的步行．     

使用零力矩点反馈的双足机器人惯性参数辨识

为解决基于关节力矩的双足机器人参数辨识方法辨识精度不高,基于完整的足底力信息和运动捕捉数据的辨识方法对实验条件要求较高的问题,提出基于ZMP(zero moment point)数据的双足机器人惯性参数辨识方法.将理论ZMP与实际ZMP的位置偏差作为目标函数,考虑参数范围和机器人总质量两类约束条件,建立只使用双足机器人...     

Feedforward and Feedback Dynamic Trot Gait Control for Quadruped Walking Vehicle

To realize dynamically stable walking for a quadruped walking robot, the combination of the trajectory planning of the body and leg position (feedforward control) and the adaptive control using sensory information (feedback control) is indispensable. In this paper, we propose a new body trajectory, the 3D sway compensation trajectory, for a stable trot gait; we show that this trajectory has a lower energy consumption than the conventional sway trajectory that we have proposed. Then, for the adaptive attitude control method during the 2-leg supporting phase, we consider four methods, that is, a) rotation of body along the diagonal line between supporting feet, b) translation of body along the perpendicular line between supporting feet, c) vertical swing motion of recovering legs, and d) horizontal swing motion of recovering legs; we then describe how we verify the stabilization efficiency of each method through computer simulation, stabilization experimentation, and experimenting in walking on rough terrain using the quadruped walking robot, TITAN-VIII.     

ZMP控制卡在多轴控制系统中的应用

运动控制系统是由大量元件组成的复杂系统,并且该系统存在着极大的非线性,因而它的设计、运行是一项庞大的系统工程。ZMP控制卡是一款基于SynqNet总线技术的运动控制产品,其自带的Mechaware软件工具包,可供用户方便地在MATLAB/Simulink中建模和仿真。这里对ZMP运动控制卡的总线技术,伺服算法及仿真功能进行了叙述。     

Position and altitude tracking control for toe support phase of biped walking robot

No paper has been published on the active use of the foot toe of biped walking robots. In other words, the sole of the supporting leg is usually assumed to completely contact the ground. To maintain this condition, the robot walking has a restriction such as the maximum walking speed limitation. If the point contact of the toe to the ground through walking is available, a variety of walking can be realized. In this paper, a new control method for biped robots, in which the contact of the sole to the ground becomes a point contact, is proposed. The COM (Center of Mass) and swing leg can track the desired path and each heel joint angle can be controlled by the proposed controller while a biped walking robot is following a forward falling. Therefore, the motion of the body does not need to be limited to quiet motion. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results with “Ken,” a six‐joint DOF biped robot. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 157(1): 72–79, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( http://www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20094     

双臂手移动机器人地面行走的研究

分析了双臂手移动机器人的系统配置及地面行走的步态规划方法;推导了实际机器人和虚拟样机中的ZMP测量方法;为实现稳定行走,提出了一种基于ZMP误差的针对关节角的步态补偿方法;最后,利用Adams与Matlab/Simulink进行了机器人虚拟样机联合仿真实验,得到各关节驱动力矩曲线、补偿关节角曲线,验证了步态补偿方法的正确性和双臂手机器人的地面移动能力。     

12自由度双足机器人的开发与步态规划研究

针对一种新型的仿人型12自由度双足机器人,首先介绍了其基于Solid Works的机械结构设计,具体阐述了双足机器人机械主体的组成、自由度配置以及其拟人关节和传动机构的设计;构建了双足机器人基于D—H坐标系的运动学模型。而后重点研究了一种离线的步态规划方法,其核心思想是将双足机器人的前向步态和侧向步态分别简化为七连杆模型和五连杆模型,分别加以几何约束分析,然后在Z坐标相等的情况下合成三维步态;最后通过ZMP方程来检验并在Matlab环境下进行仿真,验证了所述规划方法的有效性。     

Experiments with nontraditional hybrid control technique of biped locomotion robots

By using the previously established zero-moment point theory and the semi-inverse approach [1–4] for solving the artificial gait synthesis based on the prescribed dynamics to part of the active mechanism, in this new approach to dynamic control of legged locomotion robots, the conventional control synthesis, based on complete dynamic robot model, is abandoned. The paper describes the simulation experiments of biped control with a hybrid approach that combines the traditional model-based and fuzzy logic-based control techniques. The combined method is developed by extending a model-based decentralized control scheme by fuzzy logic-based tuners for modifying parameters of joint servo controllers. The simulation experiments performed on a simplified two-legged mechanism demonstrate the suitability of fuzzy logic-based methods for improving the performance of the robot control system.     

基于接触力信息的仿人机器人ZMP测量系统

针对现有仿人机器人零力矩点(ZMP)测量系统的力/力矩传感器不直接触地导致不能充分反映脚底各部位受力的问题,设计了一种基于地面接触力信息的具有传感器阵列的ZMP测量系统。介绍了传感器信号多级放大、采集及处理的软硬件系统,应用CAN总线接口实现了与外部上位机的通信。所设计的系统已应用于实际仿人机器人。步行实验表明:该系统能有效完成步行中ZMP的实时测量和脚底各部位受力信息的实时采集、计算与通信,简单易实现。