颌面部8道肌电检测与处理系统的研制

详细论述了一种颌面部８道肌电检测系统的设计原理与处理方法，该系统在硬件 采用了高灵敏度的肌电放大与接地电极共模激励，光电隔离等方法，提高了系统的抗阻塞和抗共模干扰能力。     

Space charge behavior in polymer film based on increment of capacitance under AC high field

Polymer materials have excellent dielectric and insulation properties; however, those properties in AC high field region have not been known well. Recently we established an evaluation method of high‐field AC dissipation current waveform of polymer materials 1 . AC dissipation current waveforms of polyethylene and polypropylene films show nonlinear distortion in AC high‐field region. This nonlinearity was thought to be related to the behavior of AC space charge formation in the sample near electrodes. The properties of space charge formed under AC high field at power frequency seem to differ from those formed under DC high field. The measurement of AC space charge distribution is not so easy due to the resolution limit of the space charge measurement. We studied the dielectric properties of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film under AC high field up to 120 °C. It was found that tan δ, AC dissipation current (Ixr), and unbalanced component of capacitive current (ΔIxc) increased when the temperature became higher. In particular, ΔIxc increased above some threshold field and was considered to be due to the AC space charge formation. This AC space charge layer near electrode is thought to be formed due to carrier injection under AC high‐field application. Usually, the carrier mobility becomes smaller on lowering the temperature. Most of the carriers injected from the electrode are trapped near the electrode in the sample film. But in the high‐temperature region, the carrier mobility becomes larger and the carrier injection starts to increase from lower field. Many more carriers are injected from the electrode. It is thought that some of the injected carriers are trapped inside the sample film; the others go through the sample to the opposite side. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 141(2): 8–16, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10018     

Path-breaking books in regional science

This article presents a collection of regional science books that longstanding members of the Regional Science Association International (RSAI) identified as path-breaking books. The most frequently nominated books include the classics by Isard, the seminal books in urban economics by Alonso, Muth and Mills, methods books by Miernyk, Wilson, Anselin, and Cliff and Ord, textbooks by Beckmann and Richardson, as well as the recent contribution by Fujita, Krugman and Venables. Reviews of these books, written by leading scholars from different continents, make up the major contribution of this article and are a testimony to the far-reaching influence of regional science in the academic literature.JEL Classification: A2, B2, B3, C00, R00With contributions by Michael Batty, Manas Chatterji, Kieran Donaghy, Bernard Fingleton, Arthur Getis, Michael J. Greenwood, Daniel P. McMillen, Gordon F. Mulligan, Jan Oosterhaven,Peter V. Schaeffer, Daniel Shefer. See the Appendix for contributors affiliations and contact information.     

空间隐喻的英汉对比

以汉语的“上下“结构为例,从形式到意义上与对应的英语空间结构作比较,试图找出英、汉的空间隐喻在“状态、地位、数量“3个概念域中有何异同,并揭示空间关系背后的认知习惯.     

State-feedback H2/H-infinity controller design with D-stability constraints for stochastic systems

This paper addresses the state-feedback H₂/H-infinity controller design that satisfies D-stability constraints for stochastic systems. Firstly, the concept of regional stability for stochastic systems is defined in linear matrix inequality(LMI) regions; Secondly, the characterization about stochastic D-stability is presented. This paper introduces a new technique to solve the regional stability problem for stochastic systems, which is different from the pole placement technique ever used in deterministic systems. Based on this, in the state-feedback case, mixed H₂/H-infinity synthesis with D-stability constraints is discussed via LMI optimization.     

基于ROI分割和相干映射的裸手字母手势识别

提出了实时条件下裸手单目的手部定位和跟踪算法。结合改进的差分法提出了实用的手部约束条件，从每帧图像中提取手部图像，确定感兴趣区域（ROI，region of interesting），得到较为满意的手部分割结果，再对手部图像特征进行深入分析和提取，利用改进的相干映射算法（VCM，vector coherence mapping）进行跟踪，针对手的运动增加了约束，保证了顽健性。在这个基础上，提出了时间相关的运动预测模型，满足了实时性的要求，保证前后分析结果的一致性。实验结果证明，在不同光照和复杂背景下系统有最高达99％的识别率，与已有的系统相比，性能显著提高。     

Changes in goal selection induced by cue conflicts are in register with predictions from changes in place cell field locations.

In the cognitive mapping theory of hippocampal function, currently active place cells represent a rat's spatial location (J. O'Keefe & L. Nadel, 1978). A systematic shift of firing field locations should therefore produce a similar shift in a rat's judgment of its location. A. A. Fenton, G. Csizmadia, and R. U. Muller (2000a) recorded place cells in cylinders with 2 cue cards separated by 135°. When the separation was changed, firing fields moved systematically, as described by a vector-field equation (A. A. Fenton, G. Csizmadia, & R. U. Muller, 2000b). Given this cohesive movement of firing fields, the mapping theory predicts that a rat's decisions about the location of an unmarked goal should move after card separation changes, as described by the vector-field equation. The authors tested this reasoning with a task in which the rat earned a food reward by pausing in a small, unmarked goal zone. When cues were shifted in the absence of reward, goal choice shifts were accurately predicted by the vector-field equation, providing strong support for the notion that a rat's judgment of its spatial location is intimately related to the across-cell discharge pattern of simultaneously active place cells. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Bayesian integration of spatial information.

Spatial judgments and actions are often based on multiple cues. The authors review a multitude of phenomena on the integration of spatial cues in diverse species to consider how nearly optimally animals combine the cues. Under the banner of Bayesian perception, cues are sometimes combined and weighted in a near optimal fashion. In other instances when cues are combined, how optimal the integration is might be unclear. Only 1 cue may be relied on, or cues may seem to compete with one another. The authors attempt to bring some order to the diversity by taking into account the subjective discrepancy in the dictates of multiple cues. When cues are too discrepant, it may be best to rely on 1 cue source. When cues are not too discrepant, it may be advantageous to combine cues. Such a dual principle provides an extended Bayesian framework for understanding the functional reasons for the integration of spatial cues. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Judgments of synchrony between auditory and moving or still visual stimuli.

The flash-lag effect is a visual illusion wherein intermittently flashed, stationary stimuli seem to trail after a moving visual stimulus despite being flashed synchronously. We tested hypotheses that the flash-lag effect is due to spatial extrapolation, shortened perceptual lags, or accelerated acquisition of moving stimuli, all of which call for an earlier awareness of moving visual stimuli over stationary ones. Participants judged synchrony of a click either to a stationary flash of light or to a series of adjacent flashes that seemingly bounced off or bumped into the edge of the visual display. To be judged synchronous with a stationary flash, audio clicks had to be presented earlier--not later--than clicks that went with events, like a simulated bounce (Experiment 1) or crash (Experiments 2-4), of a moving visual target. Click synchrony to the initial appearance of a moving stimulus was no different than to a flash, but clicks had to be delayed by 30-40 ms to seem synchronous with the final (crash) positions (Experiment 2). The temporal difference was constant over a wide range of motion velocity (Experiment 3). Interrupting the apparent motion by omitting two illumination positions before the last one did not alter subjective synchrony, nor did their occlusion, so the shift in subjective synchrony seems not to be due to brightness contrast (Experiment 4). Click synchrony to the offset of a long duration stationary illumination was also delayed relative to its onset (Experiment 5). Visual stimuli in motion enter awareness no sooner than do stationary flashes, so motion extrapolation, latency difference, and motion acceleration cannot explain the flash-lag effect. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Knowledge in Regional Economic Growth—The Role of Knowledge Accessibility

This paper analyzes the role of knowledge in regional economic growth by focusing on knowledge accessibility. The research question is the following: can the variation in knowledge accessibility between regions in a given period explain the variation in growth performance of regions in subsequent periods? A main assumption in the paper is that knowledge accessibility transforms into potential knowledge flows. Our results show that differences in growth of value-added per employee across regions can be explained by differences in knowledge accessibility. Intra-municipal and intra-regional knowledge accessibilities are significant and capable of explaining a significant share of the variation in growth of value-added per employee between Swedish municipalities. However, inter-regional knowledge accessibility turned out to be insignificant. This is interpreted as a clear indication of spatial dependence in the sense that the knowledge resources in a given municipality tend to have a positive effect on the growth of other municipalities, conditional on that the municipalities belong to the same functional region. Thus, the results of the analysis indicate that knowledge flows transcend municipal borders, but that they tend to be bound within functional regions.