A Multi-Vehicle Cooperative Localization Method Based on Belief Propagation in Satellite Denied Environment

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is currently being used extensively in the navigation system of vehicles. However, the GNSS signal will be faded or blocked in complex road environments, which will lead to a decrease in positioning accuracy. Owing to the higher-precision synchronization provided in the sixth generation (6G) network, the errors of ranging-based positioning technologies can be effectively reduced. At the same time, the use of terahertz in 6G allows excellent resolution of range and angle, which offers unique opportunities for multi-vehicle cooperative localization in a GNSS denied environment. This paper introduces a multi-vehicle cooperative localization method. In the proposed method, the location estimations of vehicles are derived by utilizing inertial measurement and then corrected by exchanging the beliefs with adjacent vehicles and roadside units. The multi-vehicle cooperative localization problem is represented using a factor graph. An iterative algorithm based on belief propagation is applied to perform the inference over the factor graph. The results demonstrate that our proposed method can offer a considerable capability enhancement on localization accuracy.     

Thermal insulation and anti-vibration properties of MoSi2-based coating on mullite fiber insulation tiles

Thermal protection materials with excellent thermal insulation properties and high reliability are crucial for aerospace vehicle. Mullite fiber insulation tiles coated with MoSi₂-borosilicate glass (MFIT@MoSi₂) were prepared by a simple slurry method. Results shown that the surface temperature rapidly reached 1043.1 °C under the heat flux of 450 kW/m², while the cold-surface remained at room temperature. The adjusting effects of MoSi₂-based coating on the thermal response and transfer properties of MFIT were investigated systematically. Compared with MFIT, the surface and internal temperatures of MFIT@MoSi₂ were obviously suppressed, due to the existence of MoSi₂-based coating with high emissivity, which effectively enhanced the thermal radiation of the surfaces. Finally, the structural reliability under coupled environment of heating (q₀ = 450 kW/m²) and random vibration with high magnitude (20–2000 Hz, Grms = 20 g) was also investigated. Destructive cracking and peeling of the coating were not observed, due to the excellent bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. The results provided an important basis for the potential application of insulation tiles with mullite fibers in aerospace vehicles and the design of lightweight thermal protection systems.     

Gas marbles: ultra-long-lasting and ultra-robust bubbles formed by particle stabilization

Bubbles and foams are ubiquitous in daily life and industrial processes. Studying their dynamic behaviors is of key importance for foam manufacturing processes in food packaging, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Bare bubbles are inherently fragile and transient; enhancing their robustness and shelf lives is an ongoing challenge. Their rupture can be attributed to liquid evaporation, thin film drainage and the nuclei of environmental dust. Inspired by particle-stabilized interfaces in Pickering emulsions, armored bubbles and liquid marble, bubbles are protected by an enclosed particle-entrapping liquid thin film, and the resultant soft object is termed gas marble. The gas marble exhibits mechanical strength orders of magnitude higher than that of soap bubbles when subjected to overpressure and underpressure, owing to the compact particle monolayer straddling the surface liquid film. By using a water-absorbent glycerol solution, the resulting gas marble can persist for 465 d in normal atmospheric settings. This particle-stabilizing approach not only has practical implications for foam manufacturing processes but also can inspire the new design and fabrication of functional biomaterials and biomedicines.     

Long-term economic sensitivity analysis of light duty underground mining vehicles by power source

LHD's are expensive vehicles; therefore, it is important to accurately define the financial consequences associated with the investment of purchasing the mining equipment. This study concentrates on longterm incremental and sensitivity analysis to determine whether it is feasible to incorporate current battery technology into these machines. When revenue was taken into account, decreasing the amount of haulage in battery operated equipment by 5% or 200 kg per h amounts to a $4.0 × 10~4 loss of profit per year. On average it was found that using battery operated equipment generated $9.5 × 10~4 more in income annually, reducing the payback period from seven to two years to pay back the additional $1.0 × 10~5 investment of buying battery powered equipment over cheaper diesel equipment. Due to the estimated 5% increase in capital, it was observed that electric vehicles must possess a lifetime that is a minimum of one year longer than that of diesel equipment.     

锂离子电池正极材料Li1+xNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2的合成

采用碳酸盐共沉淀法合成了Li1+xNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料。用X射线粉末衍射仪、高频电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜对材料的晶体结构、化学元素组成和表面形貌进行了分析研究。将正极材料Li1+xNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2制成电极极片,组装成混合动力车用3Ah高功率电池进行测试。分析测试结果表明,合成的正极材料Li1+xNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2具有典型的α-NaFeO2结构,粒径约为10μm。在室温(25℃),电池经2000次充放电循环后容量可保持80%;在50%DOD下,电池10 s脉冲输出功率密度为2100 W/kg,输入功率密度为2700 W/kg。     

Preparation, active phase composition and Pd content of perovskite-type oxides

Perovskite-type oxides, containing Pd, were prepared via a combined sol–gel and combustion synthesis method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET specific surface area (SSA). Their activity as three-way catalysts for the abatement of carbon monoxide, methane and nitrogen oxides, emitted from stoichiometrically operating natural-gas-fuelled vehicles, was investigated under simulated exhaust conditions. The preparation conditions concerning the complexing agent, the use of additives and the thermal treatment of the precursor solutions, were investigated. The La_0.91Mn_0.85Ce_0.24Pd_0.05O_z and La_1.034Mn_0.966Pd_0.05O_z phases were the most active. Their activation by high-temperature hydrothermal treatment was ascribed to the migration of Pd out of the perovskite lattice and the formation of segregated PdO. The role of Pd was crucial for the catalytic activity of the active phase. A low Pd content favored the dispersion of oxidized Pd^x+, 2 ≤ x ≤ 4, and thus, enhanced catalytic activity. Oxidized Pd^x+ with x > 2 appeared to be less active than Pd²⁺. The catalytic activity of La_1.034Mn_0.966Pd_0.05O_z increased significantly when 8 ppm SO₂ were introduced in the reaction mixture.     

吸污车气路系统工作特性分析

设计以气动隔膜泵为主要核心工作部件的吸污车气路系统。根据吸污车整车对气路系统的设计要求,对气动隔膜泵进行了选型设计。建立以NDP-40BPT气动隔膜泵为核心的吸污车气动系统AMESim仿真模型,分析节流阀的开度、气源压力和温度变化对气动隔膜泵进、排气流量和压力的影响。研究结果为优化和设计吸污车气路系统提供了依据。     

厦门市机动车排放因子研究

主要介绍厦门市机动车排放因子研究方法，排放因子与机动车行驶工况之间的关系，厦门市机动车排放因子与国内外城市的比较。     

轨道车辆泡沫夹芯中顶板夹层设计与优化

轨道车辆的生产中大量采用平板铝合金或玻璃钢板件,产品质量偏重且材料容易出现下垂,满足不了车体轻量化与美观的需求.通过仿真与试验结合的方式研究酚醛泡沫、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)泡沫、聚氯乙烯(PVC)泡沫夹芯中的面板厚度、芯材模量对中顶板质量及下垂挠度的影响,测试了不同复合夹芯板的平拉强度、平压强度以及弯曲强度.结...     

农用车辆驱动系统普通V带传动概率优化设计

普通V带传动是农业机械中应用极为普遍的一种传动形式。在常规设计中,一般根据给定的已知行条件如功率、转速、中心距以及其工作环境等参数来确定。提出了一种新的设计方法,运用可靠性理论与最优化设计技术,在保证预期可靠度及其他随机约束概率的条件下,建立了农用车辆驱动系统普通V带的概率优化设计数学模型,并通过V带传动实例计算分析,得到了比常规设计更为合理的设计结果。