The choice of optimal checking strategies for error control in structural engineering

Probabilistic models are given for estimatingthe error content in a structure afte.r thre" application of a checking strategy with given efficiency. The use of these models to optimize the level of effort expended on error control is illustrated. The analysis is carried out using-a Bayesian-decisiorv-theory approach,-and an overall model for structural decision-making is described. The applicability of the approach is illustrated by an example which considers the overall checking efficiency in the building process, combined with some failure statistics and failure cost estimates. The application of the approach to specific structural members is also discussed in the paper.     

Limits and potentials to deliberative engagement in highly regulated planning systems: Norm development within fixed rules

Planning practice requires ongoing interaction between regulatory “facts” and deliberative “norms”. Played out in local and strategic developments, “norms” are the agreed values and positions developed by advancing deliberative engagement of residents; while “facts” are the more rigid statutory procedures through which planning decisions are typically made. However, conflict arises between residents' groups and local government decision-makers when deliberative norms, now a key tenet of strategic planning processes, struggle to gain traction in the factual spaces provided by statutory planning regulations. A contentious planning process in St Kilda, Melbourne, Australia (concerning the redevelopment of a car park into a commercial and public space) highlights the challenges to deliberative engagement in highly-regulatory planning systems. Drawing on this contested case, this paper examines how the broader formal and relatively fixed framework of regulatory-based decision-making fails to support participatory principles, undermining both the desired communicative ethos and enduring collaborative outcomes and norm development. Specifically, the paper problematises tensions between residents' growing expectations for greater transparency and participation in planning, arising from a growing regard for deliberation in strategic planning, and the hegemonic nature of statutory planning that preserves planning control within the formal domain of government and the private sector.     

A review of multi-criteria decision-making methods for infrastructure management

In infrastructure management, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) has emerged as a decision support tool to integrate various technical information and stakeholder values. Different MCDM techniques and tools have been developed. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the application of MCDM literature in the field of infrastructure management. Approximately 300 published papers were identified that report MCDM applications in the field of infrastructure management during 1980–2012. The reviewed papers are classified into application to the type of infrastructure (e.g. bridges and pipes), and prevalent decision or intervention (e.g. repair and rehabilitate). In addition, the papers were also classified according to MCDM methods used in the analysis. The paper provides taxonomy of those articles and identifies trends and new developments in MCDM methods. The results suggest that there is a significant growth in MCDM applications in infrastructure management applications of MCDM over the last decade. It has also been noted that many decision support tools based on multiple MCDM methods have been successfully used for infrastructure management.     

矿业经济,技术预测决策的系统研究

本文对矿业经济、技术预测决策的系统研究进行了整体设计，并运用某大型采选联合铜矿企业历年的生产数据，建立了有关的灰色预测决策模型。结果表明灰色系统理论在矿业系统的经济、技术研究中的应用是有效的。     

模糊亚对策理论在数字化炮兵作战行动中的运用

为解决炮兵作战行动分析的随意性和局限性,建立模糊亚对策理论模型。分析该理论在解决数字化炮兵作战行动中的优越性,以某一被敌控制的机场为例,对策理论在数字化炮兵作战行动中的应用进行验证。结果表明,该模型能解决以往数字化炮兵作战行动多预案间的矛盾性,提高数字化炮兵作战行动预案科学性,具有一定的合理性和创新性。     

互斥约束工作流可满足性决策的匹配剪枝模式回溯法

针对用于工作流可满足决策的模式回溯技术如何平衡性能与代价的问题,提出了一种对部分模式解及时进行授权匹配验证的优化方法,牺牲一定验证效率以增强剪枝能力。就仅受互斥约束的问题情形,利用实例难易程度的两极分化现象对总体时间性能进行了分析。随机生成数据集上的实验表明,这一优化极大地降低了模式回溯在难实例上的时间代价,而对易实例执行时间的影响很小,且相对于其他基于动态规划的代表性算法,优化后的算法在时间和空间性能上均有显著优势。     

制造网格资源调度及安全性管理

根据制造网格发展的现状和方向,分析了网格资源调度的主要方法,并对Globus环境下的GSI体系结构做了深入研究,分析讨论了其任务提交执行过程和架构特点,对现有的GSI架构基础做了相关改进,构建了一个满足制造网格下部分特性的安全体系结构M-GSI,实现了实时认证和强授权功能,满足了制造网格部分安全需求。     

粗集在交通事故黑点成因分析中的应用

交通事故黑点的形成原因多种多样,每一个事故多发点都有其形成的最大诱因。作为交通安全管理工作的重要任务,交通事故黑点的鉴别与改善是预防交通事故发生、减少交通事故损失的有效手段。该文针对交通事故多发点成因的复杂性和多样性,提出通过粗集来对公路交通中的不利因素进行筛选,找到形成事故多发点的最大诱因,从而有针对性地进行整治,能够有效地节约时间和费用,避免不必要的人力、物力浪费。     

随机价格下制造商的多边国际订购决策

分析了单制造商和多供应商的国际供应链中,制造商的原材料的多边多阶段最优订购决策．首先通过构造无风险投资组合的方法,建立了制造商制造项目的价值的一般模型,然后对模型求解,最后通过算例仿真验证了模型及解法的有效性．     

连锁门店选址与配送中心选择联合决策的f-MIGP模型

建立了连锁门店选址和配送中心选择联合决策问题的模糊多目标混合整数规划模型．针对该模型的特殊结构。提出一种适用的求解策略：首先确定每个模糊目标的隶属度函数;然后将模糊多目标混合整数规划模型转化为等价的清晰多目标混合整数规划模型,通过最大最小算子求出目标值;最后借助于两阶段算法,求出问题的最优解．通过应用算例进一步说明了该模型的有效性和可行性．