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31.
H. Hoedlmoser M. Moll J. Haerkoenen M. Kronberger J. Trummer P. Rodeghiero 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》2007,580(3):1243-1249
Epitaxial (EPI) silicon has recently been investigated for the development of radiation tolerant detectors for future high-luminosity HEP experiments. A study of thick EPI silicon diodes irradiated with protons up to a fluence of has been performed by means of Charge Collection Efficiency (CCE) measurements, investigations with the Transient Current Technique (TCT) and standard CV/IV characterizations. The aim of the work was to investigate the impact of radiation damage as well as the influence of the wafer processing on the material performance by comparing diodes from different manufacturers. The changes of CCE, full depletion voltage and leakage current as a function of fluence are reported. While the generation of leakage current due to irradiation is similar in all investigated series of detectors, a difference in the effective doping concentration can be observed after irradiation. In the CCE measurements an anomalous drop in performance was found even for diodes exposed to very low fluences in all measured series. This result was confirmed for one series of diodes in TCT measurements with an infrared laser. TCT measurements with a red laser showed no type inversion up to fluences of for n-type devices whereas p-type diodes undergo type inversion from p- to n-type for fluences higher than . 相似文献
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气门用4Cr9Si2钢调质工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用正交试验 ,研究了 4Cr9Si2钢的淬火温度、回火温度与组织、硬度间的关系 ,得出了最佳的工艺参数 (10 10℃淬火 ,6 0 0℃回火 )。实际生产表明 ,采用此工艺后 ,断裂现象基本消除 ,气门的热处理质量有了明显提高。 相似文献
35.
The care of the world environment poses many challenges to the proper disposal of mineral wastes. Particulate wastes can be used to modify the properties or lower the cost of polymers. The influence of an iron–silica rich waste on the hardness of an epoxy resin is evaluated in this work. It is shown that the hardness values are polymer dominated for volume fractions of waste lower than 0.30, but for higher volume fractions a useful increase in the hardness numbers can be achieved. The coarser the particles are the more heterogeneous is the microstructure of the composite. Nevertheless, particulate rich layers increase the hardness of the material several times. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 2178–2184, 2002 相似文献
36.
Local stress and strain variations in the deformation zone can be ascertained by measuring hardness. Hardness is correlated
with strain and stress. The expressions discussed later are useful in determining the local variations in stress and strain
from hardness measurement. It is a simple method compared to visioplasticity. One can estimate the forces required for a forming
process. It helps in the choice of equipment, design of tooling and selection of lubricant for the particular process. 相似文献
37.
In the initial part the change of microstructure for steel X20 CrMoV 121 is discussed in terms of the distribution of carbide precipitates and its effects on accelerated creep resistance and hardness are presented. In the following, experimental results of microstructure and accelerated creep resistance are presented for the steels X20CrMoV 121 and P91 annealed for up to 8760 hours at 650°C and 750°C before the testing. A similar evolution of the distribution of carbide particles of a size above 102 nm is found for both steels, while the accelerated creep resistance is diminished much stronger for the steel X20CrMoV 121. This difference is due to a greater stability of NbC than that of VC precipitates, both related to the evolution of the chemical composition of complex chromium, molybdenum and iron carbide particles. 相似文献
38.
本文采用2kWCO_2激光器对20Cr_(2)Ni_(4)W钢进行了激光表面钴合金化的试验研究。用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针、X射线衍射、透射电镜、显微硬度计等手段分析了合金化区域的成分、组织和性能。结果表明,激光表面钴合金化可获得含钴均匀的合金化层,合金化层的高温硬度和热疲劳性能均有提高,在热作工具钢表面性能优化领域有着良好的应用前景。 相似文献
39.
离子氮化对镀铬层组织与性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了镀铬层经离子氮化后的组织和性能。分别用SEM、电子探针和X光衍射仪观察和分析了复合处理层剖面的组织、结构和成分,试验结果表明:离子氮化能使镀铬层的网状裂纹弥合,可明显提高了镀层表面硬度、结合力和耐蚀性。 相似文献
40.
为了研究不同电子玻璃的微观力学性能,采用先进的纳米压痕技术记录钠钙硅、无碱硼铝硅和碱铝硅等典型电子玻璃的载荷-位移曲线,利用Oliver-Pharr方法和经典的弹塑性变形理论,计算玻璃的硬度和弹性模量. 玻璃的硬度主要与结构的键合度相关,平均非桥氧数越高,外力作用下越容易致密化,硬度越小;弹性模量主要取决于质点间的化学键强度,化学键力越强,变形越小,弹性模量越大;九点法测得的弹性模量与硬度的变化趋势不完全相同,借助硬度-弹性模量-能量耗散之间的本征关系,评价玻璃样品的微观均匀性,其中无碱硼铝硅玻璃的恢复阻力大,局部能量耗散大,不容易引起整体破坏,力学性能最好;与浮法工艺相比,溢流下拉法制备样品的局部力学性能波动较小,微观均匀性较好. 相似文献