分形理论在摩擦学研究中的应用

对近年国内外分形理论在摩擦学研究中应用的新进展作了综述,介绍了分形的概念以及分形维数的计算方法,讨论了包括磨损表面形貌分析,材料表界面分形研究和磨合磨损分形模型的建立等分形理论在摩擦学研究中的应用状况,并提出了当前相关研究中所遇到的问题,及今后分形理论在摩擦学研究中的发展方向。     

基于NUM的磨齿机数控系统的开发

以NUM数控系统为平台，设计了系统显示界面和控制界面，建立了用户数据库，实现了图形界面和数控系统的联系和通讯。     

HSK主轴/刀柄联结的非线性接触分析

借用先进的非线性有限元法 ,分析了配合面间的接触应力分布 ,讨论了旋转速度和过盈量对接触应力的影响。研究表明 ,按照 ISO标准制造的刀柄和主轴间的过盈量不足 ,HSK- A63主轴 /刀柄联结的最佳过盈量为1 3～ 1 8μm。研究结果为设计和优化 HSK主轴 /刀柄联结提供了理论参考。     

钢结硬质合金/碳钢界面的组织及性能研究

在烧结温度为1350℃时,采用液相烧结法将爆炸压实后的钢结硬质合金粉末复合在碳钢表面,获得了覆层材料。对界面的组织及性能进行测试,结果表明:界面过渡区的组织为珠光体,有新相M23C6、Fe3W3C生成,剪切强度为106MPa,在覆层/碳钢的界面结合处,存在有覆层的高硬度到钢基体低硬度的狭窄过渡区。     

人机协同的物流系统研究

针对现代工程技术领域人机一体化系统理论的发展和人机一体化柔性制造系统的研究，提出了先进制造环境中人机协同物流系统的概念，给出了人机协同物流系统的概念模式和体系结构，分析了其中的人机功能分配和人机界面的特点，探讨了人机协同物流系统的设计方法，并简要介绍了一个应用实例。     

Direct-EI in LC-MS: towards a universal detector for small-molecule applications

This review article will give an up-to-date and exhaustive overview on the efficient use of electron ionization (EI) to couple liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with an innovative interface called Direct-EI. EI is based on the gas-phase ionization of the analytes, and it is suitable for many applications in a wide range of LC-amenable compounds. In addition, thanks to its operating principles, it prevents unwelcome matrix effects (ME). In fact, although atmospheric pressure ionization (API) methodologies have boosted the use of LC-MS, the related analytical methods are sometime affected by inaccurate quantitative results, due to unavoidable and unpredictable ME. In addition, API's soft ionization spectra always demand for costly and complex tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) instruments, which are essential to acquire an "information-rich" spectrum and to obtain accurate quantitative information. In EI a one-stage analyzer is sufficient for a qualitative investigation and MS/MS detection is only used to improve sensitivity and to cut chemical noise. The technology illustrated here provides a robust and straightforward access to classical, well-characterized EI data for a variety of LC applications, and readily interpretable spectra for a wide range of areas of research. The Direct-EI interface can represent the basis for a forthcoming universal LC-MS detector for small molecules.     

航空遥感相机Ronchi光栅自准直检焦模型分析与验证

为解决航空遥感相机检焦系统故障分析、元器件选型及提高检焦精度的问题,本文深入研究了基于Ronchi光栅的光电自准直检焦法。首先,归纳总结了国内外航空相机常用的几种检焦方法,对比了每种检焦方法的优缺点。接着,重点介绍了基于Ronchi光栅的光电自准直检焦系统的构成和工作原理,建立了数学模型,模拟了检焦系统在不同像面位置处的输出波形。然后,为衡量离焦程度,提出了离焦评价因子的概念,接着分析了光学系统的衍射效应和像差大小、Ronchi光栅的周期选择及检焦光源的能量分布这三种因素对检焦精度的影响,给出了Ronchi光栅周期的选择方法。最后,通过实验的方法对本文的仿真结果加以验证。实验结果表明:合焦波形的峰峰值占比0.82,对应0.05 mm步长下的平均检焦分辨力约为10%。     

谈谈数字视频监控称重系统

简要介绍了数字视频监控称重系统的构成、特点及工作原理，论述了利用常用开发工具Delphi、VB编程实现数字视频图像采集的方法。     

Evaluation of the uncertainty of an optical machine with a vision system for contact-less three-dimensional measurement

Optical machines with a vision system containing a video camera are designed to perform contact-less three-dimensional measurements. They are becoming more widely used in the industrial sector because of the many possibilities for automation they permit and because of the speed and economies in measurement tasks that can consequently be obtained. Within dimensional control these machines introduce significant characteristics of flexibility, savings and reliability. Therefore the purpose is to identify the principal metrological characteristics of such machines and so characterise the metrological traceability of the measurements obtained from them. The aim is to qualify each part of the optical machine as well as on the whole. Previously, no metrological traceability of this equipment has been provided in primary metrology, either at national (SIT—Sistema di Taratura in Italia—Calibration System in Italy) or at international level (EA–European co-operation for Accreditation). For this reason we develop a mathematical model that permits the evaluation of the measurement uncertainties in the use of such a device. The purpose is to obtain the certification of the measurement results furnished by the optical machine in as broad a context as possible. The experimental results of the tests are introduced for validating the proposed method. This paper provides the basis of the expression of the uncertainty of a measurement result obtained using the optical measurement machines and it shows the necessary requirements for the numerical evaluation of such uncertainty.     

制造系统远程服务的人机交互界面研究与实现

针对制造业远程服务中的关键技术之一－人机交互界面问题，分析了远程服务界面的需求，提出并分析了3种满足需求的界面方案，即基于Internet的人机交互界面，多媒体人机交互界面和克服语言、文化障碍的人机交互界面。结合实例探讨了上述界面方案的实现技术，从而验证所提界面设计方案的有效性与可行性。