梯形悬臂梁结构能量收集器的设计与研究

传统矩形悬臂梁上的应力呈非均匀分布,在梁固定端存在一个应力集中区,且沿轴向方向衰减,从而影响压电层的极化效果。同时,矩形悬臂梁结构能量收集器的谐振频率较高。为解决这一问题,文章提出了一种“倒”梯形结构的能量收集器结构。该梯形结构可以有效扩展极化区域,从而捕获到更低频的振动能量。实验发现,在1g振动加速度下,该能量收集器在124 Hz下输出电压为404 mV,输出功率达到41.3 μW。     

Analysis of cohesive failure in adhesively bonded joints with the SSPH meshless method

Adhesives have become the method of choice for many structural joining applications. Therefore, there is a need for improved understanding of adhesive joint performance, especially their failure, under a variety of loading conditions. Various numerical methods have been proposed to predict the failure of adhesive bonded material systems. These methods generally use a cohesive zone model (CZM) to analyze crack initiation and failure loci. The CZM incorporates a traction–separation law which relates the jump in surface tractions with the jump in displacements of abutting nodes of the cohesive segment; the area under the curve relating these jumps equals the energy release rate which is determined from experimental data. Values of parameters in the CZM are usually obtained through the comparison of results of numerical simulations with the experimental data for pure mode I and mode II deformations. Here a numerical approach to simulate crack initiation and propagation has been developed by implementing CZM in the meshless method using the symmetric smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SSPH) basis functions, and using the design of experiments technique to find optimal values of CZM parameters for mode I failure. Unlike in the finite element method where a crack generally follows a path between element boundaries, in the meshless method a crack can follow the path dictated by the physics of the problem. The numerical technique has been used to study the initiation and propagation of a crack in a double cantilever beam under mode I and mixed mode in-plane loadings. Computed results are found to agree well with the corresponding experimental findings. Significant contributions of the work include the determination of optimum values of CZM parameters, and simulating mode I, mode II and mixed mode failures using a meshless method with the SSPH basis functions.     

工字钢悬挑与钢管斜撑支撑体系的研究与应用

以山西饭店旧楼改造工程为工程实例,从构造措施、施工方案、材料质量要求、施工安全措施等方面对超长、超高工字钢悬挑与钢管斜撑支撑体系进行了阐述与分析,为旧楼改造提供了新的思路。     

变截面高耸悬臂结构的固有振动

采用里兹法求出变截面高耸悬臂结构的固有振动频率。     

悬臂矩形板不对称弯曲的研究

利用叠加原理及广义简支边的概念，着重讨论了悬臂矩形板在任意一点承受集中力作用的不对称弯曲。这个问题的结果，可使这类板承受任意荷载作用的弯曲问题得到解决。     

非对称变形构件中无粘结预应力筋极限应力的计算

目前结构设计中使用的无粘结顶应力筋极限应力计算式均为经验公式.由于这些经验公式所依据的统计数据系来自试验条件单一的对称加荷简支构件,所以就不适用于悬臂类一梁非对称变形构件中无粘结筋极限应力的计算.本文推导出了悬臂构件中无粘结筋极限应力的计算公式,井对单跨构件中非对称变形对无粘结筋极限应力的影响从理论上进行了分析,为无粘结预应力非对称变形构件的抗弯强度设计提供了关键变量——无粘结筋极限应力的实用计算方法.     

垂直柔性梁固有频率的计算与测试

航天结构系统属于重量轻、尺寸大的柔性结构,加之运行条件复杂,因此研究这类结构的振动特性及其控制就成为发展航天事业的重要课题之一。本文研究了作为构成航天结构系统基本构件——柔性梁的固有频率的理论计算与实验测试,结果表明,考虑重力影响的计算值与测试值十分接近,从而证明,在计算垂直柔性梁的固有频率时,不可忽视重力的影响。     

外伸构件在双轴力作用下的稳定性计算

讨论了外伸构件在端部和附着支承点上同时有轴向力作用时的稳定性计算问题。推导出了分别以筒支段和外伸段为实际几何长度时的等效计算长度系数，并提供了实用可行的数据图表。     

Experimental Determination of Micromachined Discrete and Continuous Device Spring Constants Using Nanoindentation Method

A rapid and accurate static and quasi-static method for determining the out-of-plane spring constants of cantilevers and a micromachined vibratory sensor is presented. In the past much of the effort in nanoindentation application was to investigate the thin-film mechanical properties. In this paper, we have utilized the nanoindentation method to measure directly some micromachined device (e.g. microgyroscope) spring constants. The cantilevers and devices tested were fabricated using the MUMPS process and an SOI process (patent pending). Spring constants are determined using a commercial nanoindentation apparatus UMIS-2000 configured with both Berkovich and spherical indenter tip that can be placed onto the device with high accuracy. Typical load resolution is: 20 N to 0.5 N and a displacement resolution of 0.05 nm. Information was deduced from the penetration depth versus load curves during both loading and unloading.     

Effect of Crack Propagation Directions on the Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Materials

The interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon/epoxy composite materials has been studied under tensile and flexural loading using width-tapered double cantilever beam (WTDCB) and end-notched flexure (ENF) specimens. This study experimentally examines the effect of various interfacial ply orientations, (0°, 45° and 90°) and crack propagation directions, (0°, 15°, 30° and 45°) in terms of the critical strain energy release rate. Twelve differently layered laminates were investigated. The fracture energy is deduced from the data according to the compliance method and beam theory. Beam theory is used to analyze the effect of crack propagation direction. The geometry and lay-up sequence of specimens are designed to probe various conditions such as skewness parameter and beam volume. Results show that fiber bridging occurred due to non-midplane crack propagation; this causes the difference in fracture energy calculated by both methods. For the construction of safer and more reliable composite structures, we obtain the optimal stacking sequence from the initial fracture energy in each mode.