Active contours: Generalization of the snake mode

Abstract— Segmentation is one of the fundamental issues in the field of image processing and computer vision. Various approaches include differentiating an object in the image as a final goal or for further processing (medical diagnosis, surveillance, 3‐D reconstruction and more). Snakes, a model proposed by Kass, Witkin, and Terzopoulos in 1987, provides an efficient method for segmenting an object through the minimization of its energy. The advantage of snakes is in its ability to use high‐level data given by the algorithm operator, as opposed to other methods such as the Laplace technique. The snakes model inherently imposes strong constraints on a given image in order to successfully segment an object. In this paper, the use of adjustment methods is described, which allow us to generalize the snake model to a wider range of applications. Through the use of pre‐processing techniques, the model's constraints were softened. The main theoretical model and its use in facing a real life image is presented.     

Multi‐objective design optimization of antennas for reflection,size, and gain variability using kriging surrogates and generalized domain segmentation

Cost‐efficient multi‐objective design optimization of antennas is presented. The framework exploits auxiliary data‐driven surrogates, a multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm for initial Pareto front identification, response correction techniques for design refinement, as well as generalized domain segmentation. The purpose of this last mechanism is to reduce the volume of the design space region that needs to be sampled in order to construct the surrogate model, and, consequently, limit the number of training data points required. The recently introduced segmentation concept is generalized here to allow for handling an arbitrary number of design objectives. Its operation is illustrated using an ultra‐wideband monopole optimized for best in‐band reflection, minimum gain variability, and minimum size. When compared with conventional surrogate‐based approach, segmentation leads to reduction of the initial Pareto identification cost by over 20%. Numerical results are supported by experimental validation of the selected Pareto‐optimal antenna designs.     

基于Potts模型的隐式曲面上的图像分割方法

针对隐式曲面上多相图像分割的问题,基于曲面的隐式表达、隐式曲面上的内蕴梯度等概念,将用于平面图像分割的Potts模型推广.首先对于隐式封闭曲面和隐式开放曲面,分别给出Potts模型的推广形式.然后对于传统梯度降方法计算效率低的问题,为曲面上的Potts模型设计了Split Bregman算法和对偶方法,并在对偶方法的基础上提出了一种改进的快速算法.多个数值实验结果表明,所提出的曲面上的Potts模型能有效地分割闭/开曲面上的分段常值图像,并且新的改进对偶方法在计算效率方面优于其他两种方法.     

基于MapInfo的城市物流配送信息查询系统研究

研究了城市物流配送信息查询系统.根据城市交通网络的特点,运用结点-弧段-有向线结构描述交通网络,利用动态分段技术建立了基于MapInfo的配货网络数据库.充分考虑了配货路线短、用时少,费用低的特点,提出了一种物流配送最优路径算法.采用Delphi和MapInfo集成开发方式,设计了城市物流配送信息查询系统,实现了输入查询信息或直接对地图操作来获得配货最优路线,提高了城市物流配送的便利性和高效性.     

固体推进剂药柱图像的自适应阈值分割方法

以固体推进剂药柱内窥镜图像表面缺陷的自动检测为例,在分析了此类图像特征的基础上,提出了一种利用梯度直方图信息的图像自适应阈值分割算法。通过实例,与原自适应直方图阈值分割算法和固定阈值分割算法相比较,结果表明：该算法采用可动态调整的形态学梯度算子计算梯度直方图,充分利用了图像的边缘信息和缺陷内部灰度分布不均匀的特性,算法简单,适应性广,具有实时准确分割图像的特点。     

中文自动分词系统的设计模型

介绍了常用的中文自动分词方法,在此基础上,给出了中文自动分词系统的理论模型,指出评价自动分词系统优劣的性能指标,并对分词系统的发展作了探讨。     

Text line and word segmentation of handwritten documents

In this paper, we present a segmentation methodology of handwritten documents in their distinct entities, namely, text lines and words. Text line segmentation is achieved by applying Hough transform on a subset of the document image connected components. A post-processing step includes the correction of possible false alarms, the detection of text lines that Hough transform failed to create and finally the efficient separation of vertically connected characters using a novel method based on skeletonization. Word segmentation is addressed as a two class problem. The distances between adjacent overlapped components in a text line are calculated using the combination of two distance metrics and each of them is categorized either as an inter- or an intra-word distance in a Gaussian mixture modeling framework. The performance of the proposed methodology is based on a consistent and concrete evaluation methodology that uses suitable performance measures in order to compare the text line segmentation and word segmentation results against the corresponding ground truth annotation. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is demonstrated by experimentation conducted on two different datasets: (a) on the test set of the ICDAR2007 handwriting segmentation competition and (b) on a set of historical handwritten documents.     

标志创意之维——解码汉字的形、神、意

标志设计中的"汉字"作为视觉传达信息的原型,是设计师创意的思考之维。本文在分析典型标志的基础上,探讨了汉字字型的视觉信息功能,汉字字义的所指信息功能,以及汉字书写表现出来的审美意境,这三个创意的思考维度来解码标志设计的创意来源。     

基于几何-语义联合约束的动态环境视觉SLAM算法

传统视觉同步定位和地图构建（Simultaneous localization and mapping, SLAM）算法建立在静态环境假设的基础之上,当场景中出现动态物体时,会影响系统稳定性,造成位姿估计精度下降。现有方法大多基于概率统计和几何约束来减轻少量动态物体对视觉SLAM系统的影响,但是当场景中动态物体较多时,这些方法失效。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种将动态视觉SLAM算法与多目标跟踪算法相结合的方法。首先采用实例语义分割网络,结合几何约束,在有效地分离静态特征点和动态特征点的同时,进一步实现多目标跟踪,改善跟踪结果,并能够获得运动物体的轨迹和速度矢量信息,从而能够更好地为机器人自主导航提供决策信息。在KITTI数据集上的实验表明,该算法在动态场景中相较ORB-SLAM2算法精度提高了28%。     

基于PCNN的改进Split-merge图像分割

为了更好地分割图像,对传统Split-merge算法作出改进:PCNN先进行分裂,用一种简化的Mumford-Shah模型进行合并,使得分裂阶段不仅无效分割减少,而且无方块效应,对边缘定位准确;合并阶段能够理想地将分裂后的区域合并为感兴趣的前景与不感兴趣的背景,误合并与欠合并大幅减小.对Papav, Monkey, Twoman图像的仿真表明,其分割结果和运行时间均优于AMS,MBMS算法.仿真结果证明,本文算法是一种适用于图像分割的有效算法.